CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Studying this Class-A CDL pre-trip inspection checklist is an important part of truck driver training. Before getting your Class-A CDL and finding an entry level truck driving job , most states will require students to pass a DOT (department of transportation) pre-trip inspection test and a general knowledge test .

Each company’s pre-trip inspection varies slightly. Most likely you will have to do the coupling system, light check and in-cab inspections plus one of the remaining three sections.

Pre Trip Inspection Checklist

Download free and print it! Printable Pre Trip Inspection Checklist (PDF)

There are many sections to learn but the test is not as difficult as it may seem. Studying our simplified Class-A pre-trip inspection checklist and taking classes at your local CDL training school will get you prepared.

Engine Compartment

Driver door fuel area, coupling area, light check, in-cab inspection and brake tests, belt driven alternator, belt driven water pump, brake chamber, brake lining, caste nuts and cotter pins, coolant reservoir, gear box and hoses, gear driven air compressor, gear driven power steering pump.

  • General Hoses

Leaf Springs

Power steering fluid reservoir, shock absorber, slack adjuster and push rod, spring hanger, steering column, what to check for:.

When checking the engine compartment, you will always want to make sure the following components are properly mounted and secured. You should also make sure they are not cracked, bent or broken. The items you will need to check for include:

  • Make sure all of the wires are connected. The belt should not be cracked or frayed and the free play on the belt should be between ½ to ¾ of an inch.
  • The free play on the belt should be between ½ to ¾ of an inch. Also check all the hoses running to and from the water pump to make sure nothing is leaking.
  • The brake chamber should not be leaking air.
  • The brake drum should be properly mounted and secure.
  • The brake hose is rubber, so it is important to make sure it is not leaking air.
  • Check for oil or debris on the lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
  • Make sure all three caste nuts and cotter pins are present.
  • The reservoir should not leaking and must be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
  • Make sure the drag link is properly mounted and secure, and not cracked, bent or broken.
  • The gear box and hoses should have no abrasions, bulges or cuts, and should not be leaking.
  • Although the air compressor is hard to see, you must make sure it is properly mounted and does not leak.
  • The steering pump is located in the same place as the air compressor and is also gear driven. Ensure the steering pump is not leaking.

General Hoses (Passenger and Driver’s Side)

  • The hoses should be secure at both ends. There should be no abrasions, bulges or cuts. Fluids run through these hoses, so it is important to make sure they are not leaking.
  • The hub seal (or axle seal) should not be leaking and should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
  • Make sure none of the leaf springs have shifted.
  • Check for leaks under the truck.
  • There should be no lug nuts missing. Look for rust trails, powder residue and cracks around the bolt holes.
  • The oil level should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
  • Make sure the pitman arm is properly mounted and secure. It should be not cracked, bent or broken.
  • Make sure this reservoir is not leaking and filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
  • The rim cannot have any unauthorized welds.
  • Make sure the shock absorber is not leaking. If it is leaking, the leak will be at the point where the top and bottom portion of the shock meet.
  • With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the push rod should never move more than one inch.
  • The spring hanger should be properly mounted and secure.
  • Make sure the steering column is properly mounted and secure. It should not be cracked, bent or broken.
  • Look for abrasions, bulges or cuts on the tread or sidewalls. Tread depth should have a depth no less than 4/32 of an inch. Tires must be properly filled to the manufacturer’s specifications. This can be checked with an air gauge.
  • Make sure the tie rod is properly mounted and secure, not cracked, bent or broken.
  • Make sure all are accounted for.

Back to top of Engine Compartment

Catwalk and Steps

Door and hinges, drive shaft, exhaust system, frame and cross members, spring mount.

Again it is important to make sure these items are properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends, and breaks.

