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Your visit to Cologne Cathedral

Opening hours.

Current information on the opening of Cologne Cathedral

Dear visitors to Cologne Cathedral,

from Tuesday, 9 January 2024, 1 p.m., Cologne Cathedral will also reopen to tourists in sections outside of liturgies. The treasury and the tower ascent can be visited again from Wednesday, 10 January 2024. Guided tours of the interior are already running as normal, while tours of the special areas (roof, excavation, etc.) will resume on Thursday, 11 January 2024.

The following applies to all visitors to the cathedral - whether you are attending a church service, are a tourist or part of a guided group:

  • Please be prepared for identity checks by cathedral staff when entering the cathedral, the treasury and the tower ascent.
  • Only small bags and rucksacks (maximum A4 size) may be taken into the cathedral, the treasury and the tower ascent. Wheeled suitcases, cabin trolleys, hiking rucksacks and other large items of luggage are not permitted in the cathedral and its special areas, nor can they be stored there.

We thank you for your understanding of these measures, which contribute to your safety.

Welcome to Cologne Cathedral!

This section contains the rules of admission for Cologne Cathedral, the tower, the Cathedral Treasury, and guided tours. Please note that we reserve the right to change the rules of admission given below at any time depending on the daily incidence rate in the City of Cologne.

Opening hours: daily from 06:00 - 20:00 The Cologne Cathedral world heritage site is, as a rule, open to tourists on working days (Monday to Saturday) between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. and on Sundays between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. and the tower narthex after the evening Mass until 8 p.m. Because Masses take priority, we reserve the right to change opening hours. Please consult our up-to-date Mass times page before your visit.

It is generally possible to pray or light a candle in the tower narthex during a liturgy.

Service hours

Masses at Cologne Cathedral are held at the following times: Working days (Monday to Saturday): Mass: 6.30 a.m., 7.15 a.m., 8.00 a.m., 9.00 a.m., and 6.30 p.m. Devotion: Monday to Friday, 6.00 p.m.

Sundays: Mass: 7.00 a.m., 8.30 a.m., 10.00 a.m., 12 midday, 5 p.m., and 7 p.m. Divine Office: 6.00 p.m. 

Please consult also our up-to-date Mass times page .

You have the opportunity to go to confession on working days. You find the confessionals at the chapels in the ambulatory.  

First Sunday of the month: Chapter Mass in Latin

Many Catholics whose native language is not German visit Cologne Cathedral and celebrate Mass with us, especially on Sundays. In order to ensure that they can pray with us and not just silently in their own languages, the High Mass at 10 a.m. on the first Sunday in the month is, as a rule, celebrated partially in Latin. The parts in Latin are the well-known texts that are used in every Mass. This means that all Mass-goers – whatever their native language – can pray together.

You will find the Latin texts and a German translation in the Gotteslob prayer book, Numbers 582 to 591.

Cologne Cathedral tower FAQs

When standing facing the main portal of the cathedral, turn to your right and walk towards Roncalliplatz. After just a few metres, you will see a flight of steps beside the south tower leading downwards. These steps are marked 'Dom-Turm / Parkhaus / Toiletten' (which means 'cathedral tower/car park/toilets'). The entrance to the tower is at the bottom of these steps.

March–April: from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily May–September: from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. daily October: from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily November–February: from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.

During the carnival season in Cologne, the tower is closed on Women's Carnival Day (Weiberfastnacht), Carnival Saturday, Carnival Sunday, Rose Monday (Rosenmontag). The dates of these days change from year to year. The tower is also closed on 11 November, Christmas Eve (24 December), Christmas Day (25 December), New Year's Eve (31 December), and New Year's Day (1 January) every year.

Half an hour before the tower closes.

Adults pay €6. Children, schoolchildren, students, and persons with special needs pay a reduced entry fee of €3. Families can buy a family ticket for €12.

Combi tickets, which give visitors access to both the tower and the Cathedral Treasury, cost €10 for adults. The reduced rate is €5,00. Family combi tickets cost €20.

It depends on how fast you can climb the 533 steps to the viewing platform (which is about 100 m above ground) and how long you want to stay on the viewing platform. We recommend that you plan in between 30 and 45 minutes.

No. It is neither necessary nor possible to make a booking or reserve a time slot. Just come to the ticket desk on the day of your visit. Children and youth groups must be accompanied by responsible adults.

Not usually, no. But on busy days when a lot of tourists want to climb the tower, there may be a wait.

No. It is not possible to make a booking or pay in advance. We apologise for any inconvenience.

Children may visit the tower with their parents if they are able to climb the 533 steps to the viewing platform (which is about 100 m above ground) of their own accord.

No, for structural reasons, it is not possible to install a lift on the south tower of Cologne Cathedral. Visitors access the viewing platform via a spiral staircase and a metal staircase.

Due to construction work, the bell chamber is temporarily closed. We apologize for the inconvenience! Yes, visitors generally pass through Cologne Cathedral's bell chamber, which contains eight of the cathedral's 12 bells, on their way to the viewing platform. If extended bell-ringing is scheduled before a mass (for example on Sundays and feast days before 12.30 p.m.) or in the event of maintenance work, the bell chamber remains closed.

Yes, the Cathedral Works Department offers special tours of the belfry on working days for visitors who would like to experience the ringing of the bells. Visitors taking this tour will be provided with professional hearing protection devices.

Cathedral Treasury

Visiting the Cathedral Treasury:

The Cathedral Treasury is open to visitors between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m. You will find more information here.

Guided tours

Please note the following:

  • No more than 20 people are allowed on each guided tour of Cologne Cathedral and the Cathedral Treasury.
  • No more than 12 people are allowed on each guided tour of the roof and excavation area. For these tours, visitors must be at least 16 years of age.

Tickets for public tours can be purchased up to seven days in advance in the foyer of the Domforum.  For more information, visit:  www.domforum.de/domfuehrungen

Tours of special areas (roof, excavation area, Cathedral Treasury, Cologne Cathedral at Night, etc.) are now open for bookings again ( www.domfuehrungen-koeln.de ). 

General information on tours in Cologne Cathedral All tours of Cologne Cathedral must be registered in advance. Only authorised or registered cathedral tour guides are permitted to conduct tours inside Cologne Cathedral. In other words, individuals, groups, and travel companies must book a group tour of Cologne Cathedral at the DOMFORUM .

Individual visitors may explore the cathedral by themselves outside Mass times. Tours shall be allocated to available tour slots. A maximum of 10 tours per hour and a maximum of 25 people per group are permitted in the cathedral.

For information about guided tours on the roof, in the excavations, in the treasure chamber as well as to the bells please contact: www.domfuehrungen-koeln.de

The DOMFORUM organizes guided tours of the interior of the cathedral. Please observe the regulations concerning guided tours of groups in Cologne cathedral. Unless otherwise indicated, tours will be conducted in German.  DOMFORUM

Guided tours in English Information on the next guided tour:   DOMFORUM Adults: € 10,00 Children and Students: € 8,00 Tickets for public guided tours (max. 12) may be purchased in advance at the  DOMFORUM  at until 15 minutes prior to the preferred tour. For participants of the open guided tour, the charge for the tour guide system (wireless communication system) is included in the price.  Meeting point: DOMFORUM

For further information or booking please contact:  DOMFORUM Monday - Thursday 10:00 - 12:00 and 13:00 - 15:00 Friday 10:00 - 12:00 Tel: +49 (0) 221 92 58 47 30

Important notices

Dear visitors to Cologne Cathedral, We are happy to welcome you to the Cathedral St. Peter at Cologne. This cathedral was built to the glory of God and is to this day, above all, a house of prayer and worship. The cathedral protects the precious relics of the Three Kings. By entering the cathedral, you acknowledge the following rules.

Domordnung Italiano • Chinese • Arabic

(1) All visitors respect the dignity of this holy place and refrain from loud talking or running.

(2) Sightseeing is generally permitted whenever no service is being celebrated at the main altar in the center of the cathedral

(3) Music and singing outside of services is not permitted.

(4) Parents or adults accompanying children or youth observe their supervisory responsibilities.

(5) Visitors respect closures and areas which are off limits to sightseeing.

(6) Cell phones etc. are to be placed in “silent” mode. Talking on the phone is only permitted outside the cathedral.

(7) Clothing should be appropriate for the house of God. Sleeveless or cropped tops are considered inappropriate as are short shorts or skirts. Men may cover their heads for health or religious reasons. Religiously offensive or racist symbols will not be tolerated.

(8) Food and drink are to be consumed outside the cathedral.

(9) Smoking, including e-cigarettes, is not permitted in the entire cathedral building.

(10) Persons who are visibly drunk may not enter the cathedral.

(11) Drugs of any kind (as defined by the Controlled Substances Act (BtMG)) are forbidden.

(12) Scavenger hunts etc. cannot take place inside the cathedral.

(1) Taking pictures without a flash and recording videos with reasonable technical components is permitted outside of services for private use. During services, it is possible only from one’s place. Respectful cooperation is to be observed in that recordings do not directly contain other visitors. Those taking pictures or making videos must, in any case, respect the dignity of the location and follow the instructions of cathedral personnel.

(2) Private “photo shoots” are forbidden.

(3) Recordings with tripods require the permission of the cathedral provost.

(4) The use of model airplanes and unmanned aircraft (drones) is not permitted in the cathedral or over the property outside.

(5) The publication of pictures or videos for non-private use — i.e. editorial reports, commercial and ideological promotion (including private websites and social media) — must have prior permission.

(6) These rules are excerpts from the regulations for taking pictures and recording videos in the cathedral. Please see the complete and concrete regulations at www.koelner-dom.de/fotografierenundfilmen .

(1) Luggage should be kept with you at all times. The owner is responsible for costs incurred by storage of luggage. Only luggage the size of a standard carry-on bag (max 55 x 40 x 20 cm) may be brought into the cathedral.

(2) Wheelchairs, rollators and licensed electric wheelchairs are allowed in the cathedral; other wheeled vehicles and bicycles must remain outside.

(3) Weapons (including potential weapons and CS-gas) are prohibited throughout the cathedral.

(4) Folding chairs, stools and the like may not be brought.

(5) Balloons, confetti and streamers are forbidden throughout the cathedral.

Distribution of printed matter requires the express consent of the cathedral provost.

Animals, with the exception of guide-dogs, must remain outside.

(1) Cathedral tours are only possible with a guide licensed for such tours at the cathedral.

(2) Tour participants are to be informed of the cathedral rules.

(1) The instructions of the security personnel and cathedral guards are to be followed at all times.

(2) Persons not following the cathedral rules or the instructions of the staff may be asked to leave.

(3) Cathedral guards do not serve as cathedral guides.

§8 The cathedral rules are effective as of October 1, 2019.

Provost emeritus Gerd Bachner

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  • Description

Begun in 1248, the construction of this Gothic masterpiece took place in several stages and was not completed until 1880. Over seven centuries, successive builders were inspired by the same faith and a spirit of absolute fidelity to the original plans. Apart from its exceptional intrinsic value and the artistic masterpieces it contains, Cologne Cathedral testifies to the enduring strength of European Christianity.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Cathédrale de Cologne

Commencée en 1248, la construction de ce chef-d'œuvre de l'art gothique se fit par étapes et s'acheva en 1880. Au cours de ces sept siècles, ses bâtisseurs successifs furent animés de la même foi et d'un esprit de fidélité absolue aux plans d'origine. Outre son exceptionnelle valeur intrinsèque et les chefs-d'œuvre qu'elle recèle, la cathédrale de Cologne témoigne de la force et de la persistance de la foi chrétienne en Europe.

كاثدرائية كولونيا

بدأ بناء الكاتدرائية وهي تحفة من الفن القوطي في العام 1248. جرى العمل بها على مراحل إلى أن انتهت كلياً في العام 1880. خلال القرون السبعة، تحلّى البناة المتوالون بالإيمان نفسه وبروح الوفاء المطلق للمخططات الأصلية. وبالإضافة إلى قيمتها بحدّ ذاتها والى التحف الفنية التي تحتويها، فإن كاثدرائية كولونيا شهادة عن قوة وتواصل الإيمان المسيحي في أوروبا.

source: UNESCO/CPE Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

哥特式科隆大教堂始建于1248年,历经几个阶段的修建,直到1880才建成。在修建科隆大教堂的七个世纪中,一代代建筑师们秉承着相同的信念,做到了绝对忠实于最初的设计方案。除了其自身的重要价值和教堂内的艺术珍品以外,科隆大教堂还表现了欧洲基督教经久不衰的力量。

Catedral de Colonia

Iniciada en 1248, la construcción de esta obra de arte gótico fue realizada por etapas y culminó en 1880. A lo largo de esos siete siglos, sus sucesivos constructores fueron animados por una misma fe y un espíritu de total fidelidad a los planos arquitectónicos primigenios. Además del excepcional valor de su arquitectura y de las obras de arte que contiene, esta catedral constituye un testimonio de la gran fuerza y la perdurabilidad de la fe cristiana en Europa.

source: NFUAJ

Dom van Keulen

De bouw van dit gotische meesterwerk begon in 1248 en werd uitgevoerd in verschillende fasen tot het klaar was in 1880. Meer dan zeven eeuwen lang werden de opeenvolgende bouwers geïnspireerd door hetzelfde geloof en een geest van absolute trouw aan de oorspronkelijke plannen. De westelijke gevel is de grootste kerkgevel ter wereld met een oppervlak van 7000 vierkante meter, geflankeerd door 2 torens van elk 156 meter. Afgezien van de uitzonderlijke intrinsieke waarde en de artistieke meesterwerken die het bevat, getuigt de Dom van Keulen van de blijvende kracht van het Europese christendom.

Source: unesco.nl

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Outstanding Universal Value

Brief synthesis

Begun in 1248, the building of this Gothic masterpiece took place in several stages and was not completed until 1880. Over seven centuries, its successive builders were inspired by the same faith and by a spirit of absolute fidelity to the original plans. Apart from its exceptional intrinsic value and the artistic masterpieces it contains, Cologne Cathedral bears witness to the strength and endurance of European Christianity. No other Cathedral is so perfectly conceived, so uniformly and uncompromisingly executed in all its parts.

Cologne Cathedral is a High Gothic five-aisled basilica (144.5 m long), with a projecting transept (86.25 m wide) and a tower façade (157.22 m high). The nave is 43.58 m high and the side-aisles 19.80 m. The western section, nave and transept begun in 1330, changes in style, but this is not perceptible in the overall building. The 19th century work follows the medieval forms and techniques faithfully, as can be seen by comparing it with the original medieval plan on parchment.

The original liturgical appointments of the choir are still extant to a considerable degree. These include the high altar with an enormous monolithic slab of black limestone, believed to be the largest in any Christian church, the carved oak choir stalls (1308-11), the painted choir screens (1332-40), the fourteen statues on the pillars in the choir (c. 1300), and the great cycle of stained-glass windows, the largest existent cycle of early 14th century windows in Europe. There is also an outstanding series of tombs of twelve archbishops between 976 and 1612.

Of the many works of art in the Cathedral, special mention should be made to the Gero Crucifix of the late 10th century, in the Chapel of the Holy Cross, which was transferred from the pre-Romanesque predecessor of the present Cathedral, and the Shrine of the Magi (1180-1225), in the choir, which is the largest reliquary shrine in Europe. Other artistic masterpieces are the altarpiece of St. Clare (c. 1350-1400) in the north aisle, brought here in 1811 from the destroyed cloister church of the Franciscan nuns, the altarpiece of the City Patrons by Stephan Lochner (c. 1445) in the Chapel of Our Lady, and the altarpiece of St. Agilolphus (c. 1520) in the south transept.

Criterion (i): Cologne Cathedral is an exceptional work of human creative genius.

Criterion (ii): Constructed over more than six centuries Cologne Cathedral marks the zenith of cathedral architecture and at the same time its culmination.

Criterion (iv): Cologne Cathedral is a powerful testimony to the strength and persistence of Christian belief in medieval and modern Europe.

