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Hadith on travel as well as the etiquettes and manners of travelling in Islam

Know the important Hadith on travel as well as the etiquettes and manners of travelling in Islam. Find out the Intentions for travellers and Istikhara dua in English and Arabic with translation.

Performing Istikharah before travel - Dua in Arabic and English

By mufti shafique a jakhura.

Before embarking upon a journey it is preferable to do Istikharah (which literally means to seek goodness). Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) has mentioned with regards to Istikharah, “The person who does Istikharah will never suffer loss”

The method of Istikharah, is that if it is not a time of the day when Salaah is prohibited or disliked, one should perform two Rakaats of Nafl Salaah and thereafter seek guidance and goodness from Allah (Subhanahu-Sa-Tha'ala) in the form of dua. The dua of Istikharah is in the Travel Dua section.

While reciting this Du'aa when one reaches HAADHAL AMR (THIS MATTER) at both places one should ponder over the matter that one requires guidance on.

It is not always that one will see a dream guiding him towards what he/she should or should not do. In many cases a person just feels inclined towards a certain decision. Whatever the case might be, after doing istikhara one should act upon what one is more inclined towards after the Istikhaarah and by doing so there will always be good in the decision that he/she makes Inshallah. If one is still uncertain, one should repeat the Istikhara and also consult the pious, Allah fearing person and seek their guidance as well.

However, if one does not have the opportunity to do Istikhara in the above mentioned manner, or one requires to make a quick decision regarding a certain matter, then one should recite the following dua in abundance,  اللهم خر لي واختر لي , (Allaahumma khir li wakh tar li), meaning, "O Allah, Choose the correct thing for me and you make the decision for me."

It is permissible for one to ask someone else to do Istikhara for oneself. However, one should also do Istikhara oneself.

Any decision made after Istikhara will Inshallah be beneficial.

Making Intention (Niyyat) for Travel

The travels of this World are an example of one‘s travel towards the hereafter and are there to take lessons from. The objectives of these travels, amongst all other purposes, should always be to direct one‘s attention towards Allah (Subhanahu-Sa-Tha‘ala) and the hereafter. The best traveler is the one that takes lessons from the signs of Allah (Subhanahu-Wa-Tha‘ala) that he witnesses.

One should not pass by places without taking these important lessons from them. One should always be occupied in the preparation of the journey towards one‘s hereafter and hence, always strive to lead one‘s life in accordance with the Sunnah of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wa Sallam). As such, whenever the occasion to travel may arise during one‘s life, one should endeavour to follow the practice and teachings of Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wa Sallam). In this way, one would be able to derive the benefits of these actions in both this World and the Hereafter.

The Intentions of Journey

When undertaking a journey, many different intentions could be added to one‘s core purpose of the journey, thereby making a permissible journey an act of Ibaadat and worship and thus being rewarded abundantly even for journeys that may outwardly not even appear to be virtuous acts.

One should make as many intentions as possible. The more virtuous the intentions, the more the reward! Remember that the intention of a believer is greater than his/her action.

The following are some intentions that one could make for one‘s travels:

To meet friends and relatives, find out regarding their well-being, please them by visiting them and maintain family ties.

Travelling with the intention of earning a Halal livelihood and fulfilling one‘s obligations in this regard, e.g. that I will earn Halal wealth and thereafter discharge Zakaat, Sadqatul Fitr, Qurbaani, go for Haj and Umrah, provide for my family, the poor and destitute and in other meritorious avenues.

To acquire good health because the Hadith of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) states that "Travel and attain good health!"

To acquire the knowledge of Deen or to propagate whatever one knows of Deen to others if one gets the correct opportunity.

To help the community in any sphere of their lives if the opportunity arises.

To visit the sick, console the calamity stricken and those in difficulty.

To pay condolences to family of the deceased.

To move dangerous obstacles away from the road so that fellow road users are not inconvenienced.

To perform Haj or Umra. If one were travelling to a place other than the Haramain Sharifain, then too one could intend that one‘s travel is so that one becomes accustomed to travel to the Haramain Sharifain.

To visit the pious servants of Allah (Subhanahu-Sa-Tha‘ala) in the different parts of the World and learn from their advice.

To meet someone solely for the pleasure of Allah (Subhanahu-Sa-Tha‘ala) without there being any other objective.

To intend to make nafl I‘tikaaf in the different Masaajid that one will be visiting during one‘s journey and to intend to pray Salaah, make Zikr, engage in dua and to do good acts at the various places that are on one‘s route.

To learn about the conditions of the community and endeavour to assist in accordance with one‘s ability even if the most one is able to do is to make dua for them.

According to the Hadith, the dua of a traveler is accepted, hence, to travel with the intention of making dua.

To see the manifestations of the greatness of Allah (Subhanahu-Sa-Tha‘ala) by seeing different aspects of nature that have been created by Him in order to enhance His recognition.

In this manner there are many intentions that a person can make before embarking upon a journey. The more the intentions, the greater the reward.

Hadith - Travelling Alone

Translation of sahih bukhari, book 52.

Narrated Ibn 'Umar:The Prophet (SAW) said, "If the people knew what I know about traveling alone, then nobody would travel alone at night."

Hadith - Advice on travel

Translation of malik's muwatta, book 54.

Malik related to me from Abu Ubayd, the mawla of Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik from Khalid ibn Madan who attributed it to the Prophet (SAW) "Allah, the Blessed and Exalted is kind and loves kindness. He is pleased with it and helps you with it as long as it is not misplaced. When you ride dumb beasts, stop them in their stopping places, and quicken their pace when the land is barren. Travel by night, because the land is travelled faster at night than it is during the day. Beware of pitching tents on the road, for it is the path of animals and the abode of snakes.

