three kingdoms tourism

Travel guide to Wuxi, China: Cherry blossoms, ancient waterways, an epic Three Kingdoms TV drama set

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This historic lakeside city near Shanghai and Suzhou might not be on Singaporeans’ top travel destinations in China, but it’s only a matter of time.

Scenery at Taihu Lake in Wuxi, China. (Photo: Wuxi Tourism Board)

This audio is AI-generated.

Toh Ee Ming

When I first received the invitation to visit Wuxi in China, the first thing that came to mind was: Where is it and what’s there?

A quick Google search revealed idyllic photos of this historic lakeside city, beautifully adorned with cherry blossoms in spring time. I was surprised to find it was located just a short distance away from its more famous neighbours Suzhou and Shanghai.

To understand Wuxi’s history, one needs to know about the ancient Grand Canal that runs through it, and links north and south China. The strategic location assured Wuxi’s place as a thriving waterway hub for trade and commerce, contributing to its prosperity today.

A five-hour plane ride from Singapore later, I found myself in wintry Wuxi in late December 2023.  Over the next four days, I would soon discover that this underrated lakeside city has plenty of hidden offerings.

Meandering around the melancholic landscapes, it was a peaceful way to wrap up the end of the year in quiet contemplation. The slow, unhurried pace and serenity was a welcome relief from the usual crush of bigger Chinese megacities.

Part of the draw is the city’s close affinity with water, where you can do an early morning stroll around the vast Lake Taihu or take a cruise down the Grand Canal.

But Wuxi’s star attraction is its flower blossoms. Every year, hordes of tourists descend upon the city to catch a glimpse of its famed cherry blossoms, along with verdant lotus blooms, plum blossoms, peach blossoms, lush bamboo groves and even gorgeous lavender fields.

Wuxi shares a surprising number of similarities with Singapore. Locals and residents tell me that Wuxi is a clean, affluent, relatively smaller city that is centrally located which makes it easy to travel around Jiangsu.  

Wuxi may not be one of Singaporeans’ top choices now, but you can be sure that it’s only a matter of time before more people catch wind of it.

1. CHASE THE CHERRY BLOSSOMS AT TURTLE HEAD ISLAND

When it comes to catching cherry blossoms, the first place that immediately comes to mind would be Japan, Korea and Taiwan. But Wuxi still remains a secret, to Singaporeans at least. The best place to view the cherry blossoms is at Yuantouzhu (Turtle Head Island), a peninsular situated at the northwest side of Taihu Lake, the third-largest freshwater lake in China. It gets the name for its huge rocks protruding into the lake, appearing as if a swimming turtle tossing its head.

Every March and April, the place – with over 30,000 cherry blossom trees – turns into a sea of delicate pink and white flowers. View the blossoms from various vantage points – as you wander through the pavilions and bridges under the trees and enjoy the falling cherry blossoms like a K-drama heroine, from a sightseeing boat tour on Taihu Lake or climb up winding paths to the mountain top to enjoy a bird’s-eye view.  We hear that the night cherry blossom viewing garden party is a must-see. Illuminated at night, it feels like walking into a dreamland.

Because I was there in winter, the scenery conjured up an entirely different mood, like a scene out of a calligraphy painting. The paths were lined with trees stripped bare of their leaves, and the icy wind bit into my face. I gazed out at ghostly ships in the mist-filled lake, while seagulls dipped and soared around me. My travel companions and I took delight in patting the many plump cats lazing about the isle.

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2. PAY TRIBUTE TO THE GRAND BUDDHA OF LINGSHAN

At a mighty 88 metres tall, the Lingshan Grand Buddha has become a well-known symbol of Wuxi. Climb the Ascending Cloud Avenue to touch the feet of this towering bronze deity. The sprawling precinct has several Buddhist landmarks, one of them being the Nine Dragons Bathing Sakyamuni musical fountain show.

It begins with Buddha sitting in a lotus flower, before eventually rising upwards and revolving 360 degrees. The nine dragons around the pool spray water skyward to bathe the baby Buddha with water.

We also took part in the pagoda flower offering activity at the Lingshan Brahma Palace. In this sacred hall of Buddhist culture and art, the opulent interiors, intricate dome and floor-to-ceiling panels are nothing short of stunning.

3. TIME TRAVEL TO THREE KINGDOMS CITY

The generals thunder past on horseback, their spears locked in a fierce duel. The troops sit astride on their horses, geared for attack, before carefully choreographed warfare reigns on the battlefield. It’s an exhilarating display of steely might and showmanship. This is the closest I can get to one of the most famous battles in Chinese history, with the reenactment of The Battle of Three Heroes against General Lu Bu.

Built in 1987 by the China Central Television to film the epic period television drama The Romance Of The Three Kingdoms, this huge replica city is where history comes to life. It’s an educational experience as you view pavilions, temples and towers, palaces and arenas in the style of the Han and Song dynasties.

The site stages various cultural performances and activities based on Chinese classics – witness Wu Song fighting to kill Ximen Qing in Water Margin, school children can participate in a makeshift imperial exam, experience Liu Bei’s wedding ceremony, and sail in warlord Cao Cao’s ship to envision the naval Battle of Red Cliffs. If you’re lucky, you might see a film or television production in progress here.

Making the journey back to the little village where my family’s story began

4. CATCH THE NIGHT LIGHT SHOWS AT NIANHUA BAY

Located within the Lingshan Buddhist scenic area, Nianhua Bay is a resort town for guests to experience Zen-themed inns, tea ceremonies, ikebana, and incense traditions.

Drop by Smile Square, an open space for night-time performances featuring an 18-metre-high kinetic steel sculpture designed by renowned Georgian sculptor Tamara Kvesitadze. It serves as the centrepiece of a massive light show with stage design accomplished by the lighting design team behind the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games' opening and closing ceremonies. Even the skeptic in me was impressed by the dancing drones with their state-of-the-art projections.

Our travel companion caught the molten iron throwing show, a spectacle where craftsmen in the past would hurl molten iron against a cold brick wall to create spectacular sparks. Fans of the Story Of Yanxi Palace might recall this traditional practice from the show’s fireworks scene.

5. WANDER AROUND HUISHAN OLD TOWN

For a glimpse into old Wuxi, get lost in Huishan Old Town’s cobbled streets and gorgeous gardens. At the Jichang Garden, stonewalls enclose 400-year-old ginko trees, ancestral halls, ponds with enormous fish swimming lazily within it, and ornate pavilion roofs with dragon carvings. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty liked the design of the garden so much, he had a replica built in Beijing’s Summer Palace.

Huishan Town is also packed with street food shops.  Like any food-obsessed Singaporean, we join the snaking queues of people at a popular stall selling fried dough twist.

6. SAMPLE STREET FOOD AND SOAK UP THE NIGHTLIFE AT NANCHANG STREET

Nanchang Street is possibly Wuxi’s busiest nightlife spot. With the river coursing through the Grand Canal against the backdrop of illuminated historic buildings, it makes for a pretty sight, especially when viewed from Qingming Bridge. It’s easy to lose track of time here, as you wander down the streets lined with restaurants, tea shops, boutique stores and cat cafes while munching on street food and taking in sights like intricate molten malt candy being twisted into delectable shapes by the local artisans.

Tea is a huge thing here – we were momentarily distracted by an elaborate dance showcase that spontaneously broke out on the street, only to realise it was a massive ad to entice people into a milk tea shop. Elsewhere, tourists snap up cute miniature teapot accessories.

You’ll notice the food is especially sweet, a sign of the city’s affluence. I sample the yulan bing, a mildly sweet pork meatball encased within a deep fried glutinous rice ball. Despite its small size, the chewy golden snack is easily filling and bursts with juicy goodness. 

I was slightly confused by the meihua gao, or plum blossom cake. It’s made in the shape of plum blossom with sticky rice, jam, nuts and red bean paste, though it looked more like ice cream to me. I couldn’t get used to the mishmash of textures that melded both sweet and savoury notes. The Wuxi pork ribs with their signature spiced sweetness are a must-try too.

Exploring Jiuzhaigou National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site in the province of Sichuan, China

7. IMMERSE IN WUXI’S NATURAL LANDSCAPES

Home to no shortage of stunning countryside sights, nature lovers can embark on a cycling tour within the calming Yixing bamboo forest and pick Wuxi waxberries, whose juicy red flesh offers respite on a hot summer’s day.

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Visit Wuxi (@visit_wuxi)

Frolic through the purple sea of Xuelang Mountain’s lavender fields, pick enormous Wuxi grapes and strawberries in Doushan Agriculture Ecological Park or visit tea plantations at Jiangsu Provincial Tea Research Institute in Huishan.  

8. DO A DAY TRIP TO SUZHOU, VENICE OF THE EAST

The pretty and laidback Suzhou water town is an essential day trip from Wuxi, just 20 minutes by high-speed rail. At Shi Zi Lin, or Lion Grove Garden, dart through maze-like rockeries resembling dancing stone lions, and through tunnelled caves and winding ravines. Too bad that we were jostling alongside hundreds of other holidayers and selfie-toting girls dressed in hanfu, on New Year’s Eve.

But the real challenge was fighting our way through the human throng at Pingjiang Road, situated along a picturesque canal with stone bridges and clear green waters. You’ll find quaint narrow alleyways, old buildings converted to tea houses and shops selling local snacks and traditional souvenirs. Take a short gondola ride along the canal while the boat lady croons away soulful tunes or simply people-watch.