Cologne Cathedral contains all the elements necessary to express the Outstanding Universal Value and is of appropriate size. All features and structures to convey its significance as Gothic masterpiece are present.

Authenticity

Cologne Cathedral has lost its original architectural context, but in the nineteenth and twentieth century an urban ensemble has been created around it, of which the building of the new Wallraf-Richartz-Museum is the last element. Form and design, use and function of Cologne Cathedral have remained unchanged during the centuries of construction. All the work, from the 13th to the 19th century, was carried out with scrupulous respect for the original design, and this tradition was continued in the post-World War II reconstruction. In this respect, Cologne Cathedral may be considered to be sui generis and hence its authenticity is absolute.

Protection and management requirements

The laws and regulations of the Federal Republic of Germany and the State of North Rhine-Westphalia guarantee the consistent protection of the Cologne Cathedral and its surroundings: The Cathedral is a listed monument according to paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Act on the Protection and Conservation of Monuments in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, dated 11March 1980 (Protection Law). Conservation and building activities within and outside the property and in the buffer zone are regulated by paragraph 9 (2) of the Protection Law and Local Building Plans in order to ensure the effective protection of the important views of the Cathedral.

A Steering Committee (the Cathedral Construction Commission or Dombaukommission), which was established in 1946 and consists of the Archbishop of Cologne, the Dean of the Cathedral, the Vicar General of the Archdiocese of Cologne, the Minister of the State North Rhine-Westphalia in charge of monument protection and the State Conservator of the Ministry, supervises the work of the Cathedral Workshop. The Cathedral Workshop – under the leadership of the Cathedral architect – is responsible for the maintenance, conservation and restoration in the medieval tradition and acts in concert with the regional and local historic monument conservation authorities.

The management system consists of a set of maintenance and conservation measures which is annually reviewed and updated when required by the Steering Committee.

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List of World Heritage in Danger

Inscription Year on the List of World Heritage in Danger

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1 protection / 2 elements

  • Craft techniques and customary practices of cathedral workshops, or Bauhütten, in Europe, know-how, transmission, development of knowledge and innovation
  • Organ craftsmanship and music

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Cologne Cathedral Guide (Opening Hours, Tickets, Facts, History)

Updated on  September 7, 2023  

Hidden among Cologne's treasures is Cologne Cathedral - the largest Gothic cathedral in Northern Europe with an intriguing 600-year construction history!

This blog post will act as your guide to navigating this UNESCO World Heritage Site, enriching your visit with fascinating facts and must-see highlights.

Cologne Cathedral Highlights

Shrine of the three kings.

Emerging behind the high altar of the Cologne Cathedral, you'll find an intriguing highlight - The Shrine of the Three Kings. Caspar, Melchior, and Balthasar rest in this space; rumored relics from these wise men enhance its allure. [ 1 ]

A peek inside reveals bones and ancient garments bestowed upon them. Gold cloaks this rich shrine located on a grand scale beyond the cathedral's main altar.

Showcasing it suggests reverence for these three figures who hold deep significance within Christian narratives worldwide.

Cologne Cathedral Treasury (Dom Treasury)

The Cathedral Treasury in Cologne is a spectacle to behold. As the largest and richest treasury in Germany, its selection of historical relics and sacred treasures stands testament to centuries of religious devotion.

Back in the Middle Ages, it began as a collection of cherished relics, now housing an array of art from the medieval period up till date.

One sight within this treasury that never fails to captivate visitors is the colossal gold Shrine of the Three Kings.

These valuable possessions breathe life into scenes from different periods, making every exploration feel like you're stepping back through time itself!

Further along your visit, you'll also find delicate artworks and precious relics born out of venerable craftsmanship unmatched anywhere else in Germany.

The invaluable artifacts housed here span eras, embodying layers upon layers rich cultural heritage preserved by those who came before us.

Largest Free-Swinging Bell in the World

High above in the South Tower of Cologne Cathedral, proudly swings Petersglocke, also known as St. Peter's Bell. Nestled right here in Germany, it garners attention from around the world being the largest functioning bell to swing freely for almost a century now. [ 2 ]

A spectacle to behold indeed! Visiting this cathedral virtually allocates you an exclusive pass to witness this colossal marvel and its ever-echoing sonorous music that seems etched within the historical walls of the structure itself.

So make sure not to miss out on experiencing one of the grandest highlights inside this monumental German edifice.

Madonna of Milan (Cologne Cathedral)

As part of your exploration inside the Cologne Cathedral, you will encounter an exquisite wooden sculpture nested in the Sacrament Chapel. This is none other than the captivating Milan Madonna, a stirring depiction of Virgin Mary and Jesus.

The piece exudes solemn beauty while reflecting Gothic artistry at its finest. Revered for hundreds of years, it acts as a spiritual beacon amid an abundant array of treasures within this medieval wonder - featuring priceless artifacts, intricate mosaics and grand alters that skirt around the architectural spectacle.

The Cathedral Tower

Bracing myself, I began the ascent to the top of Cologne Cathedral's South Tower. With each step on the 533-step spiral staircase, I felt an ever-growing sense of exhilaration.

Appearing intimidating in its stature and grandeur, climbing this cathedral tower is no small feat but so worth it! Upon reaching my destination - an observation point standing at a height of approximately 100 meters - breathlessness quickly turned into breath-taking gasps.

Right there before me laid out a panoramic view of the entire historic cityscape unlike anything else. Gothic architecture stretched as far as my eyes could see from one of northern Europe's largest Gothic churches and tallest twin-spire church in the world!

This climb through time left me atop not just a remarkable European landmark or historical site ; it gave me an unmatched birds-eye perspective on creating captivating moments that will forever remain etched upon my heart.

Stained Glass Windows

Stepping into Cologne Cathedral, one cannot help but marvel at the stained glass windows. The spacious interior seems to embrace a kaleidoscope of colors that usher in natural light in a captivating display.

One can hardly miss the Bible Windows - one of the oldest and most famous windows situated in the central chapel of the ambulatory.

The St John the Baptist Window, made back in 1847, is part of Bavarian Windows series narrating the story of Redemption while adding to its charm.

Each window stands as an intricate art piece within this masterpiece cathedral contributing significantly to its overall architecture.

Finally, located high up on your eye's reach is an impressive cycle of kings from historical times featured around you inside this magnificent ecclesiastical building giving off an air of grandeur undeniable by anyone stepping inside.

Cologne Cathedral Facts & Features

1. The Cologne Cathedral stands proudly as the largest Gothic church in northern Europe, soaring to a height of 515 feet (157 meters).

2. It covers nearly 8,000 square meters of floor space, with the capacity to hold over 20,000 people.

3. Construction of the Cologne Cathedral commenced in 1248 and remarkably wasn't completed until 1880, spanning a staggering 632 years.

4. Three other churches have stood on the same site where the Cathedral stands today. UNESCO World Heritage Status.

5. In 1996, the cathedral earned a spot on the UNESCO World Heritage List, recognizing its cultural significance.

6.In 2004, it was placed on the "World Heritage in Danger" list due to plans for a nearby high-rise building, but it was removed from this list in 2006.

7. Originally built to house the shrine of the Three Wise Men (3 Kings), the cathedral holds deep religious and historical significance.

8. The Cologne Cathedral boasts an expansive façade, giving it the largest façade of any church globally.

9. Its choir features an exceptional height-to-width ratio of 3.6:1, unique among medieval churches.

10. The cathedral wasn't always dark grey, hinting at its changing appearance over the centuries.

11. The cathedral houses a wealth of artwork, including stained glass windows from the 13th century and a contemporary masterpiece by Gerhard Richter, completed in 2007.

12. The Lady Chapel features the Altar of the City Patrons, painted in 1442 by Stefan Lochner.

13. The Cologne Cathedral houses the largest swinging church bell in the world.

14. Approximately 6 million visitors explore the cathedral every year, drawn by its history and architectural splendor.

15. During World War II, the Cologne Cathedral was struck by 14 bombs but miraculously survived the devastation.

16. It held the title of the world's tallest building from 1880 to 1884.

17. The Cologne Cathedral ranks as the third-largest Gothic architecture church globally, surpassed only by Spain's Silvelle Cathedral and Italy's Milan Cathedral in size.

18. The Cologne Cathedral served as a destination for Pope Benedict XVI during World Youth Day 2005 festivities.

19. The cathedral features two remarkable pipe organs by Klais Orgelbau: the Transept Organ (1948) and the Nave Organ (1998).

20. As of March 1, 2017, a ban on large bags was instituted within the cathedral due to security concerns following recent terrorist attacks in the country.

Material and patina: Why is the Cathedral black?

Walking up to the colossal Cologne Cathedral, you might wonder why it appears so dark. In truth, this cathedral's surface wears a dense patina that has evolved over centuries from countless pollutants absorbed by its stone exterior.

Its main building component is sandstone, which reacts with sulphuric acid present in rainwater or smog. This chemical reaction takes on an almost black hue upon exposure and wearing over decades resulting in the dim shade we see today.

I was also astounded to discover inside the sanctuary; their high altar boasted a massive monolithic slab of imposing black limestone—an intentional architectural feature contrarily chosen for its rich darkness and stark visual contrast from other liturgical appointments!

Cologne Cathedral Visitor Information

Cologne cathedral opening hours.

Cologne Cathedral is usually open from 6 am to 8 pm. As a World Heritage Site, it welcomes tourists from Monday to Saturday, between 10 a.m. and around 5 p.m. , on Sundays, 1 p.m. to 4 p.m ., and the tower hall after the evening Mass until 8 p.m.

Monday to Saturday:  10 am to 5 pm

Sunday: 1 pm to 4 pm

Tower Hall: After Evening Mass until 8 pm 

Cologne Cathedral Entrance Fee:

Cologne Cathedral is free to visit . Visitors have to pay to visit the tower and treasury.

Adults pay €6.

Children, schoolchildren, students, and persons with special needs pay a reduced entry fee of €3.

Families can buy a family ticket for €12.

The reduced rate is €4.50. 

Combi tickets, which give visitors access to both the tower and the Cathedral Treasury, cost €9 for adults.

Family combi tickets cost €18. 

Enjoying panoramic views and attractions from the towers

A trip to the Cologne Cathedral's towers is like an instant ticket to a magical viewpoint. Brace yourself for a sight that will truly leave you awestruck as you climb towards the observation deck on one of these majestic towers.

You get wrapped in panoramic views stretching far into this vibrant city, offering glimpses of distinctive landmarks, architectural wonders, and scenic vistas.

What makes it even more thrilling is watching huge swathes of the urban skyline emerging in perfect harmony with their serene riverfront attractions all from up high!

I guarantee that every breathless moment during your ascent will be replaced by sheer wonder as you marvel at sights sprawling around from such great heights of this iconic cathedral tower.

You'll feel immersed in a picturesque journey bringing storybook images alive right before your eyes.

History and Cultural Significance of Cologne Cathedral

Construction history and preservation efforts.

Spanning over six centuries, the construction of Cologne Cathedral is a testament to Gothic architecture and historical significance. It kicked off in 1248 but encountered an extended pause around 1560, with the structure remaining unfinished for over 250 years.

Inspired by the grandeur of cathedrals in Paris and Strasbourg, elucidating plans were drawn up to resume construction. In 1814, these blueprints breathed life back into this architectural masterpiece as completion efforts recommenced.

Contrary to its medieval roots, it wasn't until 1880 that workers laid down their tools at last marking its full structural formation.

Our responsibility towards this symbol of religious devotion did not end here; preservation has become central since then.

A continual emphasis on restoration efforts safeguards the longevity of this timeless wonder while spotlighting it as invaluable cultural heritage globally.

Throughout generations and societal shifts, Cologne Cathedral's perseverance illuminates our shared dedication toward preserving magnificent testaments from history's grip for future appreciators yet unseen.

Role and significance of the cathedral in the Catholic Church

Cologne Cathedral holds immense weight in the Catholic Church for reasons beyond its physical grandeur. As a revered monument of German Catholicism, it stands tall as a towering symbol of faith and devotion.

The Feast of the Assumption of Mary is exceedingly important to the church's history; with every year that passes, this esteemed day reminds us that our cathedral was designed with thoughtfulness and great religious importance at heart.

A vibrant testament to Gothic architecture, its splendid artistry and design were meant to echo those admired French churches we hold dear.

Sanctioned as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996, it isn't just another pretty building–it serves as cultural touchstone connecting generations through history, tradition and shared faith.

In essence, Cologne Cathedral functions not just an architectural feat but rather it plays pivotal part in unifying Catholics under shared symbolism which undoubtedly surpasses countries' borders making all feel welcome.

Impact during World War II and restoration efforts

Cologne Cathedral braved 14 bombardments in the course of World War II. Despite this intense devastation, the Gothic structure gleamed as a beacon of hope amidst ruin when US forces entered Cologne in 1945.

Witnessed firsthand by Army Chaplain Philip Hannan, it truly demonstrated the cathedral's solid structural integrity. [ 3 ]

Being one of Germany’s most iconic landmarks didn't come without its fair share of challenges. The aftermath was torturous; responsibilities were shouldered to restore this masterpiece back to its original grandeur owing to damage not only from bombings but also weathering and pollution over time.

It took many arduous years for experts and restorers around the world who dedicated their skill and passion for bringing back to life every intricate detail showcasing Cologne Cathedral’s unique blend of architectural beauty and historicity.

Events and Activities at Cologne Cathedral

Religious services, ceremonies, and pilgrimages.

Cologne Cathedral is a beacon of spiritual devotion and houses countless religious services. It's not uncommon to walk in amid stirring sacred rituals that pay homage to centuries-old religious traditions.

Pilgrims from all corners of the world are drawn here, feeling an unmistakable sense of ascension into something grander than life as they partake in these holy ceremonies.

As a noted milestone on many Christian pilgrimages, it emanates peace and honors faith much like many other historic churches across Europe.

The transformative air within this spiritual powerhouse is opulent with belief even without being present during official ceremonial hours.

The presence of the Shrine of the Three Wise Men alone resonates deep reverence due to its significant role relating back to Archbishop Rainald von Dassel era.

Glimpsing into the ongoing divine rituals within this cathedral offers profound insights into the devotional customs of Catholic culture. It also underscores the cathedral's pivotal role within the German archdiocese, under the leadership of the esteemed Archbishop himself.

Musical performances, concerts, and choir events

I've attended many musical performances in Cologne Cathedral that made my skin tingle with the sheer beauty of sound. The cathedral's intricate acoustics are brilliant, enhancing both choir and orchestra events.

Every note seems to linger in the air for just a while longer, prompting an unforgettable acoustic ambiance. The cathedral doesn't only house religious services but also serves as a popular venue for concerts and cultural events.

It makes you feel like you're part of something bigger when listening to sacred music echo through its enormous halls, contributing towards the rich cultural heritage within Cologne.

And let us not forget about their well-renowned church music which forms a cherished part of the cathedral’s treasures!

Whether it be via live performances or spectacular music festivals - Music truly reverberates at every level here delivering immersive experiences under timeless arches brimming with history!

Special exhibitions, cultural events, and educational programs

Cologne Cathedral draws more than just admiration for its architectural magnificence.

Special exhibitions grace the grand interiors quite often. Each one showcases unique artworks and rare historical artifacts, taking you on a visual journey through time and culture dive deeper into German heritage.

Feeling the rhythm of Cologne doesn't end there! Imagine immersing yourself in cultural events right inside this iconic landmark.

Regular concerts offering rich acoustics bounce off centuries-old walls, enriching every listener's soul with melody intertwined history.

Equally captivating are intriguing educational programs designed meticulously to offer insights into the cathedral’s symbolism, architectural marvels and deep-rooted ties to the city's past; thus unraveling another layer that makes Cologne inspiring.

Conclusion: All About Cologne Cathedral

Visiting Cologne Cathedral is like stepping into a living history book, where each structure and artwork imparts a story. This architectural masterpiece continues to awe and inspire millions of visitors every year with its stunning Gothic design.

It's not just a cathedral; it's an embodiment of art, history, faith, and resilience all combined in one remarkable landmark. Indeed, experiencing the grandeur of Cologne Cathedral is an unrivaled journey through time that leaves travelers breathless.