Hadith - Hasten the return to his family

Translation of sahih muslim, book 20.

On the authority of Abu Huraira that the Prophet (SAW) said: Travelling is a tortuous experience. It deprives a person of his sleep, his food and drink. When one of you has accomplished his purpose, he should hasten his return to his family.

Hadith - Coming back to family in the morning or in the evening

It has been narrated on the authority of Anas b. Malik that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) would not come (back) to his family by night. He would come to them in the morning or in the evening. Another version of the tradition narrated on some authority is worded differently. It says: (He) would not enter (upon his household at night).

Hadith - Travelling for Knowledge

Translation of sunan abu-dawud, book 25.

Kathir ibn Qays said: I was sitting with AbudDarda' in the mosque of Damascus.

A man came to him and said: AbudDarda, I have come to you from the town of the Apostle of Allah (SAW) for a tradition that I have heard you relate from the Apostle of Allah (SAW). I have come for no other purpose.

He said: I heard the Apostle of Allah (SAW) say: If anyone travels on a road in search of knowledge, Allah will cause him to travel on one of the roads of Paradise. The angels will lower their wings in their great pleasure with one who seeks knowledge, the inhabitants of the heavens and the Earth and the fish in the deep waters will ask forgiveness for the learned man. The superiority of the learned man over the devout is like that of the moon, on the night when it is full, over the rest of the stars. The learned are the heirs of the Prophets, and the Prophets leave neither dinar nor dirham, leaving only knowledge, and he who takes it takes an abundant portion.

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Hadith: Travel during the night, for indeed, the land is folded up at night

• Virtues and Manners

عن أنس رضي الله عنه مرفوعاً: «عليكم بالدُّلْجَة، فإن الأرض تُطْوَى بالليل» . [ صحيح ] - [رواه أبو داود] المزيــد ...

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "c2" >“Travel during the night, for indeed, the land is folded up at night.” Sahih/Authentic. - [Abu Dawood]

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) guided his Ummah to travel by night. He informed us that the land is folded up for travelers when they travel by night, so they are able to cover more distance by night than they could by day. This is so, because a mount is more able to travel at the night. If it has enough rest and gained its strength during the day time, its ability to proceed is multiplied at night time. Likewise, a person is more able to proceed during the night when it is cooler and the same applies to cars when the heat on them is reduced.

• Virtues and Manners . Shariah-approved Manners . Manners and Rulings of Travel
• Hadith: The five (daily) prayers, Friday prayer to the next Friday prayer, and Ramadan to the next Ramadan, are expiation of the sins committed in between them, so long as major sins are avoided
• Hadith: Some people dispose of Allah's property wrongfully. For them will be Hellfire on the Day of Judgment
• Hadith: Do not insult the dead, because they have attained the fruits of their deeds
• Hadith: It is unlawful for a Muslim to desert his fellow Muslim for more than three nights. As they meet, both of them turn their backs on each other. However, the best of them is the one who starts by greeting the other
• Hadith: The one who severs the ties of kinship will not enter Paradise
• Hadith: The most hateful of men to Allah is the one given to fierce violent disputation
• Hadith: Whoever protects the honor of his brother in his absence, Allah will protect his face from the Fire on the Day of Judgment
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A Journey of Success: Sunnahs of Travel

• October 24, 2019

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The beautiful way of life of our beloved Prophet Muhammad ﷺ–through everything he had done, said or admitted–is considered a Sunnah. By following the sunnahs, we can make the conscious choices of leading a more fruitful life of intention, success and rewards.

Upon travel, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ had simple habits he performed to make his journey more beneficial and connected to Allah swt. Here is a compilation of Hadith pertaining to travelling, which you can instill in your life to make it your vacation more meaningful and spiritually uplifting, inshallah.

Sunnahs of Travels:

• The neighbour before the house;
• The travelling companion before journey;
• Learned (aalim);
• Well-mannered (of good character);
• Soft natured;
• Stick for scratching the back;
• Reward of Sadaqah;
• Reward of Nafl fast;

As-taudi ‘ullaha Deenaka Wa Amaanataka Wa Khawaatiima ‘Amalika“I hand over to Allah your deen, your trustworthiness and your end result.” (Abu Dawud 2:266)

And he (the traveller) should reply with the follwing du’a:As-taudi ‘ukumul-laahal-ladhi La Tudii’u Wa Da’i ‘uhu“I entrust (hand) you to that Allah whose trust is not lost (ie, Who does not lose his trust) (SK 2:267)

Also read the following Du’a:

Allahumma Antas-saabihu Fis-safari Wal Khaleefatu Fil Ahli Allahumma Inna A’udhubika Minad-dubnati Fis-safari Wal Ka’bati Fil Munqalabi Allahhummaqbid Lana Arda Wa Hawwin ‘Alainas-safara “O Allah! You are my companion in my journey and (after me) my guardian of my family” “O Allah! I seek your protection from difficulty in the journey and an evil return” “O Allah! Shorten the earth (distance) for us and make the journey easy” (SK 2:261)

Thereafter one should read the following du’a: Subhanalladhi Sakharalana Haadhaa Wamaa Kunaa Lahu Muqrineen Wa Inna Ila Rabbinaa Lamunqaliboon “Purity belongs to Allah, who has subjected this conveyance for us and we were not capable of controlling it and, surely, to our Sustainer we are to return” (SK 2:269)

Thereafter one should read the following Istaghfar: Subhanaka Inni Zalamtu Nafsil Faghfirli Innahuu Laa Yaghfirudh-dhunaba Illa Anta

“Purity belongs to You. Surely I have wronged myself so forgive me. Indeed none forgives sins besides You.” (Mishkat 2:268)