  • The actual airbag is rubber, so it is important to check for abrasions, bulges, cuts and leaks, in addition to any missing mounting bolts.
  • The axle seal should not be leaking and should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
  • Make sure to mention the brake chamber is not leaking air.
  • Make sure the brake drum is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
  • Check the brake hose at both ends to make sure it is not leaking air.
  • There should be no oil or debris on the brake lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
  • The cat walk and steps should be clear of any loose objects.
  • Physically demonstrate that the doors open, close and latch properly. Door seals should not be worn, torn or rotten.
  • The drive shaft should not be twisted and the u-joints should be free of any debris.
  • The tread and sidewalls should have no abrasions, bulges or cuts. The tread depth should be no less than 2/32 of an inch. Tires should be properly filled to the manufacturer’s specifications. This can be checked with an air gauge.
  • The exhaust system should show no signs of leaks.
  • There should be no unauthorized holes or welds. Bundle up the cross members to ensure none are missing.
  • Fuel should not be leaking from the tank and the cap should always be on tight.
  • Rust trails could indicate loose bolts, while powder residue and racks around the bolts could mean the bolts have been over-tightened.
  • Mirrors should be clean for best visibility.
  • Make sure the mud flap is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
  • Make sure to mention there should be never be any unauthorized welds.
  • The shock absorber should be secure at both ends and not leaking. If it does leak, it will leak in the middle.
  • With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the push rod should not move more than one inch.
  • If you are equipped with duals, check to see there is proper spacing between the tires and there is nothing stuck.
  • The spring arm should be secure at both ends.
  • The spring mount should be secure at both ends.
  • Make sure the torque arm is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
  • Make sure to check and mention that no U-bolts are missing.

Back to  top of Driver Door Fuel Area

Electric Line

Locking jaws, mounting bolts, release arm, sliding fifth wheel locking pin.

  • Air lines should be secure at both ends with no abrasions, bulges or cuts. They should not be leaking, dragging or tangled.
  • Make sure the apron is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
  • Make sure there is enough space between the tractor mudflap and the trailer landing gear so that they don’t hit each other when making a turn.
  • The electric line should be secure at both ends. There should be no abrasions, bulges, cuts or exposed wires.
  • The gap is not an actual item, however there should be no space between the apron and the skid plate.
  • The seals should be in good condition with no cracks, signs of rotting, or leaking air.
  • Make sure the king pin is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
  • You must physically check that the locking jaws is fully locked around the king pin.
  • No mounting bolts should be missing.
  • Make sure the platform is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
  • The release arm should be in the fully locked position.
  • The skid plate needs to be properly lubed.
  • The pin must be in the fully locked position.

Back to top of Coupling Area

Header Board

Landing gear, rear door and hinges.

  • Shock Absorbers

Tandem Frame and Release

Trailer tire.

  • Again make sure the airbag has no abrasions, bulges, cuts or leakings. The airbag should not be missing any mounting bolts.
  • The brake chamber should be properly mounted so that is does not leak air.
  • The brake hose should be secure at both ends with no abrasions, bulges, cuts or leaks.
  • Check for oil or debris on the brake lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
  • There cannot be any missing cross members.
  • The header board cannot have any holes or missing rivets.
  • The landing gear must be fully raised and the cradle handle secure.
  • Rust trails indicate loose bolts. Powder residue and cracks around the bolt holes could be an indication of over-tightened bolts.
  • The rims cannot have any unauthorized welds.
  • The rear door should open, close and latch properly. Door seals should not be worn, torn or dry rotten.
  • The shock absorber should be checked at both ends for leaks.
  • When the brakes are released and pulled by hand, the push rod should not move more than one inch.
  • Release handle and locking pins should be in the fully locked position.

There should be no abrasions, bulges or cuts to the tread or sidewalls. Tread depth should be no less than 2/32 of an inch. The tire should be properly filled to manufacturer’s specifications and checked with an air gauge.

  • Front of the truck
  • Both sides of the truck
  • Rear of the truck
  • Both sides of the trailer
  • Rear of the trailer

Back to top of Trailer

The five functions are:

  • Left turn signal
  • Right turn signal
  • Four way flashers
  • High/low beams
  • Brake lights

Back to top of Light Check

  • Airbrake Test

Air Pressure Gauges

Emergency equipment, heater and defroster, lighting indicators, oil pressure gauge, parking brake, service brake check, water temperature gauge, windshield and mirrors, windshield wipers and washers.