In this section, I'll address common queries such as the visiting fee for the Cologne Cathedral, its mode of operation and why it's so renowned. Also, we'll delve into why it appears dark grey and whether a trip there is worth it or not.

Do you have to pay to visit Cologne Cathedral?

Visiting the impressive Cologne Cathedral comes with no admission fee! I was pleasantly surprised to discover this as many monumental historical buildings usually cost some sort of entrance fee.

However, bear in mind that if you fancy an exploration of the cathedral's treasury or a thrilling climb up the tower, there are certain costs involved. An adult ticket for both these experiences is simply €6, while children and students get a discounted price at €3.

Families can also secure a deal with tickets for everyone costing just €12 total. The cathedral offers English guided tours too; these attract slightly different fees – adults pay €7 and children shell out only €5 - quite economical keeping in view the rich history they unravel!

So overall, you're not required to pay anything when gracing this marvel with your presence, but engaging further comes at a very reasonable cost (one I believe provides great value for money!).

When is Cologne Cathedral open?

Cologne Cathedral welcomes visitors every day of the week. From Monday to Saturday, it opens its doors from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m., providing ample time for you to explore and marvel at the stunning architecture and historical artifacts housed inside.

During summer months, from May through October, extended hours are in effect - the cathedral is open for visits starting early in the morning at 6:00 AM till as late as 9:00 PM. Excitingly, this iconic religious landmark remains accessible on Sundays too but doesn't provide specific timing details about December 25th and 26th.

It's best to check their official website or contact them directly for accurate information during these holiday days.

Why is Cologne Cathedral famous?

The fame of Cologne Cathedral lies in its grand scale and striking Gothic architecture. As the largest Gothic church in northern Europe, it presents a breathtaking sight with its twin towers soaring to an immense height of 515 feet.

Deeply rooted in German Catholicism, for many it stands as a testament to faith and devotion. But beyond religion, it is considered an artistic masterpiece showcasing exceptional European culture - weathered yet enduring over centuries.

Its dark patina lends character and substance to the cathedral's exterior while stunning artworks embellish the inside like hidden jewels waiting discovery by travelers worldwide.

Why is Cologne Cathedral dark grey?

The dark grey color you notice on Cologne Cathedral has an interesting origin. It's because of the sandstone used in its construction, which over time and exposure to sulphuric rain changes into this intriguing hue.

This transformation is a natural process, where weathering plays a significant role. The cathedral stands proudly with a unique aesthetic quality, owing much to its distinctive dark grey tone that augments the majestic Gothic appeal of the structure.

You may find it fascinating how such simple natural processes can significantly contribute to enhancing grandeur and aesthetics!

Is Cologne Cathedral Worth Visiting?

Absolutely, a visit to Cologne Cathedral is worth it! This architectural masterpiece of Gothic style exudes historical significance and offers much more than religious relevance. As the largest Gothic church in Northern Europe, its prominence is clear across the globe.

The impressive towers soar into the sky at an astonishing 515 feet making this landmark an indelible part of Germany's skyline. What makes it even more enticing for travel enthusiasts is its survival and restoration after World War II warfare.

Combined with rich medieval history and a collection of treasured art pieces inside, visitors get entranced with every step they take inside this popular tourist attraction.

Significantly crowned as part of our cultural heritage, one can say that seeing Cologne Cathedral isn't just an option when in Germany - it's essential!

Key Takeaways

  • Cologne Cathedral is the biggest Gothic church in northern Europe.
  • Visitors can check out treasures like the Shrine of the Three Kings and climb to a viewing deck in one of its towers.
  • The cathedral looks black because sandstone on its surface reacts with sulphuric acid from rain or smog, creating a dark patina.
  • You can visit every day and join guided tours for an informative experience.

References:

1: The Shrine of the Three Kings in Cologne Cathedral is the largest reliquary of the Middle Ages | The Vintage News, retrieved from https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/10/13/the-shrine-of-the-three-kings-in-cologne-cathedral-is-the-largest-reliquary-of-the-middle-ages/ 2: Cologne Cathedral's biggest bell silent for Christmas - DW.com, retrieved from https://www.dw.com/en/cologne-cathedrals-biggest-bell-to-be-silent-for-christmas/a-41138441 3: In the Ruins of Cologne | The National WWII Museum | New Orleans, retrieved from https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/ruins-cologne

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About the Author

Stephan Drescher

Stephan Drescher, founder of germanytravel.blog, is a German travel expert and insider, providing trusted tips and advice for a perfect trip to Germany. Born & bred German.

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Cologne Cathedral

visit cologne cathedral

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral

By: Author Sophie Nadeau

Posted on Last updated: 14th January 2024

Categories Churches , Germany

Last Updated on 14th January 2024 by Sophie Nadeau

The grandeur of Cologne’s romantic Romanesque meets grand Gothic Kölner Dom draws crowds from far and wide on a daily basis. After all, the dual towers of the Dom stand tall and proud above the populous North Rhine Westphalia city and can be spotted on pretty much every touristic trinket from the city. Here’s your ultimate guide to everything you should know before visiting Cologne Cathedral .

Tip: If you’re looking to delve deeper into the history of Cologne Cathedral, then you might consider booking a guided tour like this one.

cologne cathedral

The Importance of Cologne Cathedral

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Indeed, situated just beside Köln’s main train station, Cologne Cathedral is the first landmark you’re able to spy from the airport train which whisks hundreds of passengers an hour between the German city and the rest of the country and beyond.

As my friend put it, it’s akin to stepping off the train in Paris and quite literally having the Eiffel Tower in front of you (this is sadly not a possibility from any main Parisian train station) !

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

Today, Kölner Dom is the symbol of the city and can be spied from pretty much every vantage point across Cologne. 100 craftsmen and women are currently permanently employed to restore the cathedral and keep it looking incredible for the generations to come.

Purchase any souvenir from the city (even waffles at the Cologne Christmas Market ) and the outline of the cathedral will likely feature.

Worth noting is that the ‘Instagram famous’ shot of the candy coloured houses of the fish market does not feature the Cathedral but one of the smaller Romanesque churches dotted across the city.

Insider tips for Cologne

Prior to the construction of the Gothic building, Cologne was somewhat of a quiet settlement, which didn’t make a great mark on the map. All this changed in the 12th-century, when Archbishop Rainald von Dassel brought back a certain relic from his travels in Italy.

As is the case with so many cathedrals, basilicas, and large churches throughout Europe, Cologne Cathedral was constructed over many centuries. In fact, though construction of the ecclesiastical building began all the way back in 1248, the two towers were not completed until 1880.

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

There has been a Christian church on site since around the 4th-century. Prior to the current cathedral, the church before had been constructed during the 9th-century and the site itself was one of the first places where Christian worship was practised in the city.

However, it was soon decided that the building was not grand enough to house the relics of the biblical Magi and so (perhaps rather conveniently), the church burned down during demolition work in 1248.

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

Soon enough, the decision was taken to build a new cathedral on the site, i.e. the church you now see today. The first stone was laid on the Feast of the Assumption of Mary on the 15th August 1248. 

In the beginning, work progressed rather quickly and it was said that it was due to a bet that the architect had made with the devil! It’s said that the bargain included his souls and those of his family in exchange for rapid completion of the project.

As the story goes, the architect’s wife put a stop to the plan and this is why the cathedral ended up taking so long to complete.

What started as a Gothic project was modified and changed over the seven centuries of its construction. You see, in 1473, work on the cathedral was halted for a variety of reasons, but largely due to a lack of funding.

For several centuries (four to be precise), the cathedral remained unfinished and was used as was. The North tower was pretty much nonexistent and the South tower was overshadowed by a building crane.

All this changed during the 19th-century, with the resurgence of romantic enthusiasm for the Middle Ages. And with more modern technologies, the cathedral was completed in the period from 1842 to 1880, making it the tallest twin spired church in the world.

During the 1950s, the cathedral was renovated following heavy bombing during WWII (the cathedral was bombed no fewer than 14 times) . Maintenance work on the building is ongoing to this day, with some 80 people employed to oversee its survival for future generations.

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

Highlights of Kölner Dom

Cologne Cathedral boasts many records, ‘firsts,’ and is typically near the top of many European visitors’ bucket lists. After all, the Cathedral is the largest Gothic Church in Northern Europe, is the highest twin-spired church in the world, and is the second tallest church in Europe.

Standing at a height of 157 metres tall (rather unusually, the Northern tower is 7 cm taller than the Southern one) , Cologne Cathedral has no shortage of hidden gems worth discovering , as well as some of the most important pieces of Biblical artwork in Europe, the nave’s ceiling reaches a height of 142 foot high.

Other highlights of the cathedral that are quite common in Gothic structures include flying buttresses and spitting gargoyles. During medieval times, the grotesque faces of the gargoyles are reputed to have even frightened visitors to Cologne cathedral!

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

The true highlight of the cathedral was what led Cologne to such prominence during the Middle Ages and indeed many a Christian pilgrim has made the journey to Köln purely for the chance to see the Shrine of the Three Wise Men (which is believed to be the largest reliquary in the Western world).

The relics (or ‘mortal remains’ as they are sometime referred to as) were brought back from the conquered City of Milan by Frederick Barbarossa and given to then Archbishop of Cologne, Rainald von Dassel, in 1164.

Now encased in a gold gilt case which was conceived by Nicholas of Verdun and was completed in the 1220s, the shrine is to be found behind the High Altar of the cathedral.

Perhaps rather miraculously, the medieval windows of Cologne Cathedral were actually removed prior to the Allied air raids of 1944 and so the stunning stained glass survives to this day. All of the stained glass windows cover the area of 90000 square feet.

Some of the glass dates all the way back to the 14th-century and can be dated thanks to the appearance of various coats of arms. Elsewhere in the cathedral, one of the Biblical-themed stained glass windows is one of the oldest in Europe.

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

As is commonly the case with Cathedrals in Europe, Cologne Cathedral also has a small treasury which houses some of the best-kept gems of the ecclesiastical building and can be visited for a small fee (as of 2023, €6 full-price and €3 for concessions) . Head inside and you can expect to discover holy relics, as well as artworks created from bronze, silver, and gold.

As well as being one of the most impressive cathedrals in Europe, the South Tower of the Dom boasts the largest swinging bell in the world.

The Saint Peter bell can be seen if you walk the 533 steps up to the top of the Southern Tower (for a small fee) and weighs a staggering 24 tonnes. The bell only tolls on special occasions such as New Year’s Day and Christmas Day.

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

Like most cathedrals in Europe, Cologne Cathedral is free to visit and is open every day of the week. However, if you wish to climb to the top of the tower via the steep staircases and be rewarded with one of the best views of Köln, then you’ll need to pay a small fee.

The Cathedral is Germany’s most visited landmark and boasts around 20,000 visitors a day! As such, if you want to see the cathedral without as many crowds, then you’ll want to plan your visit to be in the morning and mid-week if possible.

With this being said, even though I visited Cologne Cathedral with a friend on a weekend during the Christmas Market season, we didn’t need to queue to enter!

If you’re looking to delve deeper into the history of Cologne Cathedral, then you might consider booking a guided tour like this one. Another German cathedral that’s worth visiting nearby is Aachen Cathedral. If it’s your first time in Köln, be sure to check out our suggestions for how to spend one day in Cologne .

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) about Cologne Cathedral

Cologne cathedral is free to visit. Visitors have to pay to visit the tower and treasury.

Situated right next to the Cologne main train station, Cologne Cathedral was once considered to be the tallest building in the world. Today, the ecclesiastical building remains one of the tallest churches in Europe and has the third highest vaults of any church in the world.

Cologne Cathedral is also home to the Shrine of the Three Wise Men, a golden reliquary alleged to hold relics from the biblical Magi (i.e. the three wise men). Since 1996, the cathedral has been listed on the UNESCO list of culturally important sites.

Despite what you might think, the façade of the Dom isn’t dirty and it doesn’t need a clean! Instead, the sandstone material from which the church is constructed reacts with the sulphuric rain, which in turn causes the dark grey tone of the Cathedral’s exterior.

Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral, Kölner Dom, Köln, North Rhine Westphalia, Western Germany

Sophie Nadeau loves dogs, books, travel, pizza, and history. A Francophile at heart, she runs solosophie.com when she’s not chasing after the next sunset shot or consuming something sweet. She splits her time between Paris and London and travels as much as she can! Subscribe to Sophie’s YouTube Channel.

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Wednesday 2nd of August 2023

I want to know how many bells there is bell tower

Sophie Nadeau

Friday 25th of August 2023

There are 11 bells in Cologne Cathedral

Thursday 27th of July 2023

We just visited the Cathedral last week as a side trip since our base was in Frankfurt while traveling. Admittedly, we didn't do much research about it. We walked in having to ask a priest what the shiny gold box in the high altar was, especially when nuns started crowding it and taking pictures ! Your blog is wonderfully informative and covers just enough history and background that I've been wanting to know. The impressive Cathedral is now more appreciated after reading your work and viewing your pictures. Thank you ! Now looking to reading more of your articles.

Sunday 17th of May 2020

I visited this beautiful Cathedral with my wife in May 2019 During our Wedding Anniversary. Your pictures are very well done along with the information. Thank you

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How To Visit Cologne Cathedral

visit cologne cathedral

One of the grandest and largest cathedrals in the world, the Cologne Cathedral is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, making it a destination on any trip to Germany.

This post helps you plan your visit to the Cathedral, including what you will see there, directions, and information on what tours are offered.

  • What To See
  • Guided Tours
  • Plan Your Visit
  • Free Cologne Walking Tours

INSIDE COLOGNE CATHEDRAL

In this section, we provide details about some of the significant parts of the Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom), one of the most magnificent examples of Neo-Gothic architecture in the world. 

Read a brief history of the Cathedral below .

Central Nave

The central nave of the Cologne Cathedral is in the shape of a Latin cross, measuring 45 meters (147 ft.) wide by 144 meters (472 ft.) in length. 

The arms of the cross are the two aisles on each side of the nave leading to the transepts.

In the north aisle is the altarpiece of St. Clare (c. 1350-1400) and the altarpiece of St. Agilolphus (c. 1520) in the south transept.

visit cologne cathedral

In the choir is the high altar with a huge slab of black limestone, believed to be the largest in any Christian church.

There are 14 statues on the pillars in the choir (c. 1300), carved oak choir stalls (1308-11) and painted choir screens (1332-40).

In the Chapel of Our Lady, on the south wall of the choir, is a triptych entitled The Adoration of the Magi (c. 1445), which was made by Stefan Lochner.

Stained Glass

The cathedral contains over 20,000 square feet of stained glass windows created over nearly 8 centuries. 

The Cathedral's oldest stained-glass window is the famous Bible Window, which dates back to the 13th century, believed to be the earliest stained-glass window in Germany. 

visit cologne cathedral

The Window of the Nativity dates back to 1507, while the Window of St. Peter and the Tree of Jesse dates back to 1509. Several windows date back to the mid to late 1800s.

The Richter-Fenster (“Richter Window”) was designed by Gerhard Richter in 2007 to replace the cathedral’s original windows that were destroyed in World War II.

Shrine of the Three Kings

Known in German as Dreikönigsschrein , the Shrine of the Three Kings is a gilded sarcophagus of gold and silver, and studded with jewels dating back to the early 13th century,

It is said to contain the bones of the Biblical Magi , or Three Wise Men who visit the baby Jesus after his birth. 

visit cologne cathedral

At 153 cm (5 ft.) high, 220 cm (7.2 ft.) long, and 110 cm (3.6 ft) wide, it is the largest reliquary in the Western world. 

Ever since the Shrine was built the Cathedral has remained one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Europe.

The Cologne Cathedral’s Treasury is the largest in Germany. This rich collection of relics from the Middle Ages grew over the centuries with gifts from bishops, popes, and kings.

It includes liturgical vestments, manuscripts, chalices, insignia of the archbishops and cathedral clergy from the 4th to the 20th century, and early examples of Christian art, some over 1000 years old. 