Thereafter, read the following dua: Allahummar-zuqnaa Janaahaa Wa Habbibnaa Ilaa Ahlihaa Wa Habbib Saalihi Ahlihaa Ilainaa “O Allah! Bless us with its fruits and create our love in the hearts of its inhabitants and love for their pious in our hearts” (Majma ‘uz-Zawdid 2:279)

• Prophet Muhammad ﷺ would not leave out the 2 Rakats after Maghrib Salah and the 2 Rakats before the Fard of Fajr Salah, whether at home or on a journey (SK 2:219)

More To Explore

A Journey of Success: Sunnahs of Travel The beautiful way of life of our beloved Prophet Muhammad ﷺ–through everything he had done, said or admitted–is

8 Essential Duas for Travel

Asalamualaikum

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40th Hadith - Be in This World As a Traveler (Bukhari: 6416)

الحديثُ الأربعون  

عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرْ رضي الله عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : أَخَذَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمَنْكِبَيَّ فَقَالَ : كُنْ فِي الدُّنْيَا كَأَنَّكَ غَرِيْبٌ أَوْ عَابِرُ سَبِيْلٍ. وَكاَنَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا يَقُوْلُ : إِذَا أَمْسَيْتَ فَلاَ تَنْتَظِرِ الصَّبَاحَ، وَإِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ فَلاَ تَنْتَظِرِ الْمَسَاءَ، وَخُذْ مِنْ صِحَّتِكَ لِمَرَضِكَ، وَمِنْ حَيَاتِكَ لِمَوْتِكَ

[رواه البخاري]

40th Hadith - Translation

On the authority of Ibn Umar (R.A.), who said: The Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) took me by the shoulder and said:

"Be in this world as though you were a stranger or a traveler/wayfarer."  Ibn Umar added:   "When evening comes, do not expect (to live till) morning, and when morning comes, do not expect (to live till) evening. Take from your health (a preparation) for your illness, and from your life for your death."   (Bukhari: 6416)

Brief Narration

There are so many verses in the Quran that make comparisons between the worldly life and the Hereafter. The priority and emphasis is made on the Hereafter where it is described as the real life and the worldly life as a life of nothing but entertainment and amusement. Allah says in Quran::

“And the worldly life is not but amusement and diversion but the home of Hereafter is best for those who fear Allah. Will you not then reason?"  

(Surah Al-An’am: 6:32)

And in Surah Al-Ankabut (29:64) , Allah expresses the same meaning. The same meaning is also expressed in other ayahs such as in Surah Muhammad (47:36) , Surah Yunus (10:26) , Surah Al-Kahf (18:45-46) , SurahFater (35:5) , Surah Al-Ala (87:16-17) and Surah Al-Isra (17:18-19) .

In all of the above mentioned ayahs, Allah draws the attention of the believers toward the Hereafter to remind them that it is the final destination and the real life and enjoyment of the believers. Allah also comments on this life as nothing but amusement and diversion. It is a life of a test and trial. It is a life used as a means of getting us forward to the Hereafter.

Following are the impact of this hadith on the life of Muslims:

• To increase the sense of responsibility in terms of our duties towards Allah, the Prophet (S.A.W.), relatives, and the community members (ummah). 
• To motivate the Muslims to enjoin what is good and to forbid what is evil. 
• To be closer to Allah at all times. 
• To minimize  weaknesses, shortcomings and sinful acts. 
• To maximize  self-accountability and self-reckoning. 
• To emphasize  'Taqwa' and fearing Allah the Almighty. 
• To be safeguarded from being misled or enslaved by self-interests, desires and worldly temptations.

One of the portion of the hadith means that today you may be healthy, but you never know about the future. It is then wise and better to perform good deeds and to be closer to Allah now before being unhealthy or before dying. This meaning has been stressed by the Prophet (S.A.W.), in other hadiths where he asks us to utilise our time and to do beneficial things whether in this life or in the Hereafter. We can relate to Imam Nawawi's other hadiths that have been previously mentioned in which certain charitable acts have been emphasised. 

Some Muslims throughout history misunderstood this hadith. Consequently, they misunderstood the Islamic teachings regarding dealing with life. They understood it in a negative way. We also find other Muslims who are affected by the challenges of modernity and the excessive tension that is given to this life. We find minimum levels of good deeds. They are overwhelmed by the advancement of technology and end up with little “iman” or spirituality. The Islamic standpoint that should be understood is that there is no conflict or opposition between this life and the Hereafter. On the contrary, Islam establishes harmony where a Muslim lives in this life but his heart is devoted to Allah and the Hereafter. Whatever he does is with the objective of pleasing Allah and is to be done in accordance with the teachings of Islam and the guidance of revelation.  

(Reference: Commentary of Forty Hadiths of An-Nawawi by Dr. Jamal Ahmed Badi)

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Faith and Travel

Do you love to travel?

To be a traveller, lost in the multi-dimensions of the world, takes adequate courage which comes from the Almighty. Leaving behind a familiar road in order to escape to a path of unknown is a strength that people overlook. Travelling is not only a privilege but a blessing in itself. Many of us have the luxury to travel while others are compelled to leave the country due to circumstances. In both cases, travelling can be an ultimate test of faith transforming your life into something beautiful. On the other hand, it can give you an insight of the opportunities you took for granted in the land you began with. In that case, even the flower buds of a new place tickles the memory of your home. Travelling has the power to make you think critically questioning the life you have been living. Regardless of the outcomes, it is safe to say that the reward of traveling can benefit you on this dunya and even the akirah.