Attracted by the pretty colours of the osmanthus rice cake, we sampled the light and fragrant cake from a street vendor. And of course, I couldn’t leave without China’s internet-famous bamboo milk tea, or zhu tong nai cha.  It went viral because of its bamboo cup that is customised to the city you buy it in. I had the jasmine osmanthus oolong with fresh milk, a truly sweet ending to the year.

CNA Lifestyle was in Wuxi at the invitation of Jetstar Asia and the Wuxi Sunan Shuofang International Airport Group. Jetstar Asia is the only carrier to fly direct from Singapore to Wuxi.

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Three Kingdom City, Wuxi – Ticket Price, Opening Hours, Location, and Highlights

Wuxi Three Kingdom City (无锡三国影视城), also known as CCTV Wuxi Film and Television Base, spans 35 hectares and was established in 1987. Nestled at the foot of the lush Junshan Mountain and along the picturesque shores of Taihu Lake, this expansive cultural and cinematic complex was built by China Central Television (CCTV) for the production of the 84-episode TV series “Romance of the Three Kingdoms.” It has since become a massive immersive film and television production as well as a tourism hub.

Each year, Wuxi Three Kingdom City draws hundreds of production crews to film over 1,000 episodes of TV dramas and movies within its captivating settings. Furthermore, it annually welcomes over 3 million visitors who come to explore the secrets of filmmaking and enjoy the scenic surroundings. This unique destination seamlessly combines history, culture, and entertainment, making it a must-visit attraction for enthusiasts of both cinema and the Three Kingdoms era.

Table of Contents

Basic information, hand-picked activities for you, location and transportation, scenes from tv series, various performances, sun shangxiang restaurant, find the best hotel in wuxi, vlog about three kingdoms city, useful tips summarized from reviews, attractions near three kingdoms city.

Wuxi Three Kingdom City is located at the picturesque Taihu Lake in Binhu District, Wuxi , Jiangsu Province . To get there by public transportation, you can choose the following ways:

• For visitors arriving at Wuxi Railway Station (South Square), you can take Bus Route 82 from “Dongguangchang Public Transport Stop” to reach Wuxi Three Kingdom City.
• If you arrive at Wuxi Central Bus Station, you can head to “Public Transport Stop A Island” and take Bus Routes 1, 11, or 203, or go to “Public Transport Stop B Island” and take Bus Routes 30 or 77 to “Huochezhan (East)” (Railway Station East) and then transfer to Bus Route 82 to reach the destination.
• Visitors arriving at Wuxi Bus Terminal can take Bus Routes 60 or 712 from “Public Transport Stop C Island” to “Huochezhan (East)” (Railway Station East) and then transfer to Bus Route 82 to reach Wuxi Three Kingdom City.

Highlights of the Three Kingdoms City

Wuxi Three Kingdom City boasts dozens of grand scenic spots meticulously crafted to mirror the events and settings from the “Romance of the Three Kingdoms” TV series. These include the “Wu King’s Palace,” “Ganlu Temple,” “Cao Cao’s Camp,” “Wu Camp,” “Seven-Star Altar,” “Horse Racing Field,” and “Commander’s Platform,” encompassing a vast total area of 85,000 square meters. To enhance the visitor experience, additional attractions like the “Peach Garden,” “Nine Palaces Eight Trigrams Formation,” “Fire at the Red Cliffs,” “Special Effects Stage,” “Arena,” and the “Red Cliffs Ancient Trail” have been added over time. Visitors can immerse themselves in the Three Kingdoms era and imagine themselves as historical heroes in this captivating setting.

From 8 AM to 4:45 PM, Wuxi Three Kingdom City offers a diverse array of performances that bring the TV series to life. Visitors can witness iconic moments such as the “Oath of the Peach Garden” from “Romance of the Three Kingdoms” and “Yang Zhi Selling Knives” from “Water Margin.” Additionally, continuous performances of bell concerts and musical acts throughout the day add to the immersive experience. These captivating shows transport guests back in time to the legendary stories and characters of ancient China, making a visit to Wuxi Three Kingdom City a truly enriching and entertaining journey through history.

The Sun Shangxiang Restaurant in Wuxi Three Kingdom City pays tribute to the historical figure, Princess Sun Shangxiang, who played a significant role in the “Romance of the Three Kingdoms.” She was not only a princess of Eastern Wu but also married Liu Bei, the ruler of Shu, symbolizing an alliance between the two states. This restaurant offers an unparalleled lakeside view and serves delectable Jiangnan cuisine. In addition to local Wuxi specialties, it is renowned for its “Three Kingdoms Banquet,” making it a delightful dining destination where guests can savor both the food and the historical ambiance.

Ticket Recommendation: It is highly recommended to purchase a combined ticket for Three Kingdom City and Water Margin City, priced at 175 yuan. It is suggested to visit Three Kingdom City first and then proceed to Water Margin City.

Food Inside: The food inside is not recommended, so it’s advisable to bring your own snacks or meals.

Internal Transportation:

• Electric tricycle: Available at 100 yuan for a 2-hour ride, suitable for three people.
• Three Kingdom City yacht: Priced at 60 yuan for an approximately 8-minute ride.
• Boat ride: For a round trip between Three Kingdom City and Water Margin City (after 11:35), the cost is 25 yuan for one way and 50 yuan for a round trip.

Highlight: “Three Heroes Battle with Lu Bu” Show: This is the most classic and distinctive performance included in the ticket price. It’s recommended to catch this show. The performance depicts the epic “Three Heroes Battle with Lu Bu.” Even if you are not familiar with the story, the skilled equestrian performances and exciting fights make it worthwhile. The show runs twice a day at 10:00 AM and 3:00 PM. It is located on the left side after entering Three Kingdom City. Try to secure a central viewing position for the best experience.

Children’s Play Area: There is a separate children’s play area with additional charges. It features small roller coasters, thrilling water rides, mazes, etc. However, it might not be considered highly professional and could be a bit of a letdown.

Weather Consideration: It is not recommended to visit on extremely hot days. The weather can be scorching, and the continuous exposure to the sun can be physically challenging.

Liyuan Garden

Lihu Bridge Park

Wuxi Water Margin City

Yuantouzhu Scenic Area

Changguangxi National Wetland Park

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Xuchang Travel Guide

Xuchang facts.

Chinese Name: 许昌市 (xǔ chāng shì) Population: 4,982,400 Area: 4,996 square kilometers (1,929 square miles) Location: in the central area of Henan Province, east-central China Administrative Division: 2 districts (Weidu, Jian' an); 2 counties (Yanling, Xiangcheng); 2 county-level cities (Yuzhou, Changge) Area Code: 0374 Zip Code: 461000 GDP (2018): CNY 283.06 billion (USD 42.78 billion)

Famous China Hair Factory & Ancient Capital of the Kingdom of Wei

The city is situated in the center of Henan Province, neighboring Zhoukou to the east, Pingdingshan to the west and Luohe to the south. The capital city of the province, Zhengzhou lies 80 kilometers (50 miles) north of the city. Xuchang is 50 kilometers (31 miles) away from Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport . As the Xuchang Terminal was finished, it is convenient for people to transfer in the Xinzheng Airport. Xuchang is known as a China hair factory. At present, there are 300,000 people engaged in wig business in Xuchang City, and more than 300 kinds of hair products sell well in more than 120 countries and regions around the world. During the Three Kingdoms (220 - 280), the Kingdom of Wei (220 - 265) once set its capital in Xuchang, so a large number of relevant scenic spots have been preserved such as the Spring and Autumn Tower (Chunqiu Lou) and Prime Minister Cao’s Government Office. Besides, visitors can learn the history and knowledge of Jun porcelain which is one of the five famous porcelains in ancient China, belonging to the northern celadon. But different from the common celadon with pure color, Jun porcelain presents purple, red, blue, white and other colors after firing, very gorgeous and beautiful. 

Xuchang Attractions - Things to Do

Spring and autumn tower (chunqiu lou).

Caopi ascended the throne as the head of the Wei Kingdom in this city in 220. The city has abundant historic relics of the Three Kingdom Period. The Spring and Autumn Tower is a Ming and Qing style building complex located in the middle section of the Wenmiao Qian Jie in city downtown area. It was first built during the year of 1271 for the glorious general Guanyu of the Shu Kingdom.

Jun Kiln Site

30 kilometers (19 miles) southwest of Yuzhou City, the Shenhou Town was the birthplace of the Jun porcelain and is a principal porcelain producing area in North China. At present, in Yuzhou Museum of the Jun Official Kiln Site in the north section of the Guanyao Lu and the Jun porcelain street, visitors will learn more about Jun porcelain and its history.

How to get to/around Xuchang

Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport is only 50 kilometers (31 miles) north of Xuchang. The railway station of this city is in Yingchang Lu, in the southwest corner of the intersection of Yingchang Lu and Qiyi Lu. The bus station is conveniently located in the northeast of the railway station.  Thanks for the completion of Yuzhou-Dengfeng Expressway that makes it accessible to get to the Shaolin Temple of Mt. Songshan from Yuzhou City in one hour.

Xuchang Travel Tips

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Places to Visit in China for ‘Romance of Three Kingdoms’ Trip

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If you love Chinese culture, you must know about the famous historical romance, ‘Romance of the Three Kingdoms’. This romance, which portrays the turbulent era of Three Kingdom Period in the 3rd century A.D., has become a favorite story around the world and even made into various movie and stage play adaptations. Romance of the Three Kingdoms trip has become favorite travel plan for those who visit China, where people will visit places that are depicted in the romance or places related to popular movie and series adaptation.