The twin spires are 157 meters (515 ft.) tall, making this the largest Gothic Church in Northern Europe, and the third tallest cathedral in the world, It was the world’s tallest building between 1880 and 1884.

There are eight bells. The Petersglocke (St. Peter’s Bell) in the South Tower weighs 24 tons. 

visit cologne cathedral

It is the largest freely swinging church bell in the world and is rung only on 11 major holidays such as Christmas and Easter.

For a fee, visitors can climb 533 stairs to the platform of the South Tower, 97 meters (318 ft.) tall. From there, one can get sweeping views of the city of Cologne and the Rhine.

Entry to the cathedral is free. This does not include access to the Cathedral Treasury or the Tower. 

To visit either of these areas, you must purchase a ticket. If you want to visit both, you can purchase a Combination ticket. 

Tickets cannot be purchased in advance. 

Treasury Tickets

  • Children/Students/Concessions €3
  • Families €12
  • The Treasury is open from 10:00 to 18:00 (6 pm)

Tower Tickets

Depending on how long it takes you to climb the 533 steps and how long you want to stay on the viewing platform, a tower visit usually takes you between 30 and 45 minutes.

  • The Tower is open from 10:00 to 20:00 (8 pm). The last entry time is 30 minutes before the Tower closes.

Combination Ticket for Tower and Treasury

  • Children/Students/Concessions €4,50
  • Families €18

GUIDED TOURS 

Public tours run every day at 14:00 (2 pm) and last about 60 minutes. You can purchase tickets up to 14 days in advance.

  • Reduced €8 (children, students)
  • Purchase tickets here .

Night Tours

These tours occur occasionally. The tours last approximately 90 minutes.

  • Minimum age: 16 years
  • Maximum two tickets per booking

Check dates and purchase tour tickets here .

PLAN YOUR VISIT

The cathedral is open daily except for November 11, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year's Eve, and New Year's Day. 

Note that during the carnival season in Cologne (November 11 until Ash Wednesday), the tower is closed on the following days (dates change year to year).

  • Women's Carnival Day
  • Carnival Saturday
  • Carnival Sunday
  • Rose Monday

The general public is welcome from 6:00 to 20:00 (8 pm). Tourists may enter any time, but the Cathedral prefers that tourists enter during working days/hours:

  • Mon-Sat 10:00 to 17:00 (5 pm)
  • Sunday 13:00 (1 pm) to 16:00 (4 pm).

The Cathedral Treasury is open to visitors between 10:00 and 18:00 (6 pm).

The Tower is open to visitors between 10:00 and 20:00 (8 pm).

Service Hours

  • Monday to Saturday Mass: 6:30, 7:15, 8:00, 9:00 and 18:30 (6:30 pm) Devotion: Monday to Friday 18.00 (6 pm)
  • Sunday Mass: 7:00, 8:30, 10:00, 12:00, 17:00 (5 pm) and 19:00 (7 pm)
  • Divine Office: 18:00 (6 pm)

Check the up-to-date mass times here .

How to Get Here

The Cologne Cathedral is at Domkloster 4, Domumgebung.

Use this Google Map link for exact directions from your point of departure.

visit cologne cathedral

The following public transit lines have stops near Kölner Dom. The closest stop is Köln Dom/Hbf.

  • Train: RB26, RE5 (RRX), RE8, S11, S12, S19
  • Light Rail: 18, 5
  • Bus: 127, 136, 260, 978, SB25

Also, this hop-on-hop-off bus tour stops at the Cathedral.

BRIEF HISTORY

In 1164, the Archbishop of Cologne was given the relics of the Three Kings from Frederick I, the Holy Roman Emperor. 

Clerics of the Catholic Church wanted a grander home for the relics, thus the start of this New-Style Gothic cathedral. 

The foundation stones were laid in 1248, and construction continued over several stages. 

visit cologne cathedral

No work occurred during the 16th to 18th centuries. It was finished in 1880, 632 years after construction had begun.

Its colossal size is one of its most impressive qualities with a footprint measuring 145 meters (475 feet) long and the cross nave 86 meters (282 feet) wide. 

Though the massive Western facade is the largest in the world, the Cologne Cathedral’s interior is the world’s third-largest. It is, nevertheless, spectacular.

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Cologne Cathedral

Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Cologne Cathedral is an iconic gothic church built over the course of 600 years and is a World Heritage site.

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Lucy Davidson

15 jul 2021, @lucejuiceluce.

visit cologne cathedral

About Cologne Cathedral

Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom) is a vast and impressive gothic cathedral which took over six hundred years to complete. Visible from nearly every point in the city, it is the second highest building in Cologne (after the telecommunications tower).

History of Cologne Cathedral

Located on what was previously the site of a Roman villa, thought to have dated back to the 4th century – as well as several increasingly larger churches – construction of the current Cologne Cathedral began in 1248. There was already a church on the site, but when the relic known as the Three Magi was brought there, thus making the cathedral one of the most important pilgrimage destinations in Europe, it was felt a larger church was need to accommodate the hordes of pilgrims who visited the site.

Due to its enormous size and elaborate nature as well as a series of interruptions including the arrival of French Revolutionaries, Cologne Cathedral was only completed in 1880. Its design was completed in accordance with the plan originating from the Middle Ages.

Cologne Cathedral Today

Today, Cologne Cathedral is home to a wealth of important ecclesiastical art, the highlight of which is the Shrine of the Three Magi (or three Kings), thought to contain the skulls of the three wise men.

Despite having been bombed during World War Two raids , Cologne Cathedral has survived and is now a UNESCO World Heritage site, revered for being a remarkable example of a gothic cathedral. Visitors can also enter its treasury for more religious relics or climb its tower for great views of Cologne. Guided tours are available by appointment.

Over 80 stonemasons, glaziers, roofers, and other specialists are constantly at work on the maintenance and restoration of the Cathedral building. Cologne Cathedral features as one of our top German Visitor Attractions .

Getting to Cologne Cathedral

From the centre of Cologne, the cathedral is reachable in around 6 minutes by car via Tunisstraße. The closest train station to the site is Cologne Central Station, from where the cathedral is just a minute’s walk away. By foot, it’s a leisurely 7 minute stroll through the scenic Alter Markt.

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Cologne cathedral: all you need to know about visiting & climbing it.

Cologne Cathedral

The place to visit in this German city, the Cologne Cathedral really is the number one attraction you can’t miss if you’re exploring here.

UNESCO-listed since 1996 (I’ll go into why a little later on), with a whole heap of accolades to its name (including the world’s tallest twin-sphered church and the largest Gothic Cathedral in northern Europe!), this giant religious structure is quite the sight to behold.

And that’s even more apparent when you step inside it, not to mention when you climb the hundreds of steps to its impressive South Tower outlook.

With an incredible array of historical artefacts and offering amazing views over the historic centre of this city, there’s no question that visiting Cologne Cathedral needs to be on your list if you’re spending any time in this German city.

And here’s all you need to know to do just that…

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, Me

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Why Visit the Cologne Cathedral?

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, Exterior

The icon of this city, if I didn’t make it clear in the introduction, then the Cologne cathedral is the number one attraction you need to see here!

Boasting up to 20,000 visitors a day, it’s hardly a secret.. and quite frankly, how could it be?!

Absolutely huge, and looming large as soon as you exit Cologne’s main train station (Koln Hbf) if, by some miracle, you do happen to miss it at first, then you’ll quickly see every trinket in this city, from postcards and keyrings to waffles, stamped with the Cathedral’s unmistakable outline.

Dating back to the 12 th century, the Cologne Cathedral is not only huge therefore, but also ancient.

It’s also the winner of such prestigious titles as ‘the world’s tallest twin-sphered church’, ‘the largest Gothic Cathedral in Northern Europe’ and ‘the largest swinging bell in the world’, not to mention it’s home to one of the oldest Biblical-themed stained glass windows in Europe.

Enormous and impressive, hopefully I’ve convinced you that the Cologne Cathedral is a must during your time in this city!

Where is It?

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, Bridge

As I mentioned briefly, Cologne Cathedral is located right outside the city’s main train station.

And when I say right outside, I mean it!

Exit the station and you’ll see this Gothic gem towering above just to your right.

For those not arriving into this city by train, the Cathedral is still easy to locate!

Its huge towers are visible from just about anywhere in the city and its entrance can be found right in the heart of the historic old town – the place where you’ll likely be spending most of your time in Cologne.

If you’re still confused, then the Cathedral’s official address is Domkloster 4, 50667 Köln, Germany!

If you see the phrase Kölner Dom flagging up on your Google maps, then you’ve got the right spot. This is just the German name for the Cologne Cathedral.

The entrance of the Cathedral can be reached by walking up the steps to the left side of Cologne’s train station exit.

To reach the entrance to the Cathedral towers, you’ll have to walk around the outside of the building to the opposite side, aka the riverside of the Cathedral.

Here you’ll find the ticket office, a small museum and steps that lead up to the observation deck.

Costs, Access & Opening Times

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, Emblem

The Cathedral, as a whole, is open from 6am to 8pm every day, although visiting hours for tourists are generally Monday to Saturday from 10am to 5 pm and Sundays from 1pm to 4pm.

This is to accommodate Sunday mass and other services.

Entering the Cathedral itself is free.

I’ll discuss the highlights of this area more in the next section of this article.

The only part you need to pay to access inside the Cathedral is The Treasury, where entrance costs 6€ full price and 3€ for concessions. There’s also family tickets available for 12€.

The Treasury is open from 10am to 6pm.

Away from the interior of Cologne’s Cathedral, it’s also possible to climb the Southern Tower of this huge religious structure – again, I’ll go into this more later on.

Access to the Tower is available between 9am and 4pm in the winter months, 9am to 6pm in the summer months and 9am to 5pm in the Spring and Autumn months.

It costs 6€ for adults, 3€ for concessions and family tickets are available for 12€.

Guided tours of the Cathedral and Treasury are also available.

Groups are capped at 20 people and tickets can be bought up to 7 days in advance here .

Tours last 45 minutes, cost 10€ for adults (8€ for children and students) and are run every day except Saturday at 3pm.

Special tours of the Cathedral roof, excavation area, the bells and Cologne Cathedral at night are also available and bookable using the above link too.

Group sizes for special tours are capped at 12 people.

For guided tours of Cologne as a whole, which include a visit to the Cathedral, check out this recommended option , which also features a brewery visit and 2 free kolsch!

Inside the Cathedral

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, Stained Glass Window

Now that you know where to find the Cathedral and what you can do there, it’s time to discuss some of its highlights, starting inside the Cathedral itself.

Enter the Cathedral using the main street level doors and prepare to be amazed!

Another accolade incoming… this is the second tallest church in Europe!

The nave’s ceiling reaches over 40m tall and is 144m long, making it the longest nave in Germany – BOOM!

Don’t forget to check out the Gothic structures here, including the flying buttresses and spitting gargoyles, as well as the impressive stained glass windows.

Amazingly, the stained glass was removed before the bombing of Cologne during WWII, meaning all these windows are original and some even date back as far as the 14 th century, making them some of the oldest in Europe too.

The shrine of the 3 wise men (the guys from the Nativity story) can also be found inside Cologne Cathedral.

Thought to be the original reason this religious building was constructed, the relics of the 3 Biblical Magi were bought to Cologne in 1164.

Now located in a gold case that sits on the High Altar, this is the jewel in Cologne Cathedral’s crown.

And finally, we have the Cathedral Treasury.

Containing holy relics, as well as bronze, silver, and gold artworks – there’s an additional fee to get into the Treasury as I mentioned in the section above.

Climbing the Cologne Cathedral

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, View

But now we come to the most fun part in my opinion, climbing the Cathedral’s Southern Tower!

As mentioned, you’ll need to exit the Cathedral’s main doors and walk around to the opposite side of the building to find the tower access point.

There’s toilet facilities here too, as well as a small gift shop and exhibition space.

Enter and pay for your tower access at the desk… and then begin the climb!

But be warned… it’s a hefty 533 steps up to the viewing platform via a tiny spiral staircase. And there’s only one point to rest about 2 thirds of the way up!

Do not attempt this climb if you are not in good health or suffer from claustrophobia.

If you do decide to go for it, then strap in for at least 15 minutes of going up and up, round and round, as you make your way up to the 157m summit.

The final part of the climb involves walking on a constructed wooden staircase, rather than stone steps, so if heights aren’t your thing either, you may want to reconsider too!

And then, you’ve finally made it, up to the Tower for great views across Cologne’s skyline.

Sadly, safety netting does obscure the view in part, but it’s still a pretty impressive outlook.

Because the walk here is narrow and one-way, it does make sense to not rush your time at the top, so you can ensure you take in the whole 300 degree view and stop for any snaps to avoid doubling back on yourself.

I highly recommend climbing Cathedral Cathedral in the morning if possible, as this will give you the best lights for your photos.

If you’re hoping to climb the Cathedral Tower for a great sunset view, then you might want to know there’s definitely a better spot.

Head to my article about how to catch the best sunset views from the Cologne Triangle to learn more.

When climbing down, you have to use the same staircases to navigate on the way out too.

Prepare to get dizzy!

History of Cologne Cathedral

Germany, Cologne, Cathedral

And now, for all you keen beans out there, here’s a brief word about the history of Cologne Cathedral… I’ll keep it snappy because no one like a boring history lesson do they!

Construction began on the Cathedral you see today in 1248 (although there had been a church on the same site since the 4 th century).

The impetus behind this was believed to be the 3 Wise Men relics, which had been bought from Italy to Cologne by Archbishop Rainald von Dassel.

After all, 3 kings deserve a decent home right?!

Work started soon after this, but a fire burnt the building down, so work began again in 1248.

However, it was not until 1880 that the whole Cathedral was finally complete, with the 2 Towers being the last finished parts.

Such delays were caused by a multitude of hiccups, including lack of funding and rumours of one architect making a deal with the devil, but things finally smoothed out and the 19 th century Romantics eventually got their act together and finished the job!

WWII caused a bit of havoc, with Cologne’s Cathedral being bombed no less than 14 times, but thankfully the stained glass windows had been removed as I’ve mentioned.

Renovation work on the Cathedral is ongoing and even to this day, a team of around 80 to 100 people work consistently on the building to keep it safe and secure for future generations.

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Cologne Mini Travel Guide

Germany, Cologne Cathedral, Sunset

When to Visit?

I definitely recommend visiting Cologne in the summer months of June through September, when the warm weather will give the best take on this city and the views from the Cologne Cathedral.

The other great time to visit is during December, when the famous Germans Christmas markets of this city are in full flow!

How to Get to Cologne?

The international Cologne Bonn Airport is the best place to fly into if you’re travelling from further afield.

As always, I use Skyscanner to find the cheapest flight deals.

Otherwise, if you’re travelling to Cologne from across Germany, or a nearby country such as Belgium, the Netherlands, France, the Czech Republic or Austria, trains and buses will likely be easier.

Trainline is my go-to website for booking rail travel across Europe, because they allow you to easily compare a huge range of journeys based on duration, number of changes and price. You can also pay for tickets in GBP USD or EUR.

Otherwise, when it comes to budget bus travel to Cologne, it has to be Flixbus .

I’ve used this company a ton myself in Europe and know that it’s hard to beat their incredible prices.

How Long to Spend There?

Cologne has a small city centre that you should be able to cover in a day or 2.

This top-rated Cologne & Limburg full day tour is a great option if you want a guide to show you around.

Otherwise, this street art tour in the Ehrenfeld District is another winner.

Where to Stay?

For a list of recommended places to stay in Cologne, check out these great options .

Travel Insurance for Germany

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Alternatively, if you’re a long-term traveller, digital nomad or frequent remote worker seeking travel health cover, check out Safetywing’s Nomad Insurance policies.

Travel Money in Germany

When it comes to getting paying for things in Germany, you want to ensure you’re not being charged overseas transaction fees or getting poor exchange rates when using your card abroad, which is why I always take my Wise card away with me wherever I travel.