The stories of a nobleman by the name of Ibn Battuta capture the dignified values of embarking on a journey. At the age of 21, this brave Muslim scholar of Moroccan descent decided to make the holy pilgrimage to Mecca. On his way, he wandered from one city to another for 27 years. From being attacked by bandits to recovering from illnesses, Battuta encountered many dilemmas. However, it didn’t hinder his motivation to continue, he claimed that “If God decrees my death, it shall be on the road with my face set toward Mecca.” You learn from the greatest traveler in Islamic history that the disasters of life should not allow us to be doubtful of Allah’s plan. If you are given the opportunity to travel or if you have no choice, you should place your trust in Allah and stay positive. Through your travels, you will share experiences with fellow humans forming bonds that will last a lifetime. Ibn Battuta, for instance came across many strangers that he befriended whom helped him out of difficulties.

In a decade where crossing the world only takes couple of hours, you should explore the extravagance of human nature. Putting aside your worldly passions to venture into an untamed jungle can set your soul free. Perhaps, you will pick up a habit that will change the way you use to live your life. Visiting Muslim countries and picking the habits of the believers can immensely change the direction of your faith. Waking up for Fajr in a country where the adhan can be heard for miles will become natural to you. When you decide to travel back to your hometown, your soul will yearn for that religious infrastructure. You will meet people that will encourage you to visit mosques for every prayer. When you travel back, you will seek similar brothers and sisters to accompany you to the mosque. Sharing Islamic knowledge can also benefit you. Perhaps, you practiced Islam wrongfully due to cultural traditions, traveling can break those habits as you acquire knowledge about the right ways to worship the Creator.

One of the five pillars of Islam is to give charity. Travelling is the best way to understand the concept behind that pillar. Some of us have the mentality that humans should earn their way up in society despite their situations. But, imagine travelling to a country where a person that looks exactly like you have holes on their shirts. The difference between you and that person is that Allah gave you the blessing of financial stability. Visiting such places will make you appreciate the carpet under your foot compared to the dirt under someone else’s foot. We have become accustomed to living a privileged life that we are desensitized to other people’s living standards. Charity is a pillar because Allah sees the poverty we don’t see. Yet, travelling is a way to open our eyes to the unbalanced world we reside in. Travelling will mold you into becoming a generous person. You will began to appreciate the flow of breathe under your nose you take for granted. Set your sails for a country that may the reason you enter Jannah.

Countless countries and islands make up the world we live in. It would be a loss not to travel to one. Choose wisely as you book your ticket. Who knows, traveling just might turn your life around for the best.

Want to know more about travelling the world and explore Halal-friendly destinations? Find reviews, guides and more at Sociable Earth here .

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Ruling on travelling alone

Publication : 01-09-2007

Views : 97390

Is it true that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade travelling alone?.

Praise be to Allah.

Yes, it is proven that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade that in several ahaadeeth, including the following: 

It was narrated from Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “If people knew what I know about being alone, no rider would travel at night by himself.” Narrated by al-Bukhari (2998). 

Imam Ahmad narrated this hadith in al-Musnad (2/91) with some additional material in which it says: 

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade being alone, for a man to spend the night alone or travel alone. 

But this report is regarded as shadhdh (odd), and it is superseded by the report of al-Bukhari for two reasons: 

(a)The report of al-Bukhari was narrated by nine of the companions of ‘Aasim ibn Muhammad ibn Zayd ibn ‘Abd-Allah ibn ‘Umar from his father from Ibn ‘Umar, all of whom mention travelling only and not spending the night. Only one of the students of ‘Aasim ibn Muhammad, namely ‘Abd al-Waahid ibn Waasil, mentioned the prohibition on spending the night alone. Although he was thiqah (trustworthy), the report narrated by many thiqaat supersedes his report .

(b)This is indicated by a similar report from Ahmad, although the narrator does not mention the specific wording of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), unlike the report of the majority.

Hence the editors of Musnad Ahmad (9/467), and Shaykh Muqbil al-Waadi’i in Ahadith Mu’allah (249), ruled that the report of ‘Abd al-Waahid is shaadh (odd), unlike Shaykh al-Albaani who ruled that it is saheeh, as stated in al-Silsilah al-Saheehah (60). 

The prohibition on spending the night alone was narrated in a mursal report from ‘Ata’, as was narrated by Abu Dawood in Kitaab al-Maraaseel (380) and Ibn Abi Shaybah in al-Musannaf (7/726). 

Al-Tabaraani narrated in al-Awsat (2079) via Muhammad ibn al-Qaasim al-Asadi from Zuhayr ibn Mu’aawiyah from Abu’l-Zubayr from Jaabir that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “If people knew what I know about being alone, no rider would travel at night by himself and no man would sleep in a house by himself.”  

But this report is to be rejected because of Muhammad ibn al-Qaasim al-Asadi, because he was accused of lying. 

The prohibition on spending the night alone was also narrated in some saheeh reports. It was narrated that ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No man should travel alone or sleep in a house on his own.” End quote. 

Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in al-Silsilah al-Saheehah (1/130). 

Imam Ahmad was asked about a man spending the night alone. He said: I prefer him to avoid that. Quoted from al-Adaab al-Shar’iyyah (1/428). 

It was narrated from ‘Abd-Allah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Aas that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The (lone) rider is a devil, two riders are two devils and three are a travelling party.” Narrated by al-Tirmidhi (1674), who said it is a hasan hadith. It was also classed as hasan by Ibn Hajar in Fath al-Baari (6/53) and by al-Albaani in al-Silsilah al-Saheehah (62). 

These ahaadeeth indicate that it is makrooh to be alone in situations where a man fears for himself because of weakness, severe exhaustion or hardship, or when he fears that the shaytaan may tempt him and mislead him. The benefit of being with righteous companions is not limited to help and support, rather the most important thing is that it helps him to remain steadfast and pious, for the shaytaan is further away from two. 