So, what kind of places you can visit if you are also a fan of this romance? There are two kinds of travel plans you can do: visit to places that become background of the famous series adaption in China, and visit to places that actually appear in the romance. Both offer beautiful view and fascinating historical trip, and you will be happy to see for yourself places that appear in your favorite Chinese historical romance. Here are some recommended places to see for your Romance of the Three Kingdoms trip in China.

Wuhan City, Hubei

This is a very important city in China, a center of trade, education and tourism industry and also the fifth biggest city in China. Wuhan once ruled by the Kingdom of Wu, one of important kingdoms during the actual Three Kingdom period between 220 and 280 A. D. This city is bustling with activities and you can see a lot of interesting things and places of interests here.

Chibi (Red Cliff), Yangtze River

Everyone who knows the story of Romance of the Three Kingdoms must know the name of Red Cliff. Also known as Chibi, the cliff that is located near Yangtze River is one of the must-visit places in China for Romance of the Three Kingdoms trip. The famous war between the three kingdoms in the year 280 happened here, and people love to visit this cliff to commemorate the heroic Zhuge Liang, the main character in the romance, and also admire the beautiful view.

The Ancient City of Jingzhou

Jingzhou is also a place that became site of a great war between the three kingdoms. This is a beautiful historical city with polygonal protective walls, six entrance gates, hundreds of mausoleums, ancient tombs and many other historical relics. The tombs themselves are the resting places for descendants of Chu Kingdom families. This is a great place to visit for all the romance fans.

Wuxi, the Famous Series Set

The most famous series adaptation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms were filmed in a city called Wuxi, and many romance fans also love to visit this city because of this. The large studio in this city is also called Three Kingdoms City based on the popularity. If you watch the show, you will be happy to involve this city as one of destinations for your Romance of Three Kingdoms visit. Aside from the actual series site, Wuxi also has a lot of beautiful places such as lakes and parks. You can ride rickshaw or watch martial art demonstration at nearby Shaolin Temple.

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Shem MD is a young doctor who really has a passion for travel and food. He started his hobby of writing about travel and food when he graduated from medical school and became the founder of Travelfore.com . Through a blog created by him, he aspires to gather stories from people all over the world about their experiences in travel and food. He also was a true lover of the art of magic, musical instruments, and mind-blowing movies. And most importantly he is a big fan of Liverpool Football Club. The words often out of him were "Nomad is my middle name !" Shem MD also get Internet Marketing Fundamentals Practitioner Certification, Social Media Practitioner Certification, Content Marketing Practitioner Certification, Display Advertising Practitioner Certification from Marketmotive.com and a member of OMCP Organization. Shem MD also get Hootsuite Certified Professional and a Hootsuite Media Inc. Community Ambassador for Asia Pacific (ID) (Volunteer) Passionate in Digital Marketing, Internet Marketing, and Social Media. Specialties: Entrepreneurship, Business Building, Creative Strategy, Social Media Strategist, Travel and Food Blogging, General Medical Practitioner, Skin Care Business, Magic Props, and Concept Consultant.

The Three Kingdoms Period (AD 220–280) — Heroes Emerged in Troubled Times

In the Three Kingdoms Period (220–280), China was divided by three regimes: Wei (north of the Yangtze), Shu (in the southwest), and Wu (in the southeast). There were many heroes and talented rulers during this chaotic period, as the famous novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" depicts.

Three Kingdoms Period Key Facts

• Chinese: 三国时期 Sānguó Shíqī /san-gwor shrr-chee/ 'Three-Kingdoms Period'
• Preceded by the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD)
• Founding Kings: Cao Pi of Wei, Liu Bei of Shu, Sun Quan of Wu
• Characteristics: 60 years of separation, heroes, and battles
• Followed by the Jin Dynasty (265–420)

The Three Kingdoms' Start — The Han Empire's 3-Way Split

The Han Empire ended with natural disasters and rebellions weakening the power of the court.

There were also great court conflicts that ended in much killing of royal clan members, imperial eunuchs and officials, and their staff and guards. The last Han emperor took refuge with regional leader Cao Cao.

The Battle of Red Cliffs and the 3-Way Split

At the Battle of Red Cliffs in 208, Liu Bei and Sun Quan allied and beat Cao Cao . China was divided into three regions, but the Han Dynasty lived on tenuously in the north with Cao Cao.

Han Rule Ended — Three Kingdoms Established

When Cao Cao died in 220 AD, his son Cao Pi forced the last Han emperor to cede power. Cao Pi made Luoyang capital of his new kingdom called Cao Wei, and so began the Three Kingdoms Period.

In 221, Liu Bei named his new kingdom Shu Han, and in 229, Sun Quan took the title of the King of Wu, officially completing the three kingdoms.

The Cao Wei Kingdom (220–266 AD) — the Strongest Kingdom

• Established in 220 AD by King Cao Pi
• Succeeded in 266 AD by the Jin Kingdom
• Capital: Luoyang
• The 5 kings of Cao Wei: Cao Pi (220–226), Cao Rui (226–239), Cao Fang (239–254), Cao Mao (254–260), Cao Huan (260–265)

Cao Wei had the largest territorial area and the largest population.

Cao Cao United the North Under the Wei Regime (201–220 AD)

The Cao Wei regime had developed very fast when Cao Cao was alive, and when Cao Pi established the kingdom, its territory occupied the whole of what was then northern China.

Cao Cao was born in an official aristocratic family. When the Han Dynasty was coming to an end, he built up his army and brought other dukes' territories under his control. It took Cao Cao 7 years to conquer the northern area and unite it. The emperor of Han made him the King of Wei.

Cao Pi Established the Cao Wei Kingdom (220–226 AD)

After Cao Pi took over the Wei throne from his father Cao Cao, he suppressed internal rebellions and built up his army. He forced the last emperor of the Han Dynasty to give him his throne in 220 and named his kingdom Cao Wei.

The Wei Kingdom's Demise and the Sima Family's Rise

When the third emperor of Wei, Cao Fang (reign: 239-254), took the throne at 8 years old, he was assisted by Sima Yi and Cao Shuang. Cao Shuang was arrogant and even imprisoned Empress Dowager Guo.

In 249 , while Cao Fang and Cao Shuang went to Gaoping tomb to worship the previous emperor of Wei, Sima Yi went to Empress Dowager Guo and requested removal of Cao Shuang's family. He then led an army to defeat Cao Shuang.

Sima Yi gained much power and influence and his family grew stronger until it was strong enough to threaten the Wei regime. Cao Fang didn't dare to suppress the Sima Family.

Cao Wei Kingdom was Succeeded by Jin Kingdom at 266

Eventually, Cao Fang was deposed, after Sima Yi forced Emperess Dowager Guo to ally with him.

In 266 , Sima Yan (Sima Yi's grandson) forced Cao Huan, the last King of Wei, to abdicate, and replaced Wei with the Jin Kingdom.

The Shu Han Kingdom (221–263) — the Southwest Kingdom

• Established in 221 by Liu Bei
• Conquered in 263 by the Cao Wei Kingdom
• Capital: Chengdu
• The 2 kings of Shu: Liu Bei (221–223), Liu Shan (223–263)

Liu Bei Worked Hard to Establish the Shu Han Regime

It was not easy for Liu Bei to established Shu Han Kingdom. Liu Bei was one of the descendants of the King of Jing in the Han Dynasty era, but his family fortune declined. His father died early and his mother made money by selling straw mats and straw sandals.

He had a nice personality and made friends with many heroes and prominent figures. He built up his army with businessmen's sponsorship, but was still very weak. He relied a lot on other dukes' help, including Cao Cao.

In 208, Liu Bei got famous general Zhuge Liang 's help and united Sun Quan and Zhou Yu to defeat Cao Cao in the Battle of Red Cliff. He thereby won some territory. From 209 to 219, Liu Bei conquered more states and expended his territory. In 221, Liu Bei established the Shu Han Kingdom at Chengdu , and ruled for two years.

Liu Bei Lost His Best Generals

In 219, Liu Bei's general Guan Yu was killed by Sun Quan, king of the Dong Wu Kingdom. Liu Bei wanted to revenge Guan Yu, and planned to send another general Zhang Fei to conquer Wu. But Zhang Fei was killed by his subordinates before his departure.

Shu's Demise — Surrender to Cao Wei in 263

From 238 to 262, the Shu Han kingdom lunched 11 northern expeditions to attack the Wei kingdom. They won more than they lost, but the wars used up a lot of food, money, and human recourses, which weakened Shu.

In 263 , Wei invaded Shu, and Liu Shan , last king of Shu, surrendered to Wei. He was allowed to live out his life peacefully in Luoyang, Wei's capital.

The Dong Wu Kingdom (229–280) — Last of the Three Kingdoms

• Established in 229 by Sun Quan
• Conquered in 280 by the Jin Kingdom
• Capital: Jianye (today's Nanjing)
• The 4 kings of Wu: Sun Quan (229–252), Sun Liang (252–258), Sun Xiu (258–264), Sun Hao (264–280)

Wu's Establishment and Growth (222–252 AD)

From 222 to 225, Cao Wei launched three wars against Dong Wu but didn't accomplish anything. In 228, Wei attacked Wu again, and was beaten badly by Wu. In the relatively peaceful 24 years that followed, Sun Quan established the Dong Wu kingdom in 229 , and Wu prospered.

A migration of northern people south, and the subjugation of the Shanyue people, increased Wu's population and their agricultural production.

Wu's Decline and Demise — Surrender to the Jin Kingdom in 280

In 252, Sun Quan died and his son Sun Liang ascended the throne when he was only 10. From then on the kingdom of Wu headed towards decline.