The easy way to spend when you’re travelling with real exchange rates, no markups, no sneaky transaction fees and a free Euros account, you can use your Wise card just like a debit card here.. and it links easily with Google and Apple pay – sold! Grab yours here .

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The Complete Visitor Guide to Cologne Cathedral

So that’s my full guide to the Cologne Cathedral and all you need to know about visiting and climbing it!

Have you checked out this impressive German landmark?

Have any other top tips that could help a fellow Cologne traveller out?

Then please drop them into the comments box below…

visit cologne cathedral

Creator of Big World Small Pockets, Stephanie Parker is a travel addict! Originally from Jersey in the Channel Islands, Stephanie adventures the world collecting tips, advice and stories, to share with a smile

2 thoughts on “ Cologne Cathedral: All You Need to Know About Visiting & Climbing It! ”

visit cologne cathedral

Wow, we were fortunate to tour the Dom cathedral in 1966 at that time the steps started inside, and charge was 25 cents, one mark. We were stationed at Bitburg Air Force base. What a great time went to Bonn where they had a Woolwrths, and of course American Embassy. What wonderful memories.

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Wow Dolly, sounds like a real blast from the past! Thanks for sharing the memories 🙂

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10 essential cologne cathedral facts to know before you visit.

Cologne Cathedral, or Kölner Dom, is the magnificent phoenix that rose from the smouldering embers of World War II. This is Germany’s greatest Gothic cathedral and one of Europe’s most popular tourist attractions, drawing 6 million visitors a year.

To make the most of your visit, here are ten essential Cologne Cathedral facts you should know before you go.

intricately carved door handle of cologne cathedral

Some articles on this website contain affiliate links. This means that I may earn a small commission if you make a purchase through these links. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases . Read the full disclosure here .

Cologne Cathedral Facts to Know Before You Go

1. cologne cathedral took more than 600 years to build.

Like many other great European churches, Kölner Dom was a long time in the making.

Work began on Cologne Cathedral in 1248 and it was one of the most ambitious building projects of the Middle Ages. Inaugurated in 1322, the choir is the oldest part of the church.

Thanks to the turbulent years of the Reformation, Catholic pilgrims stopped visiting Cologne Cathedral and the coffers ran dry. It wasn’t until 1880 that the cathedral was completed with the erection of its twin towers.

As it was faithful to the original plans, it is considered to be a Gothic church, as opposed to Neo-Gothic.

exterior facade of immense gothic cathedral in cologne germany

2. It survived the bombing raids of World War II

Cologne was pummelled during the Second World War. 95 percent of the city was destroyed, its core bombed out.

Miraculously, Cologne Cathedral survived intact, albeit damaged. Although 15 bombs hit the building, it didn’t fall. Its stained glass and artistic treasures had been moved to a safe place prior to the bombing raids.

3. Cologne Cathedral is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

In recognition of its outstanding Gothic architecture and as a testament to the enduring strength of European Christianity, Cologne Cathedral was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage list in 1996.

portal of cologne cathedral germany with intricately carved statues

4. Kölner Dom has its own cathedral cops

As you enter the cathedral, you will notice some men dressed in vibrant red robes. These are the Domschweizer , the equivalent of the Swiss Guard at The Vatican.

As well as acting as wardrobe police and shooing tourists out when services are about to begin, they can give advice and directions.

5. Cologne Cathedral is home to the Gero-Crucifix

To the left of the choir is the Chapel of the Cross, which features the oldest surviving monumental crucifix north of the Alps.

Carved in the 970s, the Gero-Crucifix is an unusual rendering of Jesus on the cross. He is not depicted as triumphant or suffering. Instead, he is shown eyes closed, simply dead.

medieval carved wooden crucifix seen when visiting cologne cathedral

It’s the perfect marriage of sublime art and powerful theology.

6. It is the final resting place of the Three Wise Men

carved wooden figures of 3 wise men

The mortal remains of the Magi drew pilgrims to Cologne from near and far, so much so that it attracted the funds to build the cathedral. Relics were huge in the Middle Ages.

In the 12 th Century, Frederick Barbarossa brought back the bones of the Three Kings from the conquered City of Milan and gave them to the Archbishop of Cologne, Rainald von Dassel.

They are housed in the Shrine of the Three Magi, a gilt-encased reliquary studded with jewels and enamel. Designed by Nicholas of Verdun (1130 – 1205), this is thought to be the largest and most lavish reliquary of the Western world.

gilt encased shrine with carved figurines

7. You can see the exquisite Madonna of Milan

The Shrine of the Magi is not the only show in town. The Madonna of Milan has also been attracting pilgrims for centuries.

Carved in the cathedral workshop sometime in the 1280s, this painted wooden sculpture is said to have miraculous powers.

8. There are wonderful stained glass windows

old stained glass window in cologne cathedral

Cologne Cathedral’s stained glass windows are of different vintages but are all awe-inspiring.

At the east end of the cathedral in and above the chapels, you are looking at Medieval glass. The windows along the nave are not as old.

The windows on the left-hand side with the coats of arms of the cathedral’s donors are early Renaissance.

On the right side of the nave, the glass is from the 19 th Century. It was a gift from Ludwig I, the grandfather of the more famous “Mad” King Ludwig who had a penchant for whimsical castles. These include Schloss Neuschwanstein, one of Europe’s most famous palaces .

9. You can climb the tower of Cologne Cathedral for city views

Are you feeling energetic? If so, climb 533 steps to the observation deck at the summit of the cathedral’s South Tower.

A small fee applies and there is information on opening hours and ticket price here .

The ecclesiastical gems of Cologne Cathedral Treasury are also yours to view for a fee. A combined ticket with the tower will save you money if you want to visit both.

10. Cologne Cathedral is immense

Let’s finish with key Cologne Cathedral facts and figures.

With a floor space just shy of 8,000 square meters, Kölner Dom is one of the largest cathedrals in the world. Its limestone high altar is thought to be the largest in the world. The South Tower lays claim to housing the largest swinging bell in the world, Saint Peter’s Bell.

If that’s not enough, this is the tallest twin-spired church in the world and is the second-tallest cathedral in Europe (it’s trumped by Lincoln Cathedral in England).

tall nave of Kölner Dom

Visiting Cologne Cathedral

The address of Cologne Cathedral is Domkloster 4, 50667 Köln. It is opposite Cologne’s main train station.

How much does it cost to visit Cologne Cathedral?

It is free to visit Cologne Cathedral. You will have to pay a small fee to visit the tower and treasury.

When is Cologne Cathedral open?

Cologne Cathedral is open from 10 am until 5 pm from Monday to Saturday. On Sundays, it is open from 1 pm until 4 pm. Check current times here .

Guided tours of Cologne Cathedral

The Cathedral offers a 45-minute guided tours in English. Buy your ticket at the DOMFORUM opposite the cathedral. In 2023, adult tickets cost €10.

Is Cologne Cathedral Worth Visiting?

As a masterpiece of Gothic architecture, Cologne Cathedral is unmissable.

Due to its proximity to the train station, it’s easy to visit Cologne Cathedral even if you are just passing through the city. Simply deposit your luggage in one of the secure lockers in the railway station, and spend a few hours exploring the cathedral and Cologne’s other highlights before jumping on your next train.

READ THIS NEXT : One Day in Cologne Old Town

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About Bridget

Bridget Coleman has been a passionate traveller for more than 30 years. She has visited 70+ countries, most as a solo traveller.

Articles on this site reflect her first-hand experiences.

To get in touch, email her at [email protected] or follow her on social media.

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A Visit to the Cologne Cathedral in Germany- Take Time to see the Details

I’ve visited the Cologne Cathedral in Germany many times in my life, and have explored from basement Treasury to the top of the Bell Tower,  but my visit this February for the German National Tourist Board was the first time I’ve ever crawled around on the floor. Most people, me included, walk into the immense Dom and look UP. You can’t help it. This is a massive space and so much is above eye level. It’s impossible to take everything in at once… so you find yourself staring in awe. It took  my guide, Parthena Trellopoulou-Pauli , to encourage me to look beyond the greatness… to see the DETAILS… that make the Kölner Dom a real treasure. Let me share some of those fantastic treasures with you and show you WHY you need to spend time visiting the Cologne Cathedral, and why you might want to crawl around on the floor too.

cologne cathedral in germany

The Cologne Cathedral In Germany

HOW did they do that? How could people hundreds of years ago build such a magnificent Cathedral without computers or OSHA?

cologne cathedral in germany

Let’s start with a little history. In the 9 th century, one of Europe’s largest Cathedrals already existed on the site in Cologne (or Köln). Then in 1164, Archbisop Rainald von Dassel brought the relics of the Magi (the bones of the three Kings who visited Jesus in Bethlehem) to Cologne, making the city one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the world. Naturally, they needed a magnificent building, worthy of such honor. On August 15, 1248, after months of planning, work began on the current Cathedral. 632 years later, in 1880, the final stone was laid.

cologne cathedral in germany

But work on such a large project is never really finished. Weather, the elements and war took its toll on the structure. Today there are 100 workers permanently employed fixing, rebuilding and maintaining the Dom. (If you get the chance, go around to the back of the Dom, you can see the mason’s yard, and all the statues that are in the process of being repaired).

visit cologne cathedral

Wait…. THE three Kings?

Those of you who sat through many a Christmas Pageant (Or remember the story from the book of Matthew) may remember that the Three Kings or Wise Men came from the East bringing gifts of Gold, Frankincense and Myrrh to the infant Jesus (this day is celebrated on the Epiphany, January 6 th ). In the 4 th Century, Helen, mother of the Roman Emperor Constantine, went on a quest to find remains, and was lucky enough to come across them in Persia. They moved to Constantinople for a while, then in the 5 th Century they found a home in Milan. (Around 50 years later, the church began to celebrate the”Feast of  the Epiphany” to properly honor the relics). In 1164 Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa took the relics from Milan and brought them to Cologne. The Cathedral kept the skulls safe for years, until finally in 1225, when the elaborate resting place was finished.

Today, the skulls of the Three Kings or Magi rest in a magnificent golden shrine near the Altar of the Cathedral. When you stand near it, you finally get an idea of how LARGE it is, and how much work and detail went in to the creation of this shrine. The basilica shaped box is 83 inches long and 60 inches tall, and rests on a hydraulic lift so the priest can lower it for special occasions. (Originally, the relics were taken out and people could touch them to promote healing. Later, to keep the relics from being damaged by so many fingers, people received slips of paper that had been in the shrine with the relics.)

cologne cathedral in germany

But what’s most amazing, is the detail of the gold and enamel work . Every face has a different expression, every arch is decorated with gems and enamel, you see hands, noses, tiny details, all covered in hammered gold. Follow the arches around the shrine to see a pictorial story of the history of salvation, from the beginning of time to the last judgement. And for those of you who are really paying attention… you even get a 4 th King carrying a present next to the original three… this is Otto IV. Since he paid for the box, he got to be on it too….

cologne cathedral

Behind the Altar, you will find the oldest stained glass windows in the Cologne Cathedral, dating back to the 13 th century. Look carefully. Each panel has a story from the Bible, on the right, you will find stories from the New Testament side by side with a matching story from the Old Testament. (For example, the birth of Jesus is next to the birth of Isaac).   Side note- Since the Cologne Cathedral in Germany sits close to the Cologne Hbh (Main Train Station), which was prime bombing target, these windows were carefully removed, packed up and stored during WWII to keep them out of the blast zone.

cologne cathedral in germany

While walking down the south side of the Nave, Parthena spotted a few men in Lederhosen. She very proudly showed them the “Bavarian Windows”… yes, complete with Bavarian Colors and the image of King Ludwig 1 himself. The windows were donated for an anniversary celebration and the main window showed the martyrdom of St Stephen. The guys in Lederhosen were not impressed. Shame….they were nice windows….

cologne cathedral in germany

Protecting the Dom from Destruction

A short aside…

In 1937, before the first bombs fell, Max Loosen the Cathdral Vicar saw what was coming, and began to take precautions. He ordered that crates be built to house all of the treasures, so they could be loaded and transported to safety at a moments notice. In 1940 the Medieval Stained Glass windows were removed and packed away. Finally, the pieces that couldn’t be moved, the statuary and intricately carved choir stalls were all packed up in place. The column statues were wrapped up, and boxed, then given extra support to prevent anything from falling on them from above. The choir stalls were covered with sand bags. A new Fire Brigade was established to save the Cathedral from fire. Ultimately, the Cathedral was bombed 12 times, including one which took out a huge portion of the west wall. But the overall structure stood solidly. For more information read Cologne Cathedral in World War II by Niklas Möring

When you are ready, head downstairs to the Treasury. (Be aware, there is an added charge of around 3 Euros for visiting these rooms.) The Cologne Dom Treasury is probably the largest in Germany, despite having been robbed a few times. (This is why it’s now underground). In it you will find gold chalices, historical garments, and relics from other saints. There is art and illuminated manuscripts, and even a shrine holding 3 links from St Peter’s chain.

cologne cathedral in germany

Down a different Staircase, you will find an archeological site. The Dom is the third church to be built on this site, and archeologists are always learning something new. I was fascinated by the foundation. (As a Californian, keeping buildings steady is kind of important to me). The foundation goes down 7 meters (about 23 feet) with basalt and rubble set in perfect layers to bear the weight of the massive structure.

cologne cathedral in Germany

For an unrivaled view from the Cologne Cathedral in Germany, and an incredible workout, you can’t beat climbing the 533 steps up to the viewing platform of the South Tower. The stone steps are worn in a bit from the thousands of feet that have climbed over the years, and occasional window slits give you peeks at the view to come. Stop for a while in the Bell Chamber. It houses eight bells, including the St Peter’s Bell, the largest (at 24 TONS) free swinging bell in any church worldwide. And it is LOUD! If you time your climb, you can stand in the bell chamber as they chime. Don’t worry, your hearing will eventually return….  Look out to the distance, some say that on clear days you can see the Siebengeberge, 30 Km away. I like looking for the gargoyles and intricate carvings on the towers. Imagine, making such art, then putting it up where few people would have the chance to see it.

Ok, so why was I crawling on the floor?

cologne cathedral in germany

The mosaic floors have fabulous detail. The tiny 1 cm square tiles unbelievably cover the most cathedral floor (1350 square meters or 14,500+ square feet) with beautiful images including the Archbishop Hildebold with a model of the old Cathedral, the coat of arms from various Bishops and archbishops, flowers and more. The floor made by Villeroy & Boch (that famous porcelain maker) took 14 years to install. And most people just walk right over it. Do yourself a favor, stop, get close to it, and really LOOK.

cologne cathedral in germany

The detail, like the detail in every corner of the Cathedral,  is amazing.

Ready to see the Cologne Cathedral in Germany?

Sign up for a tour of cologne and the dom.

I was hesitant to go on a tour because I had been to Cologne before. Honestly, I got more out of it with my professional guide than I imagined possible. Tours generally start at the Tourist Office near the Dom. And Dom tours are staggered, so there aren’t too many going at the same time.

More Ways to Enjoy your Trip to Cologne

cologne cathedral in germany

2 thoughts on “ A Visit to the Cologne Cathedral in Germany- Take Time to see the Details ”

Thanks for this great post on the Kölner Dom. I would like to add two things to your list: first the magnificent stained glass windows by Gerhard Richter installed in 2007, a modern take on the old idea of telling a story with a window. A great example of the fact that the cathedral is continuously in change. And then I strongly recommend to book a guided tour on top of the roof of the cathedral. Unfortunately one has to book it well in advance.

Thanks for the info. I would love to take a tour of the roof! Sadly, it was a drizzly day, and I only had a few hours this time. Next trip for sure!

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Visit of the Cologne Cathedral: A Gothic Masterpiece

The Cologne Cathedral is an exceptional demonstration of human creative genius. Built over 6 Centuries (1248-1880), it marks the zenith of cathedral architecture.

A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996, and for good reasons!

Visit of the Cologne Cathedral - Germany - roadtripsaroundtheworld.com

The Cologne Cathedral Architecture

The Cologne Cathedral is in the shape of a Latin Cross, the usual shape for Gothic Churches. It has one of the highest vaulted nave in the World with 2 side aisles. Although it took Centuries to complete, the original medieval plans were respected and very few Cathedrals display such a uniformity in style.