Al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar said in Fath al-Baari (6/53): 

Ibn Khuzaymah reported it under the heading; “the prohibition on two travelling and that less than three are sinners,” because what is meant by “devil” is a sinner. Al-Tabari said: This is a rebuke aimed at disciplining and guiding because of the fear of loneliness for one, but it is not haraam. The one who travels alone in the wilderness and the one who stays alone in a house has no guarantee that he will not feel lonely, especially if he had bad thoughts and is weak in faith. 

In fact people differ with regard to that and the prohibition concerning that is a measure of protection, but if there is need for that, it should be fine. It was said, commenting on the words “the (lone) rider is a devil” that his travelling alone is suggested to him by the shaytaan, or he is likened to the shaytaan in his actions. And it was said that it is disliked because if the person who is travelling alone dies on the journey, there will be no one who can take care of him; similarly, if two are travelling and both or one die, there will be no one to help, unlike three, because in most cases that fear will not be present. End quote. 

The apparent meaning of the hadith is that the prohibition applies to the one who travels alone via empty and remote routes. As for well-travelled routes, and those in which there is no risk of being lost, and where there are likely to be helpers and companions, there is no report that it is makrooh or prohibited. The same applies to travelling nowadays on planes, ships and buses, because those who are in them are all regarded as traveling companions, so the one who travels by these means is not alone in the sense that is forbidden. 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen said in Fataawa Noor ‘ala al-Darb (mutafarraqaat/al-adaab): 

This points to the warning against travelling alone, but that applies to journeys where the route is not travelled by many. As for journeys where the route is travelled by many, and it is as if one is in the middle of a village, such as the route from al-Qaseem to Riyadh, or Riyadh to Dammam and other such routes where there are many travellers, and the road to the Hijaz during the Hajj season, this is not in fact regarded as being alone, because many people travel by these routes. So a person may be alone in his car but he is not alone on the journey, rather there are people around him, behind him and in front of him at every moment. End quote. 

Shaykh al-Albaani said in his commentary on this hadith in al-Saheehah (62): 

Perhaps the hadith refers to travelling in the deserts or wilderness where the traveller rarely sees anyone. It does not include travel nowadays on paved and well-travelled roads. And Allah knows best. End quote. 

And Allah knows best.

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Home » Hanafi Fiqh » HadithAnswers.com » Harms of travelling alone

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Harms of travelling alone

Kindly explain the following Hadith:

Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Umar (radiyallahu ‘anhuma) has narrated that Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam) said: ‘If the people knew what I know about travelling alone, then not a single rider would travel alone at night.’

(Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 2998)

The ‘Ulama have explained that there are many harms in travelling alone, both to one’s spirituality and physical well-being.  Spiritually, for example, one will be deprived of a group in which he can comfortably perform his Salah or he could easily fall into sin. Physically, there will be none to assist him if he falls ill or requires any other help.

‘Allamah Tibi (rahimahullah) has mentioned that ’night’ was specifically mentioned, as it becomes more dangerous at nightfall.

(Sharhut Tibi ‘Ala Mishkatil Masabih, Hadith: 3893)

Due to the darkness, it becomes more difficult to see at night, and as a result, one becomes more vulnerable to hazards along his path. It also becomes more difficult to protect one’s self from attacks [launched both by humans and animals].

Mulla ‘Ali Qari (rahimahullah) has mentioned: “It’s possible the word ‘rider’ was used to indicate that a person travelling by foot would be discouraged even more so than a person riding an animal.”

(Mirqat, Hadith: 3893)

Note: This is merely an explanation regarding the aforementioned text of the Hadith. For further queries regarding the Fiqhi understanding and application of the Hadith, kindly refer to a Mufti/Darul Ifta.

And Allah Ta’ala knows best.

Answered by: Moulana Farhan Shariff

Approved by: Moulana Muhammad Abasoomar

This answer was collected from HadithAnswers.com . The answers were either answered or checked by Moulana Haroon Abasoomar (rahimahullah) who was a Shaykhul Hadith in South Africa, or by his son, Moulana Muhammad Abasoomer (hafizahullah), who is a Hadith specialist. 

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Harms of travelling alone

Published on 15 February 2021

Kindly explain the following Hadith:

Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Umar (radiyallahu ‘anhuma) has narrated that Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam) said: ‘If the people knew what I know about travelling alone, then not a single rider would travel alone at night.’

(Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 2998)

The ‘Ulama have explained that there are many harms in travelling alone, both to one’s spirituality and physical well-being.  Spiritually, for example, one will be deprived of a group in which he can comfortably perform his Salah or he could easily fall into sin. Physically, there will be none to assist him if he falls ill or requires any other help.

‘Allamah Tibi (rahimahullah) has mentioned that ’night’ was specifically mentioned, as it becomes more dangerous at nightfall.

(Sharhut Tibi ‘Ala Mishkatil Masabih, Hadith: 3893)

Due to the darkness, it becomes more difficult to see at night, and as a result, one becomes more vulnerable to hazards along his path. It also becomes more difficult to protect one’s self from attacks [launched both by humans and animals].

Mulla ‘Ali Qari (rahimahullah) has mentioned: “It’s possible the word ‘rider’ was used to indicate that a person travelling by foot would be discouraged even more so than a person riding an animal.”

(Mirqat, Hadith: 3893)

Note: This is merely an explanation regarding the aforementioned text of the Hadith. For further queries regarding the Fiqhi understanding and application of the Hadith, kindly refer to a Mufti/Darul Ifta.

And Allah Ta’ala knows best.

Answered by: Moulana Farhan Shariff

Approved by: Moulana Muhammad Abasoomar

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Insider Q&A: Avelo Airlines CEO Andrew Levy describes the challenges of starting a new carrier

It’s not easy to break into the U.S. airline industry, which is dominated by four big carriers and a sprinkling of other niche players, but that didn’t scare away Andrew Levy.