In 279, the Jin Kingdom mounted a large-scale attack on Dong Wu and won. In 280, Sun Hao , last king of Wu kingdom surrendered .

Thus the Three Kingdoms Period gave way to the Jin Dynasty era (265–420 AD).

One of China's Four Classics — The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a famous semi-historical work said to be written by Luo Guanzhong around 1368 AD.

The author portrays the wars and the lives and struggles of the rulers of the Three Kingdoms Period. Special emphasis is laid on Liu Bei and Cao Cao. This historical fiction colors modern Chinese thinking about the era.

Tour Three Kingdoms Sights with China Highlights

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Three Kingdoms Culture tour

Day 1 Wu Hou Shrine of Chengdu

A shrine to the memory of Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, the Wu Hou Shrine of Chengdu is the only shrine in China dedicated to both a prime minister and his sovereign. Anyone who has a serious interest in Three Kingdoms culture simply must visit the shrine. There are around 47 clay figures of the Shu Kingdom, standing in two rows according to rank. Created by folk sculptors during the Qing Dynasty, these clay figures are a major acquisition for the shrine.

Address: 231 Wuhouci Street, Chengdu

Day 2  Three Kingdoms Culture Two-day Tour: Chengdu-Jianmen Pass Tourism Zone

Passage to the Jianmen Pass Tourism Zone is by bus from Chengdu Zhaojue Temple to Old Jiange County Seat. Jianmen Pass was formerly a strategic military pass, and the Ancient Shu Kingdom Roads run through it. The Jianmen Pass was built against the magnificent and precipitous 72-peaked Mt Dajian. With imposing facades, the mountain is a natural defensive wall, and is known as the Secret Key to the Shu Kingdom Roads.

Accommodation: There are several hotels near the scenic area.

Location: On the northeast side of Mt Dajian, the main peak of Mt Jianmen, 33km to the north of Jiange County Seat.

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Travel of Three Kingdoms Relics ～ Fuyang, Dangyang, Nanyang

Day 1 November 6, 2015

Day 2 november 7, 2015, day 3 november 8, 2015, day 4 november 9, 2015.

Xiangyang, Dangyang and Nanyang span two provinces, Hubei and Henan. Each of the three places has its own reasons, but they are inseparable from the love of romance of the Three Kingdoms. Xiangyang shuijingzhuang and Gulongzhong are the places where I have been for a long time; the hometown and Xushu Temple of Huang Yueying, the wife of Zhugeliang, are the places where the fans of the three kingdoms must go. Dangyang - the reason is a little ridiculous. This spring, I have been to Maicheng and Changbanpo. Unfortunately, there's something wrong with the SD card, not a single photo. Over again. Nanyang - the famous bowangpo and Xinye are the important places where Zhugeliang and Liu Bei won two victories with "fire". The story that happened here 1800 years ago is bound to be different. Enjoy the autumn in other places, plus the "sacred Tour" of historic sites, to achieve a Three Kingdoms heritage theme tour.

Beijing Capital International Airport

The first snow in early winter is ice and snow. After waiting for two hours on the plane, I finally took off and arrived in Xiangyang at noon.

On the first day in Xiangyang, it was dark and rainy. The next day when the sun, under the light rain. On the third day in Nanyang, it was very cold with light rain. The fourth day, Xiangyang, is sunny. In four days, some of the scenic spots I went to were not popular. What I wanted to pursue was related to these places. There were ten famous historical and biographical figures in the Three Kingdoms period: Sima Hui, Huang Yueying, Xu Shu, Zhao Yun, Zhang Fei, Zhou Cang, Guan Yu, Liu Bei, Liu Chan and Zhuge Kongming. I would like to visit and pay a visit to the scenic spots and places related to these people and stories, and visit the relics of the Three Kingdoms.

Xiangyang Liuji Airport

Xiangyang, the birthplace of prefecture level city, historical and cultural city, Chu culture, Han culture and Three Kingdoms culture in Hubei Province, has a history of more than 2800 years, and has been an important economic and military place for generations. It is known as "the first city in China, the Tieda Xiangyang, and the place that strategists must fight for". Xiangyang scenic spot tourism is characterized by Three Kingdoms culture, and many historical stories happen here.

Water mirror Village

[Mr. Shuijing and shuijingzhuang] Shuijingzhuang is located at the foot of Yuxi mountain in Nanzhang County, Hubei Province. It is surrounded by mountains and rivers with pleasant scenery. There is a stone tablet set up in the early years of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, with eight characters engraved on it: "Mr. hanshuijing lives in seclusion". Mr. Shuijing, whose real name is Sima Hui, is a famous recluse in the Three Kingdoms period and a famous Xiangyang scholar in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He was born in AD 174 and died in 208. He is known for his knowledge, education, recommendation and self-restraint. It is known as the "people's Guide", commonly known as "Mr. Shuijing". When Liu Bei was in trouble and passed by shuijingzhuang, Sima Hui recommended Zhugeliang and pangtong to Liu Bei, saying, "Fu Long and Feng Zao are the two people who can be safe in the world." Liu Bei wants to ask Sima Hui to come out of the mountain to help him. Sima Hui says he is a mountain idler and can't be used in the world. He refuses the invitation, so he leads to the eternal story of "Sangu Caolu".

Water mirror ruins

I was fascinated by the story that happened here 1800 years ago. The Three Kingdoms originated here---

There is no doubt that all buildings are rebuilt. What does it matter? The long-standing good news is eternal.

The existing Jianxian hall is the site where Mr. Shuijing recommended Wolong and fengzao. It was first built in the seventh year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, and then destroyed in the war. It was rebuilt in 1987. It is said that Sima Hui recommended two people in the recommendation hall.

It is said that Mr. Shuijing is here to have a night talk with Liu Bei. One is Mr. Shuijing who waves and talks about potential. The other is uncle Liu who presses the hilt of his sword and listens attentively. One is Lin quangao, the other is a hero in distress, the other is a sincere recommendation, and the other is a humble listening. If not for this long talk, how can Liu Bei get the help of Wolong and fengzao, and how can he get out of trouble and rise rapidly? It is "to be a virtuous man".

Protecting stele Pavilion

From east to west, there are Juxian hall, Sima Hui hall and Shuxue hall. According to annals of Nanzhang County, Sima Hui once gave lectures in Wuhou School of Xiangyang in his early years, then lived in shuijingzhuang in seclusion, and built a school of lectures to continue to give lectures. There were many scholars who came here thousands of miles. The Sima Hui hall in the Caolu is the main hall. In front of the hall, there are two pairs of "Jielu mountain villa, a man who has been loyal to the Han Dynasty, the dragon and the Phoenix". In the main hall, there are Sima Hui statues carved with white Chinese jade.

I love this statue very much. Mr. Shuijing's thin and angular cheek and the natural and unrestrained caressing of the piano are very "loose and crane shaped, with extraordinary air" and artistic conception.

Ju Xian Tang

The stone trough was identified as an object of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It is said that Liu Bei had drunk horses here. As for the patterns of "Kongming studies", they were engraved one after another by later generations. The stone trough was stolen and recovered. It is one of the treasures of shuijingzhuang.

This is the tomb built by later generations in memory of Sima Hui. This respectable sage, who "recommends Zhuge with wisdom and entrusts posterity with courage", is the founder of the later three parts of the world.

Huang Jia Wan

[Huang Yueying and huangjiawan] Huangjiawan scenic area is located in the western suburb of Xiangfan City, covering an area of about 9.8 square kilometers, not far from Xiangfan City and Gulongzhong scenic area, which is an important part of Longzhong Scenic Area. In the scenic spot, there are mountains and rivers, green forest, green grass, sparkling lake and picturesque scenery. Huangjiawan is a secluded and far-reaching mountain bay. It is the hometown of Huang Chengyan, the father-in-law of Zhugeliang, the famous Minister of the Three Kingdoms, and a famous scholar in Xiangyang. Huang Yueying's nickname is a Chou, Zhugeliang's wife, Huang Chengyan's daughter, and a famous talented woman in the Three Kingdoms period. The legend of a Chou comes from the biography of Zhuge Liang in the annals of the Three Kingdoms and the introduction of Xiangyang. The general idea recorded in Xiangyang is: the daughter of Huang Chengyan, a famous scholar in Mianyang, a Huang Wanzhen, who was famous only when he was young. Huang Chengyan recommended Huang Yueying's talent to Zhuge Liang and asked for a marriage match. Zhuge Liang agreed to marry Huang Yueying. It's said that Huang Yueying has yellow hair and black skin, but has a wide range of knowledge. Zhuge Liang invented the wood cow and the horse, which is said to have developed from the skills taught by Huang Yueying. The specialty in Jingzhou area is also said to have been made or invented by Huang Yueying. Nowadays, we can also hear many touching legends about Zhuge Liang and Huang Yueying. The "feather fan" in Zhuge Liang's hand is said to be the token of affection that Huang Yueying gave to Zhuge Liang.

Here is the famous Kongming eight trigrams array

Lunar calendar Temple

Love Valley

Huang Chengyan's ancestral hall

The drizzle is hazy, there is no clear vision, but it helps people to develop endless imagination -- on this path; before 1800, Kong Ming and Huang Yueying, who were both walking in the wind and time---

Looking at the statue of Huang Yueying, I thought of Zhuge Liang's table: there are eight hundred mulberry plants in Chengdu, and fifteen hectares of thin farmland. There are plenty of food and clothing for the descendants. I have no control over my body. I am always ready to eat and clothe. I have learned from my officials that I will not be able to manage my life in a long way. On the day of my death, I will not let you have more silk inside and more wealth outside, so as to defeat your majesty. Zhuge prime minister is so honest and clean. As the prime minister's wife, her life is not easy. It's amazing.