The quire of the Cologne Cathedral - Cologne - Germany

If you want to know more, you really should visit the Cathedral official website:  http://www.koelner-dom.de/  I have never seen a Cathedral with so much information available online. Do visit the  Virtual Tour section  to learn everything possible on this incredible place, including its architecture, legend and the crane that was used to build the tours.

The Cologne Cathedral Treasures

The Cologne Cathedral is also a Basilica as it holds one of the most precious reliquary in the World: the Shrine of the Three Kings.

The Shrine of the Three Kings, a 13 century large gilded sarcophagus in the Cologne Cathedral - Cologne - Germany

The reliquary, which was created in the early 12th century, is in the shape of a basilican church, and is made of bronze and silver richly gilded and ornamented. The reliquary is traditionally believed to hold the relics of Caspar, Melchior and Balthasar although it seems they were returned to Milan, where they were bought in the 12th century. The reliquary is heavily protected which makes it difficult to photography.

The Chapel of the Three Magi, Cologne Cathedral, Germany

The Chapel of  the Three Kings is also of true beauty.

Another priced piece of the Cathedral is the  Gero Cross or Gero Crucifix dating around 965. It is the oldest large sculpture of the crucified Christ. It measures 1.87m, around 6 feet high and was carved in oak and partially guilted.

The 10th Century Gero Cross or Gero Crucifix in the Cologne Cathedral - Germany

The Saint Mary’s Chapel Altarpiece is a triptych painted by Stefan Lochner in the 15th century and is the most significant example of the Late Gothic Cologne school of painting.

Saint Mary's Chapel Altarpiece by Stefan Lochner in the Cologne Cathedral - Germany

Talking about painting, there are also some modern ones in the North Transept….

View of the modern vaulted ceiling in the North Transept of the Cologne Cathedral - Cologne - Germany

There are numerous Gisants in the Cologne Cathedral. The most unusual one is probably the tomb to Archbishop Philipp I von Heinsberg representing the fortified wall of Cologne.

The tomb monument to Archbishop Philipp I von Heinsberg representing the fortified wall of COlogne, Cologne Cathedral, Germany

Just a detail view of another Gisant because I like it!

Detail of a Gisant in the Cologne Cathedral in Germany

The Floor of the Cologne Cathedral 

The entire floor of the Cologne Cathedral is covered by mosaic dating from the 19th Century. Very unusual I must say.

Detail of the 1,350 sqm floor mosaic from 1899, in the Cologne Cathedral - Germany

The outside of the Cologne Cathedral

The Cologne Cathedral in Germany and its Gothic Facade - Spot the lucky guy

The Cologne Cathedral is a truly Gothic masterpiece. A grandiose magnificent edifice demonstrating the genius of Men.

You can climb in the Tour (only 500 steps) and also visit the Treasure Chamber to see more reliquaries.

Reminder of the official website: http://www.koelner-dom.de/

Rules of Etiquette when visiting a Church

In this article, as you may have noticed I didn’t go into details on its architecture because as I said, the official website can give you much more information than I ever could. Instead, I want to talk to you about Etiquette! I realize this might be misplaced considering that if you are still reading this piece, you probably don’t need to be reminded of the “dos and don’ts” when visiting a church.

Unfortunately, it seems that a lot of people don’t have any clues how to behave but that might a general issue, not just a ‘church’ issue. I told you in  this article  that I really like churches and if you’ve been reading this site, you already knew this! One of the reasons is that churches are peaceful and that people seems to respect this naturally and effortlessly.

Unfortunately, when visiting the Cologne Cathedral, I had an opposite experience. It might be the size of it, it might be the incredible attraction the Cathedral has, it might be because it was summer and hoards of tourists took over the place… I’m not sure. But the general behavior of visitors was quite appalling and generally disrespectful and it really bothered me.

Whatever we are doing during your vacation, wherever we are going, we are amongst the luckiest people on Earth, just because we are on vacation and are able to travel. I thing we should all remember this and show respect to the places we are fortunate to visit. We should do this for the people who are there at the same time, for the ones who will come after you and, most importantly, for the preservation of the sites, let it be a thousand years old Cathedral, the ruins of an antique Roman temple, a museum or a natural site.

So here are a few words on Etiquette applicable when visiting a Church:

A Church is a place of prayer and reflection. Be quiet !!! No running around, no screaming, no phone… and when you speak, if you really have to, please whisper.

Please cover up . Remember that in Rome, you would be kick out of the Saint Peter’s Basilica, for not covering up your shoulders, or wearing shorts, even if you have queued for hours.

Food & drinks are not allowed inside . Spilling your Coca-Cola on the 19th Century mosaic floor like the one in the Cologne Cathedral would damage it permanently. And even if the floor isn’t covered by mosaic, it probably is made of stone that wouldn’t like the greasy stain, your ketchup would live for centuries onward.

No flash . Your flash isn’t going to do you any good anyway, in such a vast space. Go up in the ISO if you must. And if you have a quiet mode on your camera, now is the right time to use it.

No climbing  on the pulpit, on the columns, on the altars, on the iron gates, on the Gisants… even if you think you need it, to have a better view or to take a better picture.

Don’t touch ! A lot of the antique and most precious pieces are protected from people behind gates or glass walls but a lot of the incredible art isn’t. It doesn’t mean you can touch. Those pieces are most likely hundreds of years old, they can not cope with millions of visitors running their dirty fingers on them. Even if you think your fingers are clean, the bacteria you carry around, can damage stones that look indestructible. So just don’t touch anything, not the walls, not the paintings, not the statues… Yes you can touch the door to enter and exit!

Don’t spit, don’t pee … no need to explain I hope…

Don’t steal anything ! I want to say: Obviously!!! But it seems to not be obvious to some people. The votive candles are not there for you to take home as a souvenir. They are for prayers! and you are supposed to pay the indicated price. The candelabras might not be chained to the floor, the statues might not be anchored to their stands but they still belong to the church, not to you. And in small churches, postcard, small medals and rosaries might be on display in an unattended area. This is actually a shop.  They are most likely not free and if you want one of those things, you need to pay the indicated price by putting the money in the available safe box. Don’t steal the safe box… obviously…

And yes, keep your mini-you in control . The above rules apply to them as well.

Don’t forget to print your Church Vocabulary Mini Guide before your next visit! 

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How To Visit The Cologne Cathedral In 2024

If you’ve already seen photographs of the city of Cologne , then you also recognize the impressive Cologne Cathedral, one of the best examples of European Gothic architecture. With more than six million visitors per year, this temple is one of the most famous churches in Europe and probably the most popular tourist attraction in Germany.

Whether you decide to visit the city or the state of North Rhine-Westphalia (in German, Nordrhein-Westfalen), where Cologne is located, you shouldn’t miss the opportunity to explore the Cologne Cathedral. From the imposing towers to the valuable relics on display at the Treasury, there is much to discover about this cathedral.

So, do you want to know How To Visit The Cologne Cathedral In 2024? Keep reading!

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Cologne Cathedral

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Opening hours & ticket prices, brief history of the cologne cathedral.

Despite scarce records, it’s thought that there was an episcopal church from the time of the Roman Empire at the site of the current Cologne Cathedral. What is certain is that, after several reforms to the first Catholic temple, a new large church began to be built at the beginning of the 9th century. This became known as Alte Dom (“Old Cathedral”) and was extended in the following centuries.

The year 1164 was very important for the history of Cologne  because Archbishop Rainald von Dassel was able to transfer the remains of the Three Wise Men from Milan to this German city. After all, these relics have transformed the old Cologne Cathedral into one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Europe!

Shortly thereafter, the need to build a larger cathedral arose, as a result of the huge influx of visitors. Thus, Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden laid the first stone for the current Cologne Cathedral on August 15th, 1248. And its Gothic architecture was greatly influenced by French buildings such as the Sainte-Chapelle of Paris or the Amiens Cathedral.

visit cologne cathedral

Unfortunately, there were delays and prolonged interruptions in the works, which led to the deterioration of the building in the following centuries. In fact, during the occupation of the French Revolution troops at the end of the 18th century, the Cologne Cathedral even served as a warehouse and camp for prisoners of war.

Construction was only resumed in 1842, thanks to the encouragement of King Frederick William IV of Prussia and of politicians, intellectuals, and artists of that time. When the monument was finally completed in 1880, it was the tallest building in the world with two 157-meter-high towers!

During World War II, the cathedral was seriously damaged by bombings, fires, and explosives, which threatened its structural stability. However, the main relics were removed in time and hidden from the Allies. Nowadays, the traces left by the war are practically nonexistent, but restoration has been carried out to preserve the stone parts, which have been badly deteriorated by climatic conditions.

Did you know that the Cologne Cathedral was part of Germany’s fourteenth set of inscriptions on the UNESCO World Heritage List ? This 20th session of the World Heritage Committee took place in Mérida (Mexico), between December 2nd and 7th, 1996.

Two other German sites were announced in the session: Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau; and Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg.

Nowadays, Germany is the third country in the world and the second country in Europe with the most UNESCO sites, tied with France. It has fifty-two heritage assets (both cultural and natural) inscribed on the world list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization!

How to Get to the Cologne Cathedral

It’s very easy to get to the Cologne Cathedral, mainly due to the impressive height that highlights it in the city landscape. After all, this is the tallest building in Cologne, if we exclude the KölnTurm’s antenna, which rises to 165.48 meters in height (the Cologne Tower is 148.5 meters without this antenna).

Located less than 50 meters from Cologne Central Station (in German, Köln Hauptbahnhof), the Cologne Cathedral is the first perfect tourist attraction to visit, whether traveling by train, bus, tram, or taxi. If you need a place to leave your car, the surrounding area has several car parks, the closest of which are the Tiefgarage Hauptbahnhof and the Tiefgarage Am Dom (links only in German).

The Cologne Cathedral is open every day of the year, from 6 am to 8 pm. And like the vast majority of temples in Europe, admission to the monument is free. The only spaces that require a paid ticket are the Treasury and the South Tower.

However, there is no elevator to ascend the tower, just 533 steps! Another factor to take into account is the 97 meters height of its observation platform. Entrance to the South Tower has a symbolic price of €3 and visits start at 9 am but may end at 4 pm, 5 pm, or 6 pm, depending on the time of year.

The Cologne Cathedral Treasury is open daily from 10 am to 6 pm and costs €6 (adults) or €3 (children, students, and people with disabilities). If you also want to climb the South Tower, you can opt for a combined ticket at €8 or €4. Families are entitled to a special price of €12 (Treasury) or €16 (Treasury and Tower), for a maximum of two adults with children up to 18 years old.

From May 2020, Mass will be celebrated at 6:30 am, 8 am, 10 am, and 6:30 pm (Monday to Saturday) and at 7 am, 8:30 am, 10 am, 12 pm, 5 pm, and 7 pm (on Sundays). All practical information on religious services can be found on the official website of Cologne Cathedral .

What to See at the Cologne Cathedral

Central nave.

As I mentioned earlier, the layout of this German cathedral was largely based on that of the Cathedral of Amiens (in northern France), especially in terms of dimensions, proportions, and style.

In the shape of a Latin cross, the central nave of the Cologne Cathedral can appear reasonably narrow at 45 meters wide, especially when compared to other churches in France and the United Kingdom at the same time. But did you know that its 144 meters in length make it the longest church in Germany?

visit cologne cathedral

On each side of the nave, there are two aisles that culminate in the transept and through which thousands of tourists circulate every day. The Cologne Cathedral is dedicated to Saint Peter and the Virgin Mary, including several representations of these two biblical figures, among altars, statues, and stained glass.

Shrine of the Three Kings

Known in German as Dreikönigsschrein, the Reliquary of the Three Kings is a tomb where, allegedly, the remains of the Three Wise Men referred to in the Bible are kept. Placed in a huge display case behind the main altar of the Cologne Cathedral, it’s considered the largest shrine in the western world.

This funerary urn took almost half a century to be built and was completed in 1225. The main responsible for its creation was Nicolau de Verdun, a renowned goldsmith in activity at the end of the 12th century.

visit cologne cathedral

Richly ornamented, the Reliquary of the Three Kings is made of wood and coated with gold, silver, enamel, and various precious and semi-precious stones. Interestingly, the three sarcophagi form a basilica: two of them are arranged at the bottom, side by side, and a third forms the “roof” at the top.

Stained Glass

Like any other Gothic cathedral, the Cologne Cathedral has a very rich abundance of stained glass, which was created over almost eight centuries! These colorful windows portray saints and other biblical figures during important events in the history of the Church.

For example, the stained glass in the photograph tells the story of Saint Peter on the upper left and the prophecy about the “root of Jesse” on the right. Below, it was painted the moment when Philip II von Daun was elected Archbishop of Cologne, in 1508.

visit cologne cathedral

Currently, one of the most popular stained glass windows in the Cologne Cathedral is the Richter-Fenster (“Richter Window”), named after its creator Gerhard Richter. It was inaugurated on August 25th, 2007, and is the monument’s most recent window.

Located in the south transept of the cathedral, the Richter-Fenster has 106 m² of surface and 11,263 glass squares, which use 72 colors also present in the remaining stained glass. To see this “game of lights” in its fullness, I recommend that you visit this area of Cologne Cathedral in the late morning, during a sunny day.

The Cologne Cathedral’s Treasury is the largest and one of the most important in Germany. At first, the treasury was a collection of relics from the Middle Ages, to which were added donations and gifts from bishops, popes, kings, and emperors. Above all, the collection that is displayed in this kind of “museum of sacred art” is the legacy of centuries of history of the Cologne Cathedral.

The only thing that distinguishes the Cologne Cathedral’s Treasury from a conventional museum is the fact that many of its pieces are still used for ecclesiastical purposes. Installed on the right side of the north transept, it has a very rich collection that includes manuscripts, reliquaries, chalices, wards, and liturgical vestments, among others.

Did you know that the two towers of Cologne Cathedral have different heights? The North Tower is 157.18 meters, while the South Tower is 157.22 meters high! Still, it was these steeples that made Cologne Cathedral the tallest cathedral in the world as of today, as well as the tallest building in the world between 1880 and 1884.

The main bell of the Cologne Cathedral is located in the South Tower and is called Petersglocke, which means Peter’s Bell. However, the inhabitants of the city gave it the nickname Der dicke Pitter (“The Fat Peter”), due to his monumental weight. After all, it’s 24 tons, and the clapper alone weighs around 600 kg!

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What photography gear do i use.

  • Camera Body: Fujifilm X-T4 Mirrorless
  • Camera Lens: Fujinon XF 18-55 mm F2.8-4 R LM OIS
  • Tripod: Manfrotto Compact Action
  • Small Tripod: Manfrotto PIXI Mini
  • Smartphone Adaptor: Manfrotto PIXI Clamp
  • Memory Card: SanDisk 128GB Extreme PRO SDXC

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The Ultimate Guide to Exploring 10 Historic Churches 2024 – Sacred Spaces and Their Stories

Posted: February 21, 2024 | Last updated: February 21, 2024

<p><strong>Exploring historic churches is not just a journey through religious architecture; it’s an exploration of history, art, and spirituality. These sacred spaces, ranging from grand cathedrals to intimate chapels, offer a glimpse into their times’ cultural and spiritual life. This guide will take you through 10 of the world’s most historic and awe-inspiring churches, revealing their stories and the secrets they hold.</strong></p>

Exploring historic churches is not just a journey through religious architecture; it’s an exploration of history, art, and spirituality. These sacred spaces, ranging from grand cathedrals to intimate chapels, offer a glimpse into their times’ cultural and spiritual life. This guide will take you through 10 of the world’s most historic and awe-inspiring churches, revealing their stories and the secrets they hold.