The last section is In-Cab Inspection and Brake Tests. For the In-Cab Inspection you will once again want to make sure all of the following components are properly mounted and secure. As well as the following:

Air Brake Test

There are three stages to an air brake test:

  • Applied Pressure Test – When doing the Applied Pressure Test, you will want to build the air pressure to governor cut out. Put the truck in the lowest gear, turn the engine off and immediately turn it back on. Push in the tractor and trailer valves which will then release the parking brakes. Push and hold the brake pedal, allowing the gauges to stabilize. When the gauges have stabilized, announce the Primary and Secondary PSI. Listen for air leaks while doing this.
  • Warning Light and Buzzer – Pump down on the brake pedal until the warning light and buzzer comes on. This is typically at or before 60 PSI.
  • Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out – Pump down on the brake pedal until the tractor and trailer protection valves pop out, this will be between 20 and 40 PSI.
  • The air pressure gauges should build to governor cut out.
  • Your truck should have a fire extinguisher, three red reflective triangles and spare electrical fuses.
  • Demonstrate both the heater and defroster are working properly.

Horns (Air Horn and City Horn)

  • Blow both horns to make sure they are working.
  • Check the left turn, right turn, four way flashers and high beams; also point these out on the dashboard.
  • Make sure transmission is in neutral and then fully depress the clutch. Turn the key on, check the ABS light, announce when it comes on and off, and start the engine.
  • The seat belt should not be ripped or frayed and should adjust and latch properly.
  • The engine oil pressure gauge should rise to normal operating range.
  • Trailer Parking Brakes – Set the trailer brake, release the tractor brake, then tug lightly on the trailer.
  • Tractor Parking Brakes – Set the tractor brake, release the trailer brake and tug lightly on the trailer.
  • Release both the tractor and trailer brakes. Drive at idle speed. Apply the service brake to make sure you come to a complete stop and that it doesn’t pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.
  • The voltmeter should be charging between 13 and 14 volts.
  • The water temperature gauge should also rise to normal operating range.
  • The windshield and mirrors must be clean, with no obstructions and in proper adjustment.
  • Demonstrate the wipers and washers are working properly by spraying the windshield.

Back to top of In-Cab Inspection and Brake Tests

During a CDL pre-trip inspection, truckers inspect many aspects of their commercial vehicle, including the overall safety of the vehicle; major hoses, fluid levels, and vehicle belts; the clutch or gear shift; and emergency equipment. The driver demonstrates their knowledge by walking around the vehicle, checking various safety components and explaining why each part should be checked for safety.

Reference and practice tests:

  • Printable Pre Trip Inspection Checklist (PDF)
  • CDL General Knowledge Practice Test
  • Pre Trip Inspection Practice Test
  • CDL HAZMAT Endorsement Practice Test

Edited for 2024 on  12/5/23

cdl pre trip acronyms

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Pre-Trip Inspection Study Guide

Blue truck for pre-trip inspection

Our Pre-Trip Inspection Study Guide has everything you need to prepare for the Class A CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Exam . Our study guide will cover the pre-trip inspection terminology as well as a thorough list of all of the parts you will be inspecting on the vehicle. For each part you will be inspecting there will also be a list of items you will be checking for. Our study guide is broken down into the following sections:

  • What You Need to Know About Pre-Trip Inspection

Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Questions

  • Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Pre-Trip Inspection Videos

Pre-trip inspection printable resources, what you need to know about the pre-trip inspection.

The Pre-Trip Inspection is a thorough inspection of the vehicle and all of its major systems. Inspecting the vehicle before driving each day is a Federal requirement and normally takes about 15 minutes. It must be logged in your logbook as "on duty not driving."

You will have to do thorough safety inspections of the coupling system, the vehicle lights, engine compartment, tires and brakes, the chassis, the fuel tanks, and an in-cab inspection.