Xu Shu Temple

[Xu Shu and his hometown] Xushu temple - also known as Shan Gongci and Xu Gongci. In danjiazhuang, Nanzhang county. The temple was built in 1796, facing the South and facing the north. Both the front and the back courtyard have ancient and elegant features. After the destruction, there are 3 main halls and left and right veranda. There are statues of Xu Shu in the palace. In 1981, it was copied according to the "hometown of Han and Xushu" stele erected in the 17th year of Jiaqing. (from Baidu) When Xu Shujin entered caoying, he didn't say a word. Xu Shu became Liu Bei's military adviser by way of self recommendation, but was cheated to Cao Ying by Cheng Yu, Cao Cao's counselor. Later, Cao Cao's troops attacked Fancheng, where Liu Bei was stationed, in eight ways. At Liu Ye's suggestion, Cao Cao sent Xu Shu to Fancheng to persuade Liu Bei to surrender, but Xu Shu told Liu Bei that the army was coming to Fancheng, so that Liu Bei could make preparations early. Liu Bei wants to leave Xu Shu. Xu Shu is afraid that people around the world will laugh at him. He refuses because Liu Bei has Zhugeliang as an assistant. He tells Liu Bei that although he is in the Cao Cao camp, he vows not to offer a plan for Cao Cao. After "Xu Shujin Cao Ying" and the event of "Guan Yu descending Cao" evolved into the idiom "body in Cao Ying heart in Han Dynasty".

The gate is closed, and a corner of the courtyard is photographed from the crack of the gate. I think what should Xu Shu look like? ---

Xu Shu was born in Henan Province and left Cao Cao to live in seclusion in Jiaodong. So, this is where he used to live. Even if it's romance and legend, he failed to realize his ambition and loyalty for saving his mother and living in caoying. Worthy of respect.

Ancient city of Xiangyang

[Guan Yu drowns the seven armies and takes Fancheng] Fancheng, one of the oldest towns in China, is a famous historical and cultural city in the middle reaches of the Han River. It has a history of more than 2800 years. In 827 BC, it was named after King Xuan of Zhou granted zhongshanfu the title of fan, which had been changed several times. After the merger of cities and regions in 1984, Xiangcheng District and Fancheng district were established in 1995 with Hanjiang as the boundary. Guan Yu led his troops to capture Fancheng and sent Cao Cao to ban and rescue pound. Pound made coffins and swore to fight with Guan Yu. When it rained heavily and Xiangshui surged, junran came up with a plan to submerge the 7th army. He let the water submerge the 7th army, pound and Cao Ren. Guan Yu captured the two men alive in a warship, Pang De, and won the victory, and awed China.

Dangyang, a city under Yichang City, is located in the middle of Hubei Province, adjacent to Yichang in the west, Jingzhou Ancient City in the East and Longzhong in Xiangyang in the north. Dangyang was a state of power in ancient times. During the Warring States period, Dangyang county was founded in Qin Dynasty. It belongs to Nanjun County, with a history of more than 2200 years. It is one of the birthplaces of Chu culture. There are Yuquan temple, a Buddhist holy land known as "one of the four wonders in the world", Guanling temple, one of the three great Guanmiao temples in China, Changbanpo, Prince bridge, Dangyang bridge, Jinping Mountain and other three historic sites.

Dang-Yang Railway Station

Cold! Drilling through the bone seam of the cold heart! It rained heavily in the early morning. Although it stopped raining in the sun, the weather was still gloomy. Occasionally, it was drizzling. In the beginning of winter, I didn't waste any time to cool down from north to south in a large scale -- snow and rain caught up. Continue firmly.

Xiangyang to Dangyang by train, about two hours by car, I was the day of round-trip accommodation Xiangyang. Convenient and economical.

Dangyang, Juhe Bridge

Chang ban Po

[Zhao Yun and Changbanpo] From Changbanpo to tuanlin Town, Duodao District, Jingmen City, it is the site of Changbanpo, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, and the place of zhaozilong Xuanwei in the era of the Three Kingdoms. Here is the Jingshan mountain, the gangling area formed by the south of the East branch. It was called "Dangyang changban" and "dangyangban" in ancient times. In ancient times, this place was adjacent to yunmengze. Although the lake surface was later deposited as land, it was still flooded and watered in the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Changbanpo has been the only place for the north-south traffic trunk since ancient times. During the Three Kingdoms period, ancient Dangyang lived in tuanlin town of Jingmen, and later moved to Dangyang after six times. (from Baidu) In order to commemorate Zhao Zilong's achievements in the battle of Changbanpo, the authorities set up the monument of "changbanxiongfeng" in Dangyang for the world's reference. The monument was re engraved in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. In 1936, Dangyang county built Changbanpo park here to show the martial spirit of ancestors. During the Anti Japanese War, the monument of "Xiongfeng" was looted by the invaders. After the victory of Anti Japanese, in 1947, Dangyang county chief Hu Ziping re engraved the monument of "changban Xiongfeng" and restored the old system. (from Baidu)

Zhao Yun - Zi long, Changshan is a real person. Eight feet long, Yan Xiongwei, a famous general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period. At the end of Han Dynasty, Zhao Yun was elected by his county to join general Gongsun Zan. During that time, I met Liu Bei, the Royal relative of the Han Dynasty, but not long later, Zhao Yun left because of the death of his brother. Zhao Yun left Gongsun Zan for about seven years, met Liu Bei in Yecheng, and then followed Liu Bei.

In 208, Liu Bei was defeated. Cao Cao sent his elite to catch up with Liu Bei by riding a fast horse near Osaka. Liu Bei left his wife and children, took Zhang Fei, Zhuge Liang and other dozens of horses to escape to the south, while Zhao Yun entered the forces of Cao army to the North instead. Someone reported to Liu Bei that "Zhao Yun must have gone to Cao Cao.". Liu Bei said, "Zilong will not leave me." Sure enough, Zhao Yun embraces Liu Bei's youngest son, Liu Chan, protects Mrs. Gan and returns to Liu Bei safely.

Zhao Yun has been with Liu Bei for nearly 30 years. He has successively participated in the battle of bowangpo, the battle of Changbanpo, the war of pacification in the south of the Yangtze River, and directed the war of entering Sichuan, the war of Han River, and the war of Jigu, all of which have achieved very good results. In addition to the four expeditions, Zhao Yun also served as a general of Guiyang, a general of Yijun, a general of Jiangzhou.

After the battle of Chibi, Liu Bei was appointed General Zhao Yun. Zhao fan, the general who was also the governor of Guiyang, had a widowed sister-in-law named fan, who was beautiful in appearance. Zhao fan wanted to betroth her to Zhao Yun. Zhao Yun disagreed and said, "we have the same surname. Your sister-in-law is like my sister-in-law." Some people advised Zhao Yun to accept the beauty. Zhao Yun said, "Zhao fan's heart is unpredictable, and there are many women in the world." Later Zhao fan escaped by chance, but Zhao Yun was not involved.

When Zhao Yun pacified Yizhou, he used the story of Huo Qubing to persuade Liu Bei to return the farmland and house to the people. After Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were killed, he advised Liu Bei not to attack Wu, and later generations praised him as a Confucian general with the capacity of a minister. After Zhao yunshou's death, Liu Chan ordered him to pursue Zhao Yun as his posthumous title. Jiang Wei, after consulting with all the officials, suggested that Liu Chan pursue Zhao Yun as the Marquis of Shunping.

Statue of Zhao Yun's savior

Changban Xiongfeng monument. In ancient books, sakaka and Sakamoto, sakaka high is also known as Nagasaka or Nagasaka slope, which generally refers to hillside. "Po is Osaka. One is the barrier of the river, the other is the ridge of the mountain. " Changban, as the name implies, refers to a long and gentle hillside. (from Baidu)

This is the "Savior on his own" image in the center of the road outside the park. Changbanpo Park and statue of Zhao Zilong are located in changban Road, Dangyang. I think no matter where Changbanpo is, I want to know where Cao Cao is watching the war? Sitting on that mountain, looking at Zhao Yun, how about seven in and seven out? ---

No matter how different Zhao Zilong in the romance of the Three Kingdoms is from the historical record of Zhao Yun, there is no need to tangle in the end where Changbanpo is; people's respect and love for Zhao Yun is the same.

Zhang Yide's Spear

[Zhang Fei and Zhang Yide cross spear] Zhang Fei - Yide, the surname of Zhuo County, Youzhou, is a famous general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period. Liu Bei's defeat of Changbanpo, Zhang Fei's breaking of the bridge according to the water, Cao Jun's no one dare to approach; Yan Yan's free interpretation when he swept Xichuan with Zhugeliang and Zhao Yun; Zhang Ying's defeat in the middle of Han Dynasty made great contribution to the Shu Han Dynasty, and he was killed by fan Qiang and Zhang Da. The posthumous posthumous posthumous title was "Hou Huan". Zhang Fei is famous for his bravery, recklessness and hatred of evil. Although this image mainly comes from folk art such as novels and dramas, it has been deeply rooted in people's hearts. In the 208's of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao chased Liu Bei to this place. Zhang Fei, with a snake spear in his hand, immediately mounted the bridge and shouted, "Zhang Yide, the Yanren, is here. Who dares to fight to the death?" The sound was like a huge thunder, which cut off the water from the bridge and scared Cao Cao to turn his horse and walk away. Xia Houjie was killed on the spot. The generals also fled West together. Countless people abandoned their guns and lost their helmets. There is a poem: "the bridge of changban is full of murderous Qi, and the horizontal gun immediately opens its eyes.". One sound is like a thunderclap, leaving Cao's family alone with a million soldiers. "It has become an interesting story for thousands of years. The stele of zhangfei Hengmao is located in the northwest of Baling village, Dangyang, at the intersection of 213 County Road and Chezhan Road. The stele was erected by the descendants of Zhang family in 1731 of the Qing Dynasty.