Neither did a pandemic that briefly caused air travel to plummet more than 90%.

In April 2021, while COVID-19 still raged and billions of dollars from taxpayers were propping up big airlines, Levy launched Avelo Airlines with flights between Burbank, California, and Las Vegas.

The airline saves money by flying older Boeing 737 jets that can be bought at relatively low prices. It operates out of less-crowded and less-costly secondary airports, and flies routes that are ignored by the big airlines.

Levy was involved in the launch of ValuJet, which became Allegiant Air, and he also did a stint as the chief financial officer of United Airlines before starting Avelo (it rhymes with yellow).

He spoke with The Associated Press about the challenges of starting a new airline, how the carrier is doing, and plans to sell shares to the public. The answers were edited for length and clarity.

Q: Why did you think you should start a new airline?

A: Shortly after I left Allegiant in 2014, I actually started thinking about about doing this. The market had become very consolidated, and there was a lot of opportunity that was out there that wasn’t being served by the existing, incumbent carriers. You have these four behemoths that are massive, that are protected by the government it seems, because certainly they’re stronger than they have ever been, after the pandemic. My view was we had room for more.

Q: What have you learned?

A: While there are these four behemoths, the toughest challenge, quite honestly, might even be the regulatory regime. For smaller companies like ours, it imposes these really substantial burdens on us. I’ll give you an example. For the (Department of Justice) lawsuit (against) JetBlue and Spirit, we had to go spend a ton of money on our end to produce documents for something that we really didn’t care how it ended up. And they’re trying to get us to do the same thing for Alaska-Hawaiian, which again, we could care less if Alaska and Hawaiian merge.

Q: How do you get people to fly on a new airline?

A: Number one, you have an awareness issue. You want people to know that you exist. So that’s one challenge, which is more of a marketing challenge. The other challenge is of course getting people to trust you. Like, ‘Who are these people? Are they going to really get me there? What’s the airplane going to look like? Is it safe? Is it reliable? What happens if something goes wrong?’ All those questions that most consumers may have when they think about choosing an airline that perhaps they’re unfamiliar with. You just have to focus on doing a really great job. Obviously not every flight is on time, but as time goes on I think people recognize that, hey, you know what? These guys offer a lot of value. We offer great convenience.

Q: Where does the name, Avelo, come from?

A: There’s no great story there. I wish I could tell you it was. It was a play on two words: velocity, which is swift in Latin, and convenience.

Q: Avelo reported a profit for fourth quarter 2023 but gave no details. Was that on a GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) basis? And how much was it?

A: We actually have cash that generates interest income nowadays. Those are GAAP numbers where we have audited financials from Ernst & Young. These are real numbers with no adjustments or anything else. I’m not going to give you the numbers because we are a private company and so we have no real need to provide that kind of information. I’ll tell you that we made money in the first quarter as well.

Q: You've talked about your cost advantage as a startup. Is that sustainable?

A: Most costs creep up over time for every airline because our labor costs are tied to pay scales, but it is very sustainable. It’s based on how we designed the business. We distribute our product directly to the customer so we don’t use third-party intermediaries. We go in to smaller, more convenient, less-expensive airports. Your taxi times are lower; you’re not burning gas. We spend money on things that matter, and that includes our people. Our pilot pay is very competitive. It’s not the same as United Airlines, but it’s extremely competitive. We operate older equipment also — midlife (Boeing) 737 NGs, and those are certainly less expensive than brand-new aircraft. They burn a little bit more gas, but not much, and we like that trade.

Q: Do you plan to sell stock to the public, and when?

There’s obviously two issues. The single biggest one is one we don’t control, which is when are the IPO markets going to be actually open and vibrant, and they’re not right now. Beyond that, we have to be ready as a company. We put two straight quarters of profits ... so we expect every quarter this year to be profitable. We hope that we’ll have a company that people would want to own, and hopefully by year end or sometime next year. There’s no magic to being public for us. It’s just that historically that is typically the best way to access the capital markets for companies like ours. It is a very capital-intensive industry.

Q: What advice would you give to somebody else looking to start a business?

A: There’s nothing more rewarding than taking control of of your destiny. Just make sure you know what you think you know about whatever it is you’re going to start. I think you have to be wired a certain way to want to do something like this because it’s unbelievably difficult. I’ve been at this now for almost six years. When we get to a certain point, I’ll look back and feel really good about what we’ve done. We’re not there yet, but we’re getting close.

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Despite a fortified border, migrants will keep coming, analysts agree. Here's why.

Sergio Martínez-Beltrán

Border Patrol picks up a group of people seeking asylum from an aid camp near Sasabe, Arizona, on Wednesday, March 13, 2024. Justin Hamel/Bloomberg via Getty Images hide caption

Border Patrol picks up a group of people seeking asylum from an aid camp near Sasabe, Arizona, on Wednesday, March 13, 2024.

The U.S. southern border is as fortified as ever and Texas is carrying out its own enforcement to stop people from crossing illegally, yet observers and analysts agree on this: migrants not only will continue to come, but their numbers will likely increase in the coming months.

The expected surge can be attributed not only to seasonal migration patterns, but an increase of people displaced by war, poverty, and climate factors in all continents.

And why do these analysts say this?

They keep a close eye on the Darién Gap in Panama and the borders between Central American countries, two key points to gauge the number of people venturing up north.

"In most countries (outward) migration has increased ... particularly in Venezuela, and that's not really reflected yet in the U.S. numbers," said Adam Isacson, an analyst of border and migration patterns at the Washington Office on Latin America, a nonpartisan research and advocacy organization based in Washington D.C.

Despite Mexico's cracking down on migrants, Isacson said people are still making their way up north, even if they need to pause for months at different points during their journey.