<p><span>Experience the grandeur of Gothic architecture at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. Situated on the Île de la Cité, this historical marvel boasts flying buttresses, gargoyles, and remarkable rose windows. Inside, the cathedral is just as impressive, with its high vaulted ceilings and beautiful stained glass. Don’t miss the Treasury for its sacred relics and the opportunity to climb the towers, where you can enjoy a stunning view of the Seine and the Parisian skyline. Visit in the evening to catch the magnificent light show or attend an organ concert for an immersive experience.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Attend an evening concert to experience the cathedral’s acoustics.</span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Spring or fall for fewer crowds. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Easily accessible via the Cité or Saint-Michel Notre-Dame metro stations.</span></p>

1. Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, France

Experience the grandeur of Gothic architecture at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. Situated on the Île de la Cité, this historical marvel boasts flying buttresses, gargoyles, and remarkable rose windows. Inside, the cathedral is just as impressive, with its high vaulted ceilings and beautiful stained glass. Don’t miss the Treasury for its sacred relics and the opportunity to climb the towers, where you can enjoy a stunning view of the Seine and the Parisian skyline. Visit in the evening to catch the magnificent light show or attend an organ concert for an immersive experience.

Insider’s Tip: Attend an evening concert to experience the cathedral’s acoustics.

When To Travel: Spring or fall for fewer crowds.

How To Get There: Easily accessible via the Cité or Saint-Michel Notre-Dame metro stations.

<p><span>Visit St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City to witness the heart of the Catholic world and a masterpiece of Renaissance architecture. Inside, you’ll find stunning works of art, including Michelangelo’s Pietà and Bernini’s Baldachin. The climb to the top of the dome offers a breathtaking panoramic view of Rome and the Vatican gardens. The scale of the basilica is awe-inspiring, from its imposing facade to the vastness of its interior. Remember to dress modestly as a sign of respect when visiting this sacred site.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Dress conservatively as a sign of respect for this sacred site. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Visit in the off-season to avoid long lines. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Reachable by metro (Ottaviano-S. Pietro-Musei Vaticani station).</span></p>

2. St. Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City, Italy

Visit St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City to witness the heart of the Catholic world and a masterpiece of Renaissance architecture. Inside, you’ll find stunning works of art, including Michelangelo’s Pietà and Bernini’s Baldachin. The climb to the top of the dome offers a breathtaking panoramic view of Rome and the Vatican gardens. The scale of the basilica is awe-inspiring, from its imposing facade to the vastness of its interior. Remember to dress modestly as a sign of respect when visiting this sacred site.

Insider’s Tip: Dress conservatively as a sign of respect for this sacred site.

When To Travel: Visit in the off-season to avoid long lines.

How To Get There: Reachable by metro (Ottaviano-S. Pietro-Musei Vaticani station).

<p><span>The Sagrada Família, Antoni Gaudí’s renowned unfinished masterpiece, uniquely explores architectural innovation in Barcelona. The church’s facades, each depicting different biblical themes, are a testament to Gaudí’s creative genius. The stained-glass windows create a symphony of light that illuminates the intricate columns and ceilings. Ascend the towers for a closer look at the architectural details and a panoramic view of the city. The ongoing construction, part of the church’s charm, speaks to the evolving nature of this iconic structure.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Book tickets online in advance to skip the long queues. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Early spring or late fall for a more peaceful visit. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Accessible via the Sagrada Família metro station.</span></p>

3. Sagrada Família, Barcelona, Spain

The Sagrada Família, Antoni Gaudí’s renowned unfinished masterpiece, uniquely explores architectural innovation in Barcelona. The church’s facades, each depicting different biblical themes, are a testament to Gaudí’s creative genius. The stained-glass windows create a symphony of light that illuminates the intricate columns and ceilings. Ascend the towers for a closer look at the architectural details and a panoramic view of the city. The ongoing construction, part of the church’s charm, speaks to the evolving nature of this iconic structure.

Insider’s Tip: Book tickets online in advance to skip the long queues.

When To Travel: Early spring or late fall for a more peaceful visit.

How To Get There: Accessible via the Sagrada Família metro station.

<p><span>Explore the rich history of England at Westminster Abbey in London. This Gothic church is a place of worship and a significant site for royal ceremonies and burials. The abbey houses tombs of monarchs, poets, and scientists, each with their own story. The Poets’ Corner is particularly noteworthy, resting place of figures like Shakespeare and Dickens. Try to attend Evensong for a traditional Anglican service accompanied by the renowned choir, a truly serene experience.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Attend the Evensong service for a spiritual and musical experience. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Weekday mornings are typically less crowded. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>A short walk from Westminster or St. James’s Park tube stations.</span></p>

4. Westminster Abbey, London, England

Explore the rich history of England at Westminster Abbey in London. This Gothic church is a place of worship and a significant site for royal ceremonies and burials. The abbey houses tombs of monarchs, poets, and scientists, each with their own story. The Poets’ Corner is particularly noteworthy, resting place of figures like Shakespeare and Dickens. Try to attend Evensong for a traditional Anglican service accompanied by the renowned choir, a truly serene experience.

Insider’s Tip: Attend the Evensong service for a spiritual and musical experience.

When To Travel: Weekday mornings are typically less crowded.

How To Get There: A short walk from Westminster or St. James’s Park tube stations.

<p><span>St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow, with its colorful, onion-domed towers, symbolizes Russia’s architectural creativity. Each dome of this iconic cathedral represents a different chapel, with vibrant frescoes and ornate altars. The interior is a maze of narrow corridors and small chapels, each uniquely decorated. Visit at night when the cathedral is illuminated to fully appreciate its beauty and the intricate details of its design.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Visit at night when the cathedral is beautifully illuminated. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Late spring or early summer for pleasant weather. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Located in Red Square, it’s easily accessible on foot from many parts of central Moscow.</span></p>

5. St. Basil’s Cathedral, Moscow, Russia

St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow, with its colorful, onion-domed towers, symbolizes Russia’s architectural creativity. Each dome of this iconic cathedral represents a different chapel, with vibrant frescoes and ornate altars. The interior is a maze of narrow corridors and small chapels, each uniquely decorated. Visit at night when the cathedral is illuminated to fully appreciate its beauty and the intricate details of its design.

Insider’s Tip: Visit at night when the cathedral is beautifully illuminated.

When To Travel: Late spring or early summer for pleasant weather.

How To Get There: Located in Red Square, it’s easily accessible on foot from many parts of central Moscow.

<p><span>Immerse yourself in the spiritual ambiance of Chartres Cathedral, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its stunning architecture and stained-glass windows. The cathedral’s labyrinth on the floor is a highlight, offering a meditative journey for visitors. The blue Chartres stained glass, especially in the famous Rose Window, is renowned for its vibrancy and craftsmanship. The cathedral also hosts light shows illuminating its exterior, showcasing its spectacular architectural details.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Try to visit on a sunny day when the stained glass truly comes to life. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Spring or early fall to avoid the tourist peak season. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>About an hour by train from Paris.</span></p>

6. Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France

Immerse yourself in the spiritual ambiance of Chartres Cathedral, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its stunning architecture and stained-glass windows. The cathedral’s labyrinth on the floor is a highlight, offering a meditative journey for visitors. The blue Chartres stained glass, especially in the famous Rose Window, is renowned for its vibrancy and craftsmanship. The cathedral also hosts light shows illuminating its exterior, showcasing its spectacular architectural details.

Insider’s Tip: Try to visit on a sunny day when the stained glass truly comes to life.

When To Travel: Spring or early fall to avoid the tourist peak season.

How To Get There: About an hour by train from Paris.

<p><span>Discover the Duomo di Milano, an iconic symbol of Milan and one of the largest Gothic cathedrals in the world. Its elaborate façade, adorned with numerous statues and spires, is an architectural marvel. The interior is equally impressive, with high ceilings and stained-glass windows depicting various biblical stories. Don’t miss the chance to visit the rooftop terraces, where you can walk among the spires and enjoy a unique view of Milan’s cityscape.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>The rooftop is especially impressive at sunset. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Visit in the shoulder season to avoid crowds. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>It’s located in the city center and accessible by metro (Duomo station).</span></p>

7. Duomo di Milano, Milan, Italy

Discover the Duomo di Milano, an iconic symbol of Milan and one of the largest Gothic cathedrals in the world. Its elaborate façade, adorned with numerous statues and spires, is an architectural marvel. The interior is equally impressive, with high ceilings and stained-glass windows depicting various biblical stories. Don’t miss the chance to visit the rooftop terraces, where you can walk among the spires and enjoy a unique view of Milan’s cityscape.

Insider’s Tip: The rooftop is especially impressive at sunset.

When To Travel: Visit in the shoulder season to avoid crowds.

How To Get There: It’s located in the city center and accessible by metro (Duomo station).

<p><span>Explore the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, a magnificent structure that has stood as a church, a mosque, and now a museum. This architectural marvel boasts a massive dome, stunning mosaics, and Islamic calligraphy. Its upper galleries provide a closer view of the intricate mosaics and offer a unique perspective of the interior and the sprawling city outside. The Hagia Sophia is a testament to Istanbul’s diverse religious history and architectural innovation.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Look for the Viking graffiti on the upper gallery marble balustrades. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Situated in Sultanahmet, it’s easily accessible by tram.</span></p>

8. Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey

Explore the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, a magnificent structure that has stood as a church, a mosque, and now a museum. This architectural marvel boasts a massive dome, stunning mosaics, and Islamic calligraphy. Its upper galleries provide a closer view of the intricate mosaics and offer a unique perspective of the interior and the sprawling city outside. The Hagia Sophia is a testament to Istanbul’s diverse religious history and architectural innovation.

Insider’s Tip: Look for the Viking graffiti on the upper gallery marble balustrades.

When To Travel: Early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds.

How To Get There: Situated in Sultanahmet, it’s easily accessible by tram.

<p><span>Visit the Florence Cathedral, an architectural masterpiece in the heart of the city. Known for its striking red dome designed by Brunelleschi, the cathedral stands as a testament to the ingenuity of the Renaissance. The exterior, with its intricate marble panels, is as impressive as the vast interior. Climbing the dome is a highlight, offering stunning views of Florence and a close-up look at the frescoes inside the dome.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Visit the adjacent Baptistery to see the famous bronze doors. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Early spring or late fall to avoid the heavy tourist crowds. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Located in the heart of Florence, it’s best explored on foot.</span></p>

9. Florence Cathedral (Duomo), Florence, Italy

Visit the Florence Cathedral, an architectural masterpiece in the heart of the city. Known for its striking red dome designed by Brunelleschi, the cathedral stands as a testament to the ingenuity of the Renaissance. The exterior, with its intricate marble panels, is as impressive as the vast interior. Climbing the dome is a highlight, offering stunning views of Florence and a close-up look at the frescoes inside the dome.

Insider’s Tip: Visit the adjacent Baptistery to see the famous bronze doors.

When To Travel: Early spring or late fall to avoid the heavy tourist crowds.

How To Get There: Located in the heart of Florence, it’s best explored on foot.

<p><span>Experience the awe-inspiring grandeur of Cologne Cathedral, a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. The cathedral’s twin spires dominate Cologne’s skyline, and its interior houses an impressive collection of art, including the Shrine of the Three Kings. The stained-glass windows, particularly the modern ones in the south transept, are notable for their intricate designs and vivid colors. Climbing the south tower rewards you with a panoramic view of Cologne and the Rhine River.</span></p> <p><b>Insider’s Tip: </b><span>Climb the south tower for a breathtaking view of the city and the Rhine. </span></p> <p><b>When To Travel: </b><span>Visit during the week to avoid weekend crowds. </span></p> <p><b>How To Get There: </b><span>Conveniently located near the main train station in Cologne.</span></p>

10. Cologne Cathedral, Cologne, Germany

Experience the awe-inspiring grandeur of Cologne Cathedral, a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. The cathedral’s twin spires dominate Cologne’s skyline, and its interior houses an impressive collection of art, including the Shrine of the Three Kings. The stained-glass windows, particularly the modern ones in the south transept, are notable for their intricate designs and vivid colors. Climbing the south tower rewards you with a panoramic view of Cologne and the Rhine River.

Insider’s Tip: Climb the south tower for a breathtaking view of the city and the Rhine.

When To Travel: Visit during the week to avoid weekend crowds.

How To Get There: Conveniently located near the main train station in Cologne.

<p><span>Exploring the Scottish Highlands is not just about seeing the sights; it’s about experiencing them in comfort and style. From the Victorian elegance of The Fife Arms in Braemar to the secluded luxury of Boath House in Nairn, each location offers a unique way to enjoy the region’s natural beauty and rich history.</span></p> <p><span>Whether you’re looking for outdoor adventures, cultural immersion, or simply a peaceful retreat amidst stunning landscapes, these destinations cater to various preferences. With insights on the best times to visit, how to get there, and insider tips, planning your Highland adventure becomes a straightforward task. In the wilds of Scotland, each of these luxury experiences promises a memorable journey, blending the allure of the past with the comforts of the present.</span></p> <p><span>The post <a href="https://passingthru.com/luxury-experiences-in-scotlands-historic-highlands/">6 Luxury Experiences in Scotland’s Historic Highlands 2024</a> republished on </span><a href="https://passingthru.com/"><span>Passing Thru</span></a></p> <p><span>Featured Image Credit: Shutterstock / JeniFoto.</span></p> <p><span>For transparency, this content was partly developed with AI assistance and carefully curated by an experienced editor to be informative and ensure accuracy.</span></p>

The Bottom Line

Your journey through these historic churches is more than just a tour of religious sites; it explores history, culture, and art. Each church offers a unique window into the past, from the Gothic spires of Cologne to the Byzantine domes of Hagia Sophia. As you wander these sacred spaces, take a moment to appreciate the silence, the beauty, and the stories they hold. Every stone, window, and painting in these churches has a tale to tell, waiting for you to discover.

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The post The Ultimate Guide to Exploring 10 Historic Churches – Sacred Spaces and Their Stories republished on Passing Thru with permission from The Green Voyage .

Featured Image Credit: Shutterstock / Korkusung.

For transparency, this content was partly developed with AI assistance and carefully curated by an experienced editor to be informative and ensure accuracy.

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Cologne Cathedral – The Historical Cologne Cathedral Interior

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Cologne Cathedral’s charming Romanesque and Gothic architecture draws tourists from all over the world daily. Also known as the Koelner Dom or Cologne Dom, the cathedral is the Archbishop of Cologne’s seat. To find out everything you want to know about the Cologne Cathedral’s interior and façade, as well as all the interesting Cologne Cathedral facts, carry on reading below!

Table of Contents

  • 1 An In-Depth Look at the Cologne Cathedral
  • 2.1 Ancient Utilization of the Site
  • 2.2 The Cologne Cathedral’s Medieval Beginnings
  • 2.3 Completion in the 19th Century
  • 2.4 The Cologne Cathedral in WW2
  • 2.5 Cologne Cathedral in the 21st Century
  • 3 The Architecture of the Cologne Cathedral
  • 4 Notable Treasures and Artworks of the Cologne Cathedral
  • 5 Interesting Cologne Cathedral Facts
  • 6.1 Why Was the Koelner Dom Built?
  • 6.2 What Happened to the Cologne Cathedral in WW2?
  • 6.3 How Long Did It Take to Build the Cologne Cathedral?
  • 6.4 What Notable Works Are Housed in the Cologne Cathedral?

An In-Depth Look at the Cologne Cathedral

Located directly next to the main train station of Cologne Germany, the cathedral is the very first monument seen from the airport railway, which transports hundreds of people every hour between the German metropolis and the surrounding areas and beyond. Nowadays, Koelner Dom is regarded as the icon of Cologne, visible from nearly every vantage spot in the city. Around 100 craftspeople are presently engaged full-time to renovate the Cologne Dom and preserve it in pristine condition for future generations.

Cologne Cathedral Interior

History of the Cologne Cathedral

Before the completion of the Koelner Dom, Cologne was considered to be a rather quiet community that did not leave much of an impression on the global map. That began to change in the 12th century when Archbishop Rainald von Dassel returned from his trip to Italy with special relics. Cologne Dom, like so many other basilicas, cathedrals, and large edifices around Europe, was built over many years. Despite the fact that work on the ecclesiastical structure started in 1248, the towers were only finally completed in 1880. However, there is more to the story of Cologne Germany, the cathedral, and the relics. 