There is a snack vendor in the wind and rain Pavilion. I took a picture and left humbly. The back of the stone tablet was stacked with cartons. I didn't have a good idea to move them away. I didn't take photos.

Standing here, imagining - ---- Mr. Zhang, who is full of angry eyes and roars like thunder, how invincible that is!

This path, from behind Zhang Fei's spear to the north, is planted again in recent years.

This road is Zhang Fei facing the road. It's the Changbanpo in Dangyang from here. As for "drinking the bridge beam water back", of course, the river and bridge are not seen. Historians say that Dangyang bridge is not here. What happened 1800 years ago is unknown.

Zhou Cang Temple

Zhou Cang and Zhou Cang Temple Biography - the Duke Guan department, the surname of guanxi people. He was born in an unknown year and died in 220. When Guan Yu rode alone for thousands of miles, Zhou Cang surrendered to Guan Yu and became his bodyguard, the general beside him. In 211, when Liu Bei attacked Chengdu, Zhou Cang followed Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou. In the romance, when Guan Yu flooded the 7th army, Zhou Cang captured Pang De, the general of Wei army, alive. After Guan Yu was beheaded by Sun Quan, Zhou Cang cried loudly in the city of wheat and pulled out his sword to commit suicide.

Although there is no record of Zhou Cang in the annals of the Three Kingdoms, the tomb of Zhou Cang is also believed to be a meeting of posterity, but the local people have been proud of it for many generations. It's always true that people respect bravery and loyalty. Even if Zhou Cang is a hero representative who gathers the leaders, I still respect him.

Mai Cheng site

Macheng site Mecheng site is located in the northeast corner of Mecheng village, Lianghe Town, Dangyang, not far from Mecheng dam, which is the location of group 4 of Mecheng village. Guan Yu's defeat in Macheng - Guan Gong and his son were captured and killed here. It's a sad place that people don't want to mention, let alone visit. It is said that none of the dignitaries who come here are in office. There are often officials who come here after stepping down. I'm not a loser in my life, but I've been here twice to show respect. As we all know, Mecheng is the pronoun of failure, not much.

Go north along this muddy path--

Then go west and walk past several families in group 4 of Macheng Village--

The vegetable field in front of the house is lovely--

Carrots are very attractive--

Authentic rural scenery--

A family in Macheng Village--

Go north from the path beside the house on the west side of the family--

Through this chrysanthemum field--

Bamboo forest on the left--

After walking through the woods, in spring, there are purple magnolias--

See uplifted slope--

Turn around and see a stone tablet standing North--

"Maicheng site" is impressively engraved on it--

The only remaining earthen walls of the so-called "city" stretch eastward--

From west to East, walking on the path above the earthen wall--

The so-called "wall" is becoming more and more obvious--

Walk through the woods--

Ancient trees and earthen walls show the vicissitudes of life, silently witnessing the history here--

This is the South Road to the village. I walked around the site of Macheng. 1800 years ago, what kind of grudge did Guan Yu and his son get caught here? ---

In the distance to the East, it's Macheng dam. To the east of the dam is Juhe river.

Guan Ling Temple

[Guanling temple to pay homage to Guan Gong] Guanling - Guanyu lies in Luoyang with his head resting on the sun and his soul returning to his hometown. This is where Guan Gong lies. Guan Yu - a famous general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In the early stage, he followed Liu Bei around, was captured alive by Cao Cao, killed Yan Liang, the general of Yuan Shao, in baimapo, and was called the enemy of ten thousand people together with Zhang Fei. After the battle of Chibi, Guan Yu was appointed as the prince of Xiangyang by Liu Bei. Liu Bei entered Yizhou and Guan Yu stayed in Jingzhou. According to historical records, in 219 A.D. of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Quan attacked Jingzhou and occupied Jiangling. He sent his general to attack Guanyu, chased him to Dangyang, and killed Guan Gong in the face of cursing. But afraid that Liu Bei might be guilty, he offered Guan Yu's head to Cao Cao and buried his remains in Dangyang according to the rites of the princes. Cao Cao saw through the plot of the eastern Wu Dynasty and buried Guan Yu's head outside the South Gate of Luoyang with the courtesy of the princes. This is the origin of Guan Yu's legend of "lying in the sun with his head resting on Luoyang". After Guan Yu died, he was deified gradually, and was honored as "Guan Gong" by the people, also known as the beautiful man. In the Qing Dynasty, it was regarded as "the loyal God, the martial spirit, the benevolence, the bravery, the great emperor of Guansheng", the "martial saint", and the "sage of culture" Confucius. Mausoleum to imperial mausoleum. There are eight ancient buildings on the central axis: Shinto tablet Pavilion, Huabiao, Shifang, Sanyuan gate, horse hall, worship hall, main hall, dormitory hall and mausoleum. On both sides are octagonal pavilion, spring and Autumn Pavilion, stele Gallery, etc. In the front eaves of the main hall, there is a gold plaque written by the emperor Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty. In the palace, there are large statues of Guan Yu's father and son and Zhou Cang. There are bronze statues in the dormitory, and the tomb is behind the dormitory. In the stele Pavilion in front of the tomb, there is a stele of "hanshouting Marquis tomb".

Yuquan mountain temple

[Guanmiao temple in Yuquan mountain and the place where Guangong is famous] It is said that after Guan Yu's death, his body and head were separated, and his soul could not settle down with his body. Every night, Guan Yu's soul wanders around the shipyard of Yuquan temple in Dangyang, shouting, "return my head, return my head." women and children are shocked and their neighbors are uneasy. At that time, the abbot of Yuquan Temple persuaded Guan Yu. How many people's heads have you taken, and how many restless souls have you thought about after only five passes and six generals? When Guan Yu heard this, he was deeply ashamed. From then on, his soul returned to the mausoleum to restore the former calm.

In front of the earliest Guanmiao Xianlie temple in China, there is a pearl spring, commonly known as "golden dragon pool", which is said to be the place where Guan Yu, the general of Shu in the Three Kingdoms, became spiritual after his death.

In the deep valley of Yuquan mountain, this temple is located.

Pearl Spring in front of the temple. Pearl spring is one of the three major geysers in China. Su Shi in Song Dynasty called it "jade fountain", and Yuan Hongdao in Ming Dynasty praised it as "jade spring". If visitors sit on the shore, they will be as clear as jade and as sparkling as pearls. If they clap their hands and stamp stones, the spring will be full of boiling water, and the water quality will be sweet and mellow.

At the foot of the mountain beside pearl spring is a huge stone, the legendary Guan Gong sharpening stone.

Ruan Yuan read Tang Dynasty stele book "the first place to show saints" steles, set up in the mountains.

At the foot of the south mountain of Yuquan, there is a stone watch set up by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, on which is engraved "the place where the clouds of the Han Dynasty show their sanctity".

Yuquan Temple

[Yuquan Temple] It is one of the ancestral halls of Tiantai, a Buddhist holy land. It was once called "the four wonders of the world" together with Guoqing temple in Tiantai, Zhejiang Province, Lingyan temple in Changqing, Shandong Province, and Qixia Temple in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. It is known as "the famous mountain of three Chu" and "the crown of Jingchu jungle". It is said that during the Jian'an period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the monk Pujing married here. In the Southern Dynasty, Emperor Xuandi of Liang granted Yuquan the title of "Fu Chuan Shan Temple". The Sui Dynasty was changed to "Yuquan Temple". Yuquan temple is the largest ancient building in South China. The main halls of Yuquan temple include: Tianwang hall, Daxiong hall, Pilu hall, upper hall, Guanyin hall, tiantiantian and Yuhuangding, etc.

[Yuquan tower] The original name of the tower is "Buddha's Tooth Relic tower". It was built in 1061 in the Northern Song Dynasty to bury the relic granted by Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty and empress Zetian. It imitates the structure of wooden pavilion. It has an octagonal thirteen level, with a total height of 16.945 meters and a weight of 26472 kg. The tower is composed of underground palace, tower base, tower body and tower temple. Yuquan iron tower is the highest, heaviest and most complete iron tower in China. It is of great value to the study of ancient Chinese metallurgy and casting, metal corrosion prevention, construction method, architectural mechanics, casting and carving art and Buddhist history.

Other sceneries of Yuquanshan Park Yuquanshan park is very large, rich in natural and cultural landscapes, and all of them are free.

Ancient ginkgo tree ~ 1800 years old

Three round door

Nanyang is a famous historical and cultural city with a history of 3000 years. It is the birthplace of Chu and Han culture. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was one of the six metropolises in China, and in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was the birthplace of Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu. Therefore, it was called "Nandu" and "Dixiang". During the Three Kingdoms period, many historical events took place here.

Huang Qu he Bridge

The third day of the beginning of winter is the third day of my trip to Hubei. The temperature is still below 10 degrees. The whole winter has not been ruined. It has been frozen outside. Another kind of self abuse. Continue today, Nanyang City, Henan Province. Train back and forth, stay in Xiangyang.