The following information is a brief summary of Daniel's Complete Pre-Trip Inspection taken from our oustanding free PDF download:

Engine Compartment

engine compartment pre-trip inspection

You will be checking the engine compartment for any sort of leaks. You will also be checking to see if all components are properly mounted and secured. None of the mounts must be cracked, bent, or broken.

You will be checking all hoses to make sure they aren't leaking, frayed, or sliced and the fluid levels including the oil level, the coolant, and the power steering fluid.

You must check the components like the water pump, the power steering pump, and the alternator to make sure nothing is leaking, the belts are not frayed, and that everything is properly mounted and secured.

From inside the engine compartment you will also find the steering system, the front suspension system, and the front brake system. All components of these systems must be properly mounted and secured without anything being cracked, bent, or broken. Finally you will be checking the tires, rims, and axle seals to make sure the tires are properly inflated, the rim isn't bent or cracked, and the axle seals are not leaking.

Fuel Tank And Battery Area

air lines connecting tractor to trailer

You will be standing along the side of the tractor doing a series of checks on the mirrors, fuel tanks, batteries, exhaust system, and more. You will check to make sure nothing is bent, cracked, broken, or leaking.

Check the mirrors, door hinges, door handle to make sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Check to make sure there is no fuel leaking and that the fuel cap is secured and the gasket is not missing.

Check the exhaust system to make sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Check the driveshaft, cat walk, and steps to make sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken.

Check the frame and crossmembers for structural integrity. Check the air lines going to the trailer to make sure they're properly connected and that there are no abrasions, bulges, or cuts. Make sure the gaskets are present.

Check the suspension system and brakes on the drive axles, making sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the brake linings are the proper thickness and that the air bags and properly inflated. Inspect the brake chambers, slack adjusters, and pushrods are properly mounted and secure. Not Cracked, Bent, or Broken. With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the Push Rod should not move more than 1 inch.

Check the rims, tires, and axle seals of the drive tires for proper inflation, no leaks around the seal, and the lugs are all present and secured.

Coupling System

air brake lines connecting the tractor to trailer checked for pre-trip inspection

You will be standing where the tractor and trailer are connected and you'll start by checking the electrical line and air lines to make sure they're properly mounted and secure at both ends. No abrasions, bulges or cuts. Not leaking air. Make sure the electrical line has no wires exposed. Check the gladhands to make sure the seals are in good condition, no cracks or signs of dry rotting. Not leaking air.

Check the skid plate of the fifth wheel and the apron of the trailer to make sure there is no debris and nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the fifth wheel is properly greased. Also make sure there is no gap in between the fifth wheel and the trailer apron once the tractor and trailer are coupled. Make sure the kingpin of the trailer is properly mounted and not cracked, bent, or broken and that the locking jaws of the fifth wheel are properly secured when the tractor and trailer are coupled.

Check the mounting bolts where the fifth wheel attaches to the tractor frame. Make sure there are no missing bolts and that everything is secured properly. Check the locking pin if you having a sliding fifth wheel to make sure it's properly locked into place.

Make sure that there is the proper clearance space between the tractor mudflap and the trailer landing gear so that they don’t hit each other when making a turn.

tandem frame and connecting pins are properly locked for pre-trip inspection

You will start inspecting the trailer at the head board, which is the front wall of the trailer. Make sure there are no holes or missing rivets. Check the landing gear to make sure it is properly mounted and secure. Not cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the fully raised and the handle is secure in the cradle when the tractor and trailer are coupled.

Check the frame and crossmembers under the trailer to make sure they're not cracked, bent, or broken. Check the tandem frame and release pins to make sure the frame is in good condition and the release handle and locking pins are in the fully locked position.

You will check the entire suspension and brake system for the trailer tandems the same way you did for the drive axles of the tractor. You will also make sure the mudflaps are properly secured. For dual tires check to see that there is proper space between the tires and there is nothing stuck between the tires.

Check the rear door and hinges to make sure they are properly mounted and nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the door seals are not worn, torn, or dry rotted.