"There must be a huge number of people from Venezuela bottled up in Mexico right now," he said.

The Darién Gap serves as a good barometer for migration flows.

This 100-mile-long tropical jungle between Colombia and Panama has claimed the lives of hundreds of migrants, according to a report from the Migration Policy Institute, a Washington, D.C.-based think tank.

Yet the dangers at this jungle are not a deterrent, said Ariel Ruiz Soto, a senior policy analyst with this organization. The majority of people migrating are from Venezuela.

"The reason why I referred to Venezuelans in particular is because they represent a key challenge for removals from Mexico and from the United States to Venezuela," Ruiz Soto said.

Mexico and the U.S. had been flying Venezuelan migrants back to the South American country . However, earlier this year, Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro stopped accepting flights from the U.S. in response to economic sanctions imposed by the Biden administration.

Panama reported a 2% increase in crossings through the Darién Gap in February compared to the previous month.

Aerial view showing migrants walking through the jungle near Bajo Chiquito village, the first border control of the Darien Province in Panama, on September 22, 2023. LUIS ACOSTA/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Aerial view showing migrants walking through the jungle near Bajo Chiquito village, the first border control of the Darien Province in Panama, on September 22, 2023.

What the numbers show

Analysts are projecting the increase in the remaining months of the fiscal year, even though U.S. Customs and Border Protection reported a 2.2% decrease in encounters with migrants along the Southern border in March. An encounter is every time a migrant is picked up by immigration authorities.

These numbers are consistent with cyclical patterns of illegal crossings that dip in the winter months, followed by more migrants attempting to get to the U.S. as warm weather arrives, said Ruiz Soto.

In a statement, CBP Spokesperson Erin Waters said the agency remains vigilant to "continually shifting migration patterns" amid "historic global migration."

Waters said the agency has also been partnering with Mexico to curb the flow of people migrating to the U.S.

Mexico has commissioned its National Guard to patrol its borders with Guatemala and the U.S.

"CBP continues to work with our partners throughout the hemisphere, including the Government of Mexico, and around the world to disrupt the criminal networks who take advantage of and profit from vulnerable migrants," Waters said.

Where are migrants crossing the border?

For the last few months, more migrants are attempting to cross through Arizona instead of Texas, according to CBP.

In 2023, the El Paso and Del Rio sector in Texas saw more crossings than any other place across the 2,000-mile Southern border. But this year the Tucson sector in Arizona has seen a 167% increase in crossings, more than any other.

Tiffany Burrow, operations director at Val Verde Border Humanitarian Coalition, an assistance organization for newly border crossers in Del Rio, said she has seen the shift.

"It's empty," Burrow said, pointing to her organizations' office. "There are no migrants."

In March, she helped only three migrants after they were released by CBP pending their court date. In December, they helped 13,511 migrants.

Burrow said that's how migration works — it ebbs and flows.

"We have to be ready to adapt," Burrow said.

Texas Department of Safety Troopers patrol on the Rio Grande along the U.S.-Mexico border. Eric Gay/AP hide caption

Texas Department of Safety Troopers patrol on the Rio Grande along the U.S.-Mexico border.

Texas' role

Burrow and other immigrant advocates are closely observing Texas' ramping up of border enforcement.

In 2021 Gov. Greg Abbott launched Operation Lone Star initiative and deployed the Texas National Guard. Last year the state started lining up razor wire in sections of the Rio Grande.

Texas is also asking the courts to be allowed to implement a law passed last year by the Republican-controlled legislature, known as SB4, which requires local and state police to arrest migrants they suspect are in the country illegally.

It might be too early to know if all these efforts will have an impact on migration patterns, analysts said, considering that Texas saw the highest number of illegal crossings last year.

But, Mike Banks, special advisor on border matters to Abbott, said the state's efforts are fruitful.

Texas has spent over $11 billion in this initiative.

"The vast majority of the United States' southern border is in Texas, and because of Texas' efforts to secure the border, more migrants are moving west to illegally cross the border into other states," said Mike Banks in a statement to NPR.

Ruiz Soto, from the Migrant Policy Institute, said the impact of Texas' policies on arrivals "is likely to be minimal over the long term."

Carla Angulo-Pasel, an assistant professor who specializes in border studies and international migration at the University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley, said that even with Texas' policies in place, migrants are likely to continue to cross.

"You can't claim, as much as I think Gov. Abbott wants to claim, that Operation Lone Star is going to somehow mean that you're going to see less numbers in Texas because that hasn't held true," Angulo-Pasel said. "We could also argue that things are going to progressively get more and more as the spring months progress."

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What the New Overtime Rule Means for Workers

One of the basic principles of the American workplace is that a hard day’s work deserves a fair day’s pay. Simply put, every worker’s time has value. A cornerstone of that promise is the  Fair Labor Standards Act ’s (FLSA) requirement that when most workers work more than 40 hours in a week, they get paid more. The  Department of Labor ’s new overtime regulation is restoring and extending this promise for millions more lower-paid salaried workers in the U.S.

Overtime protections have been a critical part of the FLSA since 1938 and were established to protect workers from exploitation and to benefit workers, their families and our communities. Strong overtime protections help build America’s middle class and ensure that workers are not overworked and underpaid.

Some workers are specifically exempt from the FLSA’s minimum wage and overtime protections, including bona fide executive, administrative or professional employees. This exemption, typically referred to as the “EAP” exemption, applies when: 

1. An employee is paid a salary,  

2. The salary is not less than a minimum salary threshold amount, and 

3. The employee primarily performs executive, administrative or professional duties.

While the department increased the minimum salary required for the EAP exemption from overtime pay every 5 to 9 years between 1938 and 1975, long periods between increases to the salary requirement after 1975 have caused an erosion of the real value of the salary threshold, lessening its effectiveness in helping to identify exempt EAP employees.