Xinye county is more than 60 kilometers away from Nanyang city and about 90 kilometers away from Xiangyang City. Xinye site is one of the major tourist attractions of the national Three Kingdoms tourism line. Because of the wonderful description of the romance of the Three Kingdoms, it has great influence in China and Southeast Asia.

Nanchengmen Xinye

[Zhuge Liang burns the new field] Burning Xinye - from the 40th chapter of romance of the Three Kingdoms - Mrs. Cai's proposal to sacrifice Jingzhou - Zhugeliang burning Xinye. Zhuge Liang first set fire to bowangpo, and XiahouDun was defeated. Cao Cao led the army to attack Xinye. Liu Bei gave up Xinye and went to Fancheng to avoid Cao Jun. Cao Cao's department led Cao Ren's soldiers to Xinye. Seeing that the gate of the city was open and no one was in the city, Cao Cao led the troops to the city. When night comes, it's on fire. This is the first two of the "three fires for new officials". Cao Ren led all the generals to smoke and blaze. The soldiers trampled on each other and killed countless people. Cao Ren was defeated and took the road.

Of course, the South Gate of Xinye ancient city was rebuilt. Reconstruction is better than forgetting.

The ancient road of more than 2000 years is still the same. Liu Bei, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Xu Shu should have walked here many times---

There are still several old houses in this old street.

There is no hint of Xinye or nanchengmen, only the sign of this stewed noodle restaurant says "nanchengmen".

Han platform

[Liu Bei and Han council table] Han Council Hall - formerly known as the Council hall, the existing building is for future generations to rebuild, opposite to the county people's government. The rostrum was built in the Han Dynasty. After Liu Bei invited Zhuge Liang to discuss military affairs, the rostrum was built in a circle. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, because of repeated war, the Taiwan hall collapsed, almost abandoned. In the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the platform was rebuilt into a rectangle, 80 meters long from north to south, 4 meters wide and 5 meters high.

Liu Chan and Prince's Pavilion In the courtyard of Xinye Public Security Bureau, 100 meters away from the rostrum, the original building is called "Prince's Pavilion". It is said that when Liu Bei stationed troops in Xinye, the garret where Mrs. Gan lived was named "Prince's Pavilion" because ah Dou was born here. There is also a towering ancient pagoda tree nearby, which is called "hanging sword pagoda" by local people. It is said that it is the place where Liu Bei practices martial arts and hangs sword. During the cultural revolution, the prince's pavilion was destroyed and never repaired. In the spring of 207, Mrs. Gan of Liu Bei dreamed of a star in her belly. She was pregnant and gave birth to a son. She was named Liu Chan and her baby name was Adou. When Liu Bei abandoned Xinye, ran to Fancheng, and was defeated in Dangyang, the two wives of GaN and MI, and their prince, a Dou, were scattered by the disordered army. Zhao Yun rode alone and killed him, saving him from the 100000 Cao army. After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang devoted himself to helping Liu Chan to inherit the Han Dynasty, but Liu Chan had no ambition and was happy to forget Shu, and finally lost the Han Dynasty. There is a statue of Liu Chan in the former Prince's pavilion, sitting on the wall, with a thoughtful look. This is the meaning that people take Liu Chan's face to see their parents and villagers, and regret their own incompetence and immorality. Around the attic are painted stories of Mrs. Gan's dream, birth of a Dou, Zhao Yunjiu and Liu Chan.

Han sang City

[not the city of hansang] This is the smallest and most peculiar city in the world, covering an area of more than 10 square meters, with a height of 2.7 meters. There is no gate, no tower, only battlements. In the Ming Dynasty, the local government built a circle of castle like walls for the ancient mulberry, hence the name "Han mulberry city".

This place is called "city". There are two thousand year old Han mulberry trees in the building, one is called "Guanzhi mulberry" and the other is called "Guansu mulberry". After thousands of years of vicissitudes and legendary Han Dynasty, these two trees are regarded as "sacred trees" by local people for protection.

It is said that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Guanzhang and Taoyuan formed an alliance to garrison Xinye, and Zhugeliang was invited to be the military division. Zhuge Liang was generous, benevolent, loving the people, strict in discipline, and deeply supported by the people. One day, Guan Yunchang ignored the horse tied to the mulberry tree in front of the door because he was reading the book of war. The horse chewed the mulberry tree of the landlord. When Zhu Geliang learned about this, he immediately treated Guan Yunchang's crime and punished him to plant another mulberry tree as compensation to the landlord. It was said that the mulberry tree was planted by Guan Yu.

Bowangpo site in the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms Bowangpo site is located 30 kilometers southwest of Fangcheng County, Nanyang city. It is surrounded by Funiu Mountain in the north, Yinshan Mountain in the South and Baihe River in the West. It is the Mangang where Funiu Mountain extends. The terrain is dangerous. It is the thoroughfare of the ancient "Xianghan pass". It is a place for strategists to fight for. The site is now in the southwest of Bowang village. Zhang Qian, a diplomat and explorer from Bowang town to the western regions, has twice sent to the western regions. He has made outstanding contributions. He was named "Bowang Hou" by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He took the meaning of "broad vision" and got it. The first battle after Kong Ming's rise to the mountain was the decline of the Han Dynasty and the confrontation of the Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang made a small plan to defeat Cao's army with fire attack in bowangpo, which finally convinced Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others, while Liu Bei won a victory never before. This is the ancient battlefield of bowangpo in the Three Kingdoms. In fact, it was not Zhuge Liang's but Liu Bei's that set Bo Wang Po on fire in 202. In 202, Zhuge Liang was still in Nanyang lying Longgang farming Longmu. In 207, he was invited out by Liu Bei.

Bowangpo stone tablet

The ancient zheze of the Three Kingdoms is more than 1800 years old.

Introduction of ancient Zheshu in the Three Kingdoms

Grey sky, drizzle. Suddenly I think of Mr. Yu Qiuyu's description of the ancient trees: "the branches are twisty and vigorous, black and full of wrinkles of the years. Looking at the branches, they seem to have withered away, but here they stretch the pathetic historical shape. On the top of such branches, suddenly there are so many fresh lives, hypocritical and transparent---

Baiye Park Nanyang

Words followed the foreword - Zhuge Liang's second fire. When the fire broke out in Xinye, Cao Ren led all the generals to find their way and ran. A cry came from behind. Zhao Yun led the army to fight and the defeated army fled for their lives. Cao Ren was defeated and took his way to Baihe. Guan Yunchang stopped the river with a cloth bag in the upper stream and saw the fire in Xinye. He ordered the soldiers to hold the cloth bag together. The water was so strong that they rushed down the river. Cao Jun drowned in the water. 1800 years ago, the White River was also an ancient battlefield.

Nanyang Wuhou Temple

[visiting Zhuge Nanyang Wuhou Temple] Nanyang Wuhou Temple is located on WoLonggang in the west of Nanyang city. It was first built in the Wei and Jin Dynasties and flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties. It has a history of more than 1800 years. It is the place where Zhugeliang, a famous statesman and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period, devoted himself to cultivation and seclusion for ten years and offered sacrifices to Zhugeliang in successive dynasties. It is also the place where Liu Bei, the emperor of hanzhaolie, once called "Sangu moulu" and the birthplace of "three parts of the world" and "grassland countermeasures" in history. In A.D. 234, Zhuge Liang died of illness due to his hard work. "Reminiscence of the Li people" is the reason why the Shu Kingdom held a grand sacrificial activity on the WoLonggang where Zhugeliang had lived for ten years. Since then, Nanyang WoLonggang has the earliest memorial building zhuge'an. Zhuge Caolu in Tang Dynasty is famous all over the world. Li Bai, the poet, once praised it heartily: "when it comes to Nanyang, the ridges and acres are cultivated by himself, the fish and water are combined, and the wind and the clouds are everywhere.".

Since the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhugeliang had no rivals in "three generations of talents left behind". After the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Zhugeliang was the first outstanding talent.

Great Hall of worship

For more than a thousand years, Nanyang and Xiangyang have been arguing about where Zhuge Liang's farming was and where Liu Bei's "Sangumaolu" was. During the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, the dispute reached the court. At that time, Gu Jiafan, who was once the editor of the Imperial Academy and the governor of Nanyang, wrote this well-known couplet to settle this long-standing dispute, as shown in the following two pictures:

The first couplet in the Central Plains: the heart is in the court, no matter whether it is the first leader or the second leader, the second couplet: why is it necessary to distinguish Nanyang from Xiangyang. This is the famous Nanxiang Federation.

There is also a couplet beside Nanxiang couplet that "the heart is in the people's mind, no matter what is important or small; why should there be more or less competition for profits under the heaven". In September 1958, when Hu Yaobang, then the first Secretary of the Communist Youth League Central Committee, visited Nanyang, he saw the couplet written by Gu Jiaheng, the governor of the Qing Dynasty. After that, he improvised the couplet according to the pingze and antithesis of "Nanxiang" couplet. He said that the majority of young people and cadres, like Zhu Geliang, devoted themselves to the interests of the country and the people.

Zhuge cottage

Ancient cypress Pavilion - according to historical records, there is an old cypress tree in the ancient cypress Pavilion, which is connected with the sky and the dragon like twigs. It was planted by Zhuge Liang himself when he lived in WoLonggang. Later, people built pavilions in this place to commemorate him.