Light Check

lights on the back of the trailer during pre-trip inspection

You will be checking all of the lights and reflectors on both the tractor and the trailer. Check the reflectors and reflective tape to make sure they are properly mounted and secure, not cracked, bent, or broken, and clean and illuminated. Check that you have the proper color of amber to the front and sides, and red to the rear.

Start by turning on your marker lights and headlights. Now walk around the entire truck and trailer and point out the lights. Give the function of the light and the location. You should then ask your examiner to help you check your five functions.

While you're sitting in the drivers seat, the examiner will stand to the front of the truck, then behind the trailer. He will then check your Turn Signals, Four Way Flashers and Brake Lights. You must do each function at every location.

The five locations that you must check your lights:

  • Front of the Truck
  • Both sides of the Truck
  • Rear of the Truck
  • Both sides of the Trailer
  • Rear of the Trailer

The Five Functions you are checking for:

  • Left Turn Signal
  • Right Turn Signal
  • Four Way Flashers
  • High Beams/Low Beams
  • Brake Lights

In-Cab Inspection

in-cab air brake test during pre-trip inspection

The in-cab inspection and air brake check will cover the various gauges and systems inside the cab along with several tests to make sure you air brake system is working properly.

You will start by checking the following:

  • Seat Belt- Properly Mounted and Secure. Not ripped or frayed Adjusts and latches properly.
  • Fire Extinguisher- Properly Mounted and Secure. Fully charged
  • Three Red Reflective Triangles- My three red reflective triangles are GIVE LOCATION
  • Spare Electrical Fuses- My spare electrical fuses are GIVE LOCATION
  • Volmeter, Oil Pressure Gauge, Water Temperature Gauge, and Air Pressure Gauge all show proper operation
  • City horn and air horn functioning properly
  • The windshield and mirrors are clean, no cracks or breaks, no obstructions. The mirrors are in proper adjustment.
  • Windshield Wipers and Washers - Demonstrate that the washers work by spraying the windshield. The Wipers are: Properly Mounted and Secure and operate smoothly. The blades aren't cracked or dry rotten.
  • Heater and Defroster - Demonstrate that both the Heater and Defroster are working properly.
  • Lighting Indicators - Left Turn, Right Turn, Four Way Flashers, and High Beams.

Trailer Parking Brakes - Set the Trailer Brake, release the tractor brake, and then tug lightly on the trailer.

Tractor Parking Brakes- Then set the Tractor Brake, release the trailer brake, and then tug lightly on the tractor.

Service Brake Check - Release both Tractor and Trailer Brakes. Now drive at idle speed. Apply the Service Brake to make sure you come to a complete stop, and that it doesn't pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.

Air Brake Test

in-cab air brake test during pre-trip inspection

The air brake test will consist of a leakdown test to make sure your air brakes aren't leaking air and losing pressure. It will also test the warning lights and buzzer to make sure the driver gets the proper warning if the air pressure drops too low.

There are three stages to an Air Brake Test

#1: Applied Pressure Test

#2: Warning Light and Buzzer

#3 Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out

Applied Pressure Test: Build the air pressure to governor cut out. Put the truck in the lowest gear. Then turn off the engine Immediately turn the engine back on. Push in both the tractor and trailer valves. (This will release the parking brakes.) Push and hold the Brake pedal fully. Allow the gauges to stabilize. Announce the gauges have stabilized and the Primary and Secondary PSI. With the Brakes fully pressed, you should not lose more than 4 PSI in one minute. Announce that you are listening for air leaks during that minute.

Warning Light and Buzzer Test: Pump down on the Brake pedal until the warning light and buzzer comes on, at or before 60 PSI.

Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out Test: Pump down on the brake pedal until both the tractor and trailer protection valves pop out. They should both pop out between 40 and 20 PSI.

We have a ton of Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Questions along with the answers and a complete scoring system in our Free Online CDL Practice Tests :

The Engine Compartment Section will include questions about checking the oil level and coolant levels, inspecting belt-driven engine components (like the water pump, alternator, and air compressor), and the safety devices required in the cab. There will also be questions regarding the windshield wipers and free play in the steering wheel.