The department’s new overtime rule was developed based on almost 30 listening sessions across the country and the final rule was issued after reviewing over 33,000 written comments. We heard from a wide variety of members of the public who shared valuable insights to help us develop this Administration’s overtime rule, including from workers who told us: “I would love the opportunity to...be compensated for time worked beyond 40 hours, or alternately be given a raise,” and “I make around $40,000 a year and most week[s] work well over 40 hours (likely in the 45-50 range). This rule change would benefit me greatly and ensure that my time is paid for!” and “Please, I would love to be paid for the extra hours I work!”

The department’s final rule, which will go into effect on July 1, 2024, will increase the standard salary level that helps define and delimit which salaried workers are entitled to overtime pay protections under the FLSA. 

Starting July 1, most salaried workers who earn less than $844 per week will become eligible for overtime pay under the final rule. And on Jan. 1, 2025, most salaried workers who make less than $1,128 per week will become eligible for overtime pay. As these changes occur, job duties will continue to determine overtime exemption status for most salaried employees.

The rule will also increase the total annual compensation requirement for highly compensated employees (who are not entitled to overtime pay under the FLSA if certain requirements are met) from $107,432 per year to $132,964 per year on July 1, 2024, and then set it equal to $151,164 per year on Jan. 1, 2025.

Starting July 1, 2027, these earnings thresholds will be updated every three years so they keep pace with changes in worker salaries, ensuring that employers can adapt more easily because they’ll know when salary updates will happen and how they’ll be calculated.

The final rule will restore and extend the right to overtime pay to many salaried workers, including workers who historically were entitled to overtime pay under the FLSA because of their lower pay or the type of work they performed. 

We urge workers and employers to visit  our website to learn more about the final rule.

Jessica Looman is the administrator for the U.S. Department of Labor’s Wage and Hour Division. Follow the Wage and Hour Division on Twitter at  @WHD_DOL  and  LinkedIn .  Editor's note: This blog was edited to correct a typo (changing "administrator" to "administrative.")

• Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
• Fair Labor Standards Act
• overtime rule

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5 Ways Rich People Save Their Money on Travel Expenses

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You’ve likely seen their amazing escapades all over social media: trips to far-off places, stays at luxurious hotels and gorgeous reels documenting their every move. There’s no doubt that the rich live it up with their travels — but according to experts, you can also take advantage of their money-saving strategies .

“I help very wealthy people plan their travel, and I see a pattern emerging in the types of tips they use to save money,” said Kevin Huffman, personal financial expert and owner of Kriminil Trading . “While they have a bigger budget than most, many of their techniques can be scaled down — sometimes way down — to most budgets.”

Here are some ways the wealthy save money on their travel expenses that you can learn from.

Luxury Needn’t Equal Costly

“Often, wealthy travelers seek memorable experiences over mere monetary expenditure,” said Huffman.

Instead of booking a large chain hotel, he said they might opt for a boutique, which is often quirkier, cheaper and more memorable.

“Instead of patronizing a massive tourist destination, they go out of their way to find local restaurants and cultural events,” he added.

He said this mindset of value over name brands is scalable for any budget. “Look for quaint local accommodations, and discover mini-moments of culinary enlightenment.”

Go Off-Season

According to Huffman, rich people know the value of timing.

“They often travel in the shoulder seasons — between peak and off-season — or in the off-season itself,” he said. “They can get flights and accommodation for a fraction of the price, plus the crowds at popular tourist spots are few and far between.”

He said the same strategy applies to budget travelers. “Find out which months constitute the ‘shoulder season’ for the places you want to travel to, and consider visiting places that are known for their off-season appeal.”

Rhett Stubbendeck, CEO and founder of Leverage Planning , advised the same. “Buying tickets during off-peak seasons is another trick that works wonders.”

“It’s not just about cheaper flights and hotels; it’s about enjoying your destination without the crowds,” he said. “At [my company], we always encourage timing your purchases wisely to make the most of your money.”

Use Credit Card Rewards to Your Advantage

“Many well-off individuals use travel rewards credit cards strategically to earn points and miles that can be used to reduce the overall price of travel, including flights, hotel stays and car rentals,” said Huffman. “You may not have access to all the rewards programs mentioned, but choose a travel-related credit card, as long as it matches your spending habits.”

He added, “Any rewards program, even small ones, will add up over time and save you money on future trips.”

Stubbendeck agreed and noted, “While the rich often use cards that give them access to fancy airport lounges, I’ve found great value in less expensive cards that offer similar benefits. They help me save on meals and provide a quiet place to relax before flights.”

Opt for Vacation Rentals Over Pricey Hotels

“I also swear by vacation rentals over expensive hotels,” said Stubbendeck. “Services like Airbnb have helped me discover unique and affordable accommodations worldwide.”

He said this approach isn’t just cost-effective, but it lets you live like a local, which can be a lot more fun.

Sign Up for Frequent Flier and Other Travel Rewards Programs

One thing wealthy travelers will all have done is sign up for their preferred airline’s frequent flier program. These rewards programs are usually free and don’t cost travelers a dime.

If you think it’s not worth it because you don’t travel frequently, that’s a misconception. On some airlines, simply by being a member, you will be the first to find out about travel deals and incentives. Hotel chains also will have rewards programs that are free to join and can earn you free stays and complimentary upgrades, as well as discounts on rental cars.

Being part of any travel rewards program is a no-brainer, according to experts. Once you are a member, you may find yourself traveling more often because of the miles you are racking up and the discounts you are receiving simply by signing up.

Wealthy people don’t pay less to travel, but they also know how to work the system to get the perks and the upgrades while keeping more of their money in their pockets.  

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