Cottage pair

San Gu Tang

Longmen wall

Han stele Pavilion

Yue Fei's postscript after the inscription of "leaving the teacher's watch" reads: "Shaoxing, before the autumn and August, visited Wuhou Temple in Nanyang. When it rained, he stayed in the temple. A deeper candlelight, a closer look at the temple between the walls, the poems and the two stone inscriptions in front of the temple, I don't feel tears like rain. It's night, but I don't sleep. I sit there waiting for the day. The Taoist presents his honor and finishes his work. He leaves the paper lingering in his mind. He flicks his tears and leaves his pen. He doesn't care about his work. He is a little comfortable in his heart and ears. Yue Fei knows it together. "

Zhuge Liang's leaving the teacher's Watch Zhuge Liang, a famous statesman and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period, wrote the memorial to Liu Chan before and after the northern expedition in 227 and 228 A.D. The two expressions are simple, rigorous in structure, profound in content and sincere in speech. It also points out the historical lessons of the rise and fall of the Han Dynasty, and the important significance of "Pro virtuous officials, far villains" to the rise and fall of the Han Dynasty. In the end, the author recounts Liu Bei's gratitude and deep feelings for loneliness, and Zhuge Liang's loyalty and devotion to the country in order to revive the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang's loyalty to the Han Dynasty is also throughout the whole paper. Therefore, the two tables still show a kind of indomitable courage. This loyalty to the country and deep sincere feelings have touched many Chinese people, and become the eternal "list of teachers left behind, which makes people look at it with tears" Famous article. (from Baidu)

Gulong Zhong

[pay a visit to the Wuhou Temple of Kongming Longzhong] Longzhong - also known as the ancient Longzhong, is about 20 li away from the west of Xiangyang City. "The mountain is not high and elegant; the water is not deep and clear; the land is not wide and flat; the forest is not large and lush; the crane is close to each other and the pine and bamboo are green." this is the description of Longzhong in the romance of the Three Kingdoms. It has a history of more than 1800 years. Zhuge Liang's "Gonggeng Longmu" and Liu Bei's "Sangumaolu" led to the "Longzhong strategy", which is known as the cradle of the wise and the source of the three parts of the world. In the rolling mountains, suddenly there is a mountain "rising in the middle", facing the Han River in the north, the forest spring is deep and beautiful, this place is ancient Longzhong. Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu in the Three Kingdoms, once lived here, and ended his reclusive life here. He was born to assist Liu Bei in his career of seizing the world. The place is famous for its people. In ancient times, Zhuge Liang has become a resort of "lasting for thousands of years" and "eternal peace". In his youth (17-27 years old), Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion here with his uncle Gonggeng. Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion here for 10 years. Later, Liu Bei invited Zhuge Liang to leave the mountain. In the winter of 207 to the spring of 208, Liu Bei, who was stationed in Xinye at that time, visited Zhuge Liang for three times at the suggestion of Xu Shu, but until the third time, Zhuge Liang analyzed the world situation for Liu Bei and proposed to take Jingzhou as his home first, then Yizhou as his tripod and then the Central Plains as his strategic plan. It can be said that Longzhong is the source of the Three Kingdoms culture.

Longzhong Scenic Spot originated in the Western Jin Dynasty. In Ming Dynasty, there were ten sceneries in Longzhong, including caoluting, gonggengtian, sangutang, xiaohongqiao, liujiaojing, Wuhou Temple, banyuexi, laolongdong, liangfuyan and baoxishi. Later, many scenic spots such as Longzhong academy, Zhuge caoluting, Yinxiao mountain manor, tonggutai, longlang, star watching platform, chessboard stone, Qintai, peacock village and Houshan were built or built successively.

Ancient Longzhong stone archway

Long Zhong Road

Statue of Zhuge Liang

Long Zhong Academy

Knee holding

Tonggu platform

Xiaohongqiao is the bridge that Zhu Geliang must pass when he is living in Longzhong.

Temple of Marquis

The hexagonal well is a well for living when Zhuge Liang lived in Longzhong in seclusion.

At the top of the mountain is the "Tenglong Pavilion", with Cableways up and down. I think "Longzhong" is named after this mountain? ---

Zhugeliang temple between gonggengtian and Leshan and Longshan has a field of more than 100 mu. In those years, Zhugeliang cultivated Longmu here.

Kong Mingqintang

Laolongdong ~ is a karst cave with spring water. Zhugeliang used to cultivate Longmu in those years, which was used for irrigation.

Deep middle reaches

WoLonggang peak. Xiangyang people said that when Zhuge Liang married Huang Yueying, he went over three mountains and took the bride home. I think, is it from here all the way west? ---

Xiaobeimen Wharf

Xiangyang, Hanjiang

Zhugeliang square

This article is just a travel note. If there is any defect in the relevant history, please correct it.

Crowne Plaza Xiangyang

The trip to Xiangyang, which has been brewing for a long time, has finally come to a successful end in the beginning of the winter of the year.

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Japanese youth explores Three Kingdoms culture in Sichuan

Japanese youth Futoshi Yagi, who loves the Three Kingdoms culture, embarks on a journey to discover the heritages and ruins from the Three Kingdoms period (AD 220-280) in Southwest China's Sichuan province. Watch the video to find out which places he explores and his reflections and emotions throughout the journey.

The video is provided by the Inspiration Team

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Moscow metro to be more tourist-friendly

A new floor sign system at the Moscow metro's Pushkinskaya station. Source: Vladimir Pesnya / RIA Novosti

For many years now, Moscow has lagged behind St. Petersburg when it comes to making life easy for tourists, especially where getting around the city is concerned. Whereas the northern capital installed English-language maps, signs and information points throughout its subway system in the late 2000s, the Russian capital’s metro remained a serious challenge for foreign visitors to navigate.

Recent visitors to Moscow may have noticed some signs that change is afoot, however. In many stations of the Moscow subway, signs have appeared on the floor – with large lettering in Russian and English – indicating the direction to follow in order to change lines. Previously, foreign visitors using the Moscow metro had to rely solely upon deciphering the Russian-language signs hanging from the ceilings.

Student volunteers help tourists find their way in Moscow

However, this new solution has a significant drawback. “The floor navigation is visible only to a small stream of people – fewer than three people per meter. During peak hours, this navigation will simply not be noticed,” said Konstantin Trofimenko, Director of the Center for Urban Transportation Studies.

One of the biggest problems for tourists in the Russian capital remains the absence of English translations of the names of subway stations in the station vestibules and on platforms. The Department of Transportation in Moscow has not commented yet as to when this problem will be solved. However, Latin transliterations of station names can already be found in the subway cars themselves.

Finding the right exit

At four of the central stations – Okhotny Ryad, Teatralnaya, Ploshchad Revolyutsii, Lubyanka and Kuznetsky Most – the city authorities have now installed colorful stands at the exits with schematic diagrams of the station’s concourse and surrounding area, which provide information about the main attractions and infrastructural facilities.

The schematic diagrams are the work of British specialists from the City ID and Billings Jackson Design firms, who have already implemented successful projects in New York and London.

According to Alexei Novichkov, expert at the Design Laboratory at the Higher School of Economics, the design of these information booths raises no objections: The color solutions, font, layout and icons are consistent with international standards.

However, the stands do have some shortcomings. “Many questions are raised about the fact that the developers of these maps did not apply orientation to the north, and have provided layouts of the surrounding areas with respect to the exits,” says Novichkov. “A system like that is used for road navigators, but most of the ‘paper’ guides and maps are oriented strictly to north. The subway map is also oriented to north, so people may become confused.”

Muscovites and foreign visitors are generally positive about these navigation elements, with most of them citing the numbered exits from the subway as the most useful feature.

The fact is that many Moscow subway stations have several exits. One of the busiest central stations of the Moscow subway in particular, Kitay-Gorod, has more than a dozen exits. Previously, these exits were differentiated from each other only with signs in Russian referring to the names of streets and places of interest to which they led – making it easy for tourists and those with poor navigation skills to get confused.

Now, when making an appointment to meet a friend, instead of struggling to find the right spot when they tell you: “I'll meet you at the exit to Solyanka Street,” you can just propose to meet under a specific exit number.

“I’ve lived in Moscow for seven years,” says Angelika, a designer from Voronezh, “but I still don’t always know where to go to find the place I need, so the new schematic diagrams will be very useful. Previously, some subway stations had maps, but not with so much detail.”

Teething problems

Foreigners, meanwhile, focus their attention on other elements. “It is good that the new information boards have QR-codes, which can be ‘read’ by smartphones,” says Florentina, a writer from Vienna. But there are also shortcomings. “The English font of the information on posters and in the captions to theaters and museums is too small – you have to come very close to see it well,” she says.

Pleasant encounters on the streets of Moscow

Florentina was also dissatisfied with the fact that such posters are not provided at all subway stations: “When I was trying to find Tsaritsyno Park (a museum and reserve in the south of Moscow) at a subway station with the same name, it turned out to be quite difficult,” she says.

“There are no maps with landmarks for other areas, such as those already in the city center. There were no clear pointers in the English language, and the passers-by I met did not speak in English, so they could not help me,” she adds.

Officials say that the navigation system is gradually being redeveloped and improved. According to Darya Chuvasheva, a press representative for the Department of Transport of Moscow, the introduction of a unified navigation system will take place in stages.

“By the end of 2014, the system will first appear on the first subway stations on the Circle Line. By the end of 2015, we plan to install the system at all major stopping points, subway stations and transport interchange hubs,” says Chuvasheva.

All rights reserved by Rossiyskaya Gazeta.

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THE 10 BEST Resorts near Museum of Labor Glory, Elektrostal

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