The Lights And Brakes Section will include questions about dashboard indicator lights, inspecting the parking brakes, and doing a leakdown test on the air brakes. It will also include questions about the low air pressure warning signal and testing your air horn and city horn.

The Suspension And Steering Section will include questions about the tractor protection valve, inspecting the steering box, and inspecting many suspension system parts. It will also include questions about welds being present on tire rims and the minimum tread depth required on steering axle tires.

The Tires And Coupling Devices Section will include questions about shiny trails or rusty threads on lug nuts, inspecting the battery box and cover, and inspecting electrical lines. It will also contain questions about inspecting the coupling devices and the fifth wheel skid plate.

The Emergency Equipment And Fifth Wheel Section will include questions about additional emergeny equipment required by school buses, inspecting the gap between the kingpin apron and the fifth wheel skid plate, and the landing gear securement. It will also contain questions about inspecting driver mirrors and the trailer frame.

Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist - Class A

Our pre-trip inspection checklist covers every part of the truck from front to back, both inside and outside of the truck. It covers the air brakes, suspension parts, steering components, wheels and rims, fuel tanks, batteries, lights, and more. It also covers the air brake tug test and checks for everything under the hood including alternator, water pump, fuel pump, fluids, and more.

This is a super handy checklist to study anytime you have a few minutes to spare:

Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist - Free Word Document Download (Editable Version)

Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist - Free PDF Download (Print Version)

Pre-Trip Inspection Video By Apex CDL Institute

Jeff from Apex Institute does an in-depth explanation of the entire pre-trip inspection process. This video is loaded with tips that go beyond the CDL test to help drivers really understand how to identify problems.

Pretrip Inspection Self-Test By CDL College

The Pretrip Inspection Self-Test By CDL College is really unique. It's a silent video which will show you the part you're inspecting and then gives you a few seconds to figure out what you should be checking for before giving you the answer. Definitely check this one out. Great for practicing before the CDL exam.

Pre-Trip Inspection Video By Averitt Express

This is a complete back to front pre-trip inspection of a truck and trailer by Averitt mainentance associate Kevin Breeding. This thorough pre-trip inspection covers all inportant points of inside the cab, lights, engine, the tractor itself and the trailer.

We have included two print versions of the pre-trip inspection process from Daniel. The first is the entire pre-trip inspection and the second is an abbreviated checklist for the inspection.

  • PDF: Daniel's Pre-trip Inspection (Print Version)
  • PDF: Daniel's Pre-trip Inspection Checklist (Print Version)

cdl pre trip acronyms

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  1. 5 Tips to Memorize the CDL Pre Trip Inspection

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  3. How to perform a Class A CDL Pre-Trip inspection. Demonstrated by a

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VIDEO

  1. CDL Pre trip/Coupling 2023

  2. CDL PRE TRIP INSPECTION FORM A

  3. For My CDL Students/Drivers

  4. CDL Pre Trip 2024

  5. CDL Pre trip inspection coupling

  6. CDL Pre Trip Engine Compartment 2024 Info

COMMENTS

  1. CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist + Free PDF (2024)

    Before getting your Class-A CDL and finding an entry level truck driving job, most states will require students to pass a DOT (department of transportation) pre-trip inspection test and a general knowledge test. Each company’s pre-trip inspection varies slightly.

  2. Class A CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Simplified

    Engine Compartment + 1 Axle. 3 L’s. Leaks, Leans, and Lights. Before opening the hood, check for LEAKS on the ground, under the engine. Check that the truck is not LEANING. to one side or the other. Check the LIGHTS on the top and front of the truck. They must be the proper color and not cracked, broken, or dirty.

  3. Pre-Trip Inspection Study Guide

    Our Pre-Trip Inspection Study Guide has everything you need to prepare for the Class A CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Exam. Our study guide will cover the pre-trip inspection terminology as well as a thorough list of all of the parts you will be inspecting on the vehicle. For each part you will be inspecting there will also be a list of items you will ...