The site had already previously been utilized for many earlier buildings before work on the current Cologne Cathedral commenced with the placement of the foundation stone in 1248. Let’s start with the ancient use of the site.

Ancient Utilization of the Site

The first structure may possibly have been used for grain storage and replaced by a Roman temple erected by Mercurius Augustus. Yet, starting in the 4th century, the region was covered with Christian structures, such as the “oldest cathedral”, a square structure ordered to be built by Maternus, the first bishop of Cologne. A free-standing baptistery from the 7th century stood near the east end of the current cathedral, but it was dismantled in the 9th century to make way for the new cathedral. During the current cathedral’s excavations, tombs were unearthed in the area of the oldest segment of the structure, including one of a child lavishly decorated with grave ornaments and a second of a woman, widely assumed to be Wisigard. Both burials are considered to date to the 6th century.  The second cathedral, known as the “Old Cathedral”, was finished in 818 CE and was razed by fire on the 30th of April 1248.

Koelner Dom

The Cologne Cathedral’s Medieval Beginnings

Rainald of Dassel, Archbishop of Cologne, received the relics of the Three Kings that Frederick Barbarossa had seized from the Basilica of Sant’Eustorgio in 1164. Some of the remains were later restored to Milan. The relics have immense religious importance and have drawn people from all over the world. It was crucial to church authorities that they be adequately housed, therefore they launched a construction program in the new Gothic architectural style , based mostly on the cathedral of Amiens in France.

Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden laid the foundation stone on the 15th of August 1248.

The eastern wing was finished under Master Gerhard’s leadership, dedicated in 1322, and blocked off by a provisional wall so it could be utilized while the work was being completed. Master Michael began construction on the west front in the mid-14th century. This construction was completed in 1473, leaving the southern tower constructed up to the belfry level and capped with a massive crane. Construction on the building of the nave between the western front and the eastern wing continued intermittently until the 16th century.

Completion in the 19th Century

Prompted by the 19th-century Romantic fervor for the Medieval era and driven by the rediscovery of the initial facade plan, it was determined to build the cathedral with the support of the Protestant Prussian Court. The Central-Dombau Verein, created in 1842, financed two-thirds of the massive expenditures, with the Prussian state covering the other third. The state considered this as a method to strengthen ties with the vast number of Catholic citizens it had received in 1815, but it was also viewed as a project to represent German nationhood after 1871.

Cologne Germany Cathedral

Production on the original plan of the extant medieval blueprints and drawings was restarted in 1842, but with more contemporary building techniques, such as iron roof girders. The nave was finished, and the towers were built. The bells were hung in the 1870s. On the 14th of August 1880, more than 630 years after work began, Germany’s greatest cathedral was finally completed. Emperor Wilhelm I attended the ceremony. It was the highest structure on the planet for four years, until the construction of the Washington Monument.

The Cologne Cathedral in WW2

During WWII, the cathedral was struck 14 times by aircraft bombs. Despite being severely damaged, it stood strong in a city that had been utterly destroyed. The twin spires served as an immediately identifiable navigational point for Allied bombers. On the 6th of March 1945, a spot west of the cathedral saw fierce fighting between American tanks from a Panther Ausf and the 3rd Armored Division. A nearby Panzer, a German medium tank, was parked beside a mound of wreckage outside a train station, directly next to the Cologne Cathedral’s twin spires.

The Panzer took out two tanks, and killed three troops, before being annihilated minutes later by a T26E3 Pershing. For the duration of the war, the wrecked Panzer was displayed at the foot of the cathedral.

Damage repairs were concluded in 1956. An emergency repair to the northwestern tower’s base, completed in 1944 using low-quality brick salvaged from a neighboring wrecked structure, was visible as a memory of the war until 2005 when it was determined to restore the portion to its former aesthetic. Archaeological investigations started in 1946 under the direction of Otto Doppelfeld to determine if the bombings had harmed the Koelner Dom’s foundations and were completed in 1997.

Cologne Cathedral Facts

In one of the most significant church excavations, they discovered previously unknown elements of ancient buildings on the site. As rain, wind, and pollution erode the stones, maintenance, and repair work is routinely carried out in one or more sections of the structure, which is rarely totally free of scaffolding. The Dombauhütte, which was formed to construct and maintain the Cologne Dom is believed to use the greatest stonemasons in the Rhineland. The Central-Dombau Verein continues to bear half of the expenditures of repair and upkeep.

Cologne Cathedral in the 21st Century

During his apostolic tour to Germany for World Youth Day in 2005, Pope Benedict XVI made a stop at the Koelner Dom on the 18th of August 2005. During this period, approximately one million people viewed the Cologne Cathedral’s interior. As part of World Youth Day celebrations, Cologne Cathedral presented a broadcast gala production of Beethoven’s Missa Solemnis, directed by Sir Gilbert Levine and delivered by the London Philharmonic Choir and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.

The Cologne Dom was fitted with a new stained-glass window in the southern transept on the 25th of August 2007.

Gerhard Richter, a German artist, constructed the 113-square-meter glass sculpture, with contributions covering the €400,000 cost. It is constructed of 11,500 equally sized shards of colored glass emulating pixels, randomly assembled by software, which produces a colorful carpet-like effect.  Since the original window was destroyed during WWII, the opening had been temporarily covered with plain glass.

The Architecture of the Cologne Cathedral

In terms of the floor plan, design, and the height-to-width proportions of the central nave, the Cologne Cathedral’s design very closely resembled that of Amiens Cathedral. The plan is arranged like a Latin Cross, as is typical of Gothic churches . It contains two aisles on the sides, which assist to sustain one of the world’s tallest Gothic vaults, almost as high as that in the Beauvais Cathedral, the majority of which collapsed. The outward force of the vault is absorbed externally by flying buttresses in the French style.

The Cologne Cathedral’s inside adornment is equally remarkable. The medieval choir is more diversified than the 19th-century structure. It has a French-style layout of a very tall arcade, a delicate thin triforium gallery illuminated by windows, and elaborate tracery that merges with that of the windows above. The clerestory windows are long, with some figurative glass remaining in the lower parts. The towering shafts that stretch uninterrupted from the floor to their capitals at the vault’s spring bring the entire structure together. The vault has a simple quadripartite layout.

The choir still has many of its original fixtures, notably the carved stalls, which is remarkable given that French Revolutionary forces vandalized the structure.

A massive stone sculpture of St Christopher stares down at the previous entrance to the cathedral before it was completed in the late 19th century. Many stained-glass windows from the 19th century may be seen in the nave. The Bayernfenster, a group of five windows on the southern side, was a donation from Ludwig I of Bavaria and vividly depicts the German painterly style of the time. Externally, the structure is dominated by its massive spires, which are totally Germanic in style, being openwork like those of Vienna, Ulm, and Strasbourg cathedrals.

Notable Treasures and Artworks of the Cologne Cathedral

The High Altar, which was erected in 1322, is one of the cathedral’s treasures. It is made of black marble, with a 4.5-meter-long solid slab constituting the top. The sides and front are covered with white marble recesses into which statues are inserted, with the Coronation of the Virgin (1350) in the center. The Shrine of the Three Kings , ordered by Philip von Heinsberg, archbishop of Cologne from 1167 to 1191, and completed in 1190 by Nicholas of Verdun, is the cathedral’s most acclaimed piece of art.

Cologne Dom

It is said to house the relics of the Three Wise Men, whose remains were seized by Frederick Barbarossa during his invasion of Milan in 1164. The shrine is a massive reliquary in the style of a basilica, composed of silver and bronze, gilded and embellished with architectonic features, figurative sculptures, gemstones, and enamels. The shrine was discovered to contain bones and clothes when it was uncovered in 1864. The Gero Crucifix, located near the sacristy, is a massive crucifix crafted from oak with remnants of gilding and paint still visible.

It is the earliest-known significant free-standing Northern artwork of the medieval era, thought to have been produced around 960 CE for Archbishop Gero.

The St. Mary’s Chapel houses the altar of Cologne’s patron saints, with an altarpiece by renowned Gothic artist Stefan Lochner. The radiating chapels were initially used as burial places once they were completed in 1265. The relics of Saint Irmgardis were interred at the St. Agnes’ Chapel. The cathedral masons’ guild is said to have constructed her trachyte tomb in about 1280.

Interesting Cologne Cathedral Facts

That wraps up the history of Cologne Cathedral. However, for those of you who do not necessarily enjoy reading through the entire history of the Cologne Dom, we have compiled some of the most interesting Cologne Cathedral facts for you. Let’s start with its heritage status.

  • The cathedral was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage List of culturally significant monuments in 1996. It was included as the sole Western site in danger on the “World Heritage in Danger” list in 2004, because of proposals to erect many high-rise structures nearby, which would have dramatically affected the site. Given the authorities’ resolution to restrict the heights of structures built close to and around the building, the Koelner Dom was taken off the list in 2006.
  • Construction took some time. It takes time to build cathedrals for a couple of reasons. The first is that the majority of them were constructed prior to the use of electric or steam power, thus all of those big stones had to be moved, cut, and fastened using rudimentary tools. The second argument is that cathedral construction is costly. The Cologne Cathedral is a prime example: construction began in 1248 and was not finalized until the two large towers were erected in 1880.
  • The Cologne Cathedral has a capacity of around 20,000 people . The Cologne Dom is vast, with around 8,000 square meters of floor space. This makes the inside of Cologne Cathedral the third-largest church in the world. The cathedral’s choir is the biggest in Germany. Its most notable feature is two seats designated for the King and Pope.

Cologne Cathedral Inside

  • The Cologne Cathedral’s top part houses 11 church bells. One of the bells in Cologne Cathedral weighs 24 tons. Eight bells are housed in cages in the southern spire, while three are housed on the ridge turret. The first to be placed was the 3.4-ton bell of the Three Kings. The largest bell in the Cathedral, St. Peter’s Bell, was cast in 1922. It weighs 24 tons, has a width of 3.2 meters, and was brought to Cologne in 1875.
  • The City of Cologne can be viewed from above. Because of its towers, the Cologne Cathedral was the highest structure in the world between 1880 and 1884. The towers were erected in the 19th century in accordance with the original designs, and the south tower was adorned with a platform that is still available to visitors today and offers a sweeping view of the entire city below.
  • The Cologne Cathedral inside is incredibly beautiful. The cathedral is a veritable museum, with several excellent altarpieces. Visitors may witness the earliest stained-glass window in Germany, which stretches back to the 13th century and is regarded as the earliest intact ‘Bible window’ in the Cathedral Chapel. Furthermore, the Cologne Cathedral holds the earliest portrayal of the Crucifixion in Western Art, a carved-in-oak Gero Crucifix dating from the 970s and often regarded as the oldest surviving architectural artwork.
The Cologne Cathedral is the most visited attraction in the city. Its tale begins in 1248, propelled by human desire. The Cologne Cathedral, an architectural wonder that is supposed to have made the devil envious, includes extraordinary artworks and holy relics that continue to astonish millions of tourists today. The Cologne Dom, with its massive twin spires embellished with magnificent sculptures, is recognized for possessing the world’s biggest façade of any cathedral!

Frequently Asked Questions

Why was the koelner dom built.

The Three Wise Men arrived in Bethlehem after following a star, carrying gifts for the infant Jesus. When their task was finished, they returned home and were never seen or heard from again. It wasn’t until many centuries later that Saint Helen found the Wise Men’s remains and transported them to Constantinople. The remains were moved to Milan in 314 CE and stayed there for 800 years until Archbishop Rainald von Dassel took them to Cologne in 1164. A golden temple was built years later to protect the bones of the three Kings, but it was insufficient. A magnificent cathedral seemed a better choice for carefully keeping the remains. The Cologne Cathedral’s inside halls now house the relics.

What Happened to the Cologne Cathedral in WW2?

During WWII, around 70 firebombs and 14 very powerful bombs were dropped on the cathedral. Fortunately, its size and recognized structure rescued it from total destruction by serving as a point of reference for pilots flying above the city. The choir and transept had already been rebuilt by 1948, but the west wing and façade took longer to recover. Fortunately, despite several attacks, the cathedral’s basic design was saved, and it currently stands as a superb blend of Gothic architecture and the 19th-century Neo-Gothic revival.

How Long Did It Take to Build the Cologne Cathedral?

The construction started in 1248, and by 1265, the choir aisles and chevet had been finished. Despite the fact that building on the cathedral ceased and certain elements remained incomplete, it was consecrated in 1322. Due to the French Revolution, when the city was captured by the French soldiers, the structure was repurposed as a jail, with portions of it turned into storage rooms and barracks, and the furniture of the nave used mostly for firewood. The renovation began again in the 19th century, and the Germans marked the inauguration of the magnificent cathedral with a national celebration in 1880.

What Notable Works Are Housed in the Cologne Cathedral?

The Chapel of the Virgin is decorated with The Patron Saints of Cologne (c. 1440), an altarpiece produced by Stephan Lochner, the most important artist of his time in Cologne, while a stained-glass window in the southern transept lends a contemporary touch to the cathedral. The modern art sculpture, created by famous German artist Gerhard Richter, is made up of about 11,000 equally sized glass pieces in 72 hues. Finally, it is stated that the magnificent wooden statue depicting the Virgin Mary carrying Jesus possesses mystical abilities.

justin van huyssteen

Justin van Huyssteen is a freelance writer, novelist, and academic originally from Cape Town, South Africa. At present, he has a bachelor’s degree in English and literary theory and an honor’s degree in literary theory. He is currently working towards his master’s degree in literary theory with a focus on animal studies, critical theory, and semiotics within literature. As a novelist and freelancer, he often writes under the pen name L.C. Lupus.

Justin’s preferred literary movements include modern and postmodern literature with literary fiction and genre fiction like sci-fi, post-apocalyptic, and horror being of particular interest. His academia extends to his interest in prose and narratology. He enjoys analyzing a variety of mediums through a literary lens, such as graphic novels, film, and video games.

Justin is working for artincontext.org as an author and content writer since 2022. He is responsible for all blog posts about architecture, literature and poetry.

Learn more about Justin van Huyssteen and the Art in Context Team .

Cite this Article

Justin, van Huyssteen, “Cologne Cathedral – The Historical Cologne Cathedral Interior.” Art in Context. March 22, 2023. URL: https://artincontext.org/cologne-cathedral/

van Huyssteen, J. (2023, 22 March). Cologne Cathedral – The Historical Cologne Cathedral Interior. Art in Context. https://artincontext.org/cologne-cathedral/

van Huyssteen, Justin. “Cologne Cathedral – The Historical Cologne Cathedral Interior.” Art in Context , March 22, 2023. https://artincontext.org/cologne-cathedral/ .

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Notre Dame Cathedral’s restoration has been a 5-year journey of dedication and recovery

Scaffolding that shrouded the top of Notre Dame cathedral following a devastating fire in April 2019 is being removed, marking a milestone in its reconstruction. (AP video: Alex Turnbull)

This combination photo shows, from top left, clockwise, the scaffolding around the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire being removed from Jan. 24, 2024 to March 6, 2024. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photos captured from La Tour d'Argent restaurant/Alexander Turnbull)

This combination photo shows, from top left, clockwise, the scaffolding around the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire being removed from Jan. 24, 2024 to March 6, 2024. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photos captured from La Tour d’Argent restaurant/Alexander Turnbull)

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The cross and the rooster atop the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

The spire of the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral after the scaffolding removal, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

PARIS (AP) — The restoration of Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris following a tragic blaze in April 2019 is a story of dedication and recovery.

The iconic medieval monument immortalized in history, film and literature has been gradually rebuilt over the past five years, through challenges that have included delays during the pandemic and the loss of the project’s leader.

This combination photo shows, from top left, clockwise, the scaffolding around the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire being removed from Jan. 24, 2024 to March 6, 2024. (AP Photos captured from La Tour d’Argent restaurant/Alexander Turnbull)

It’s slated for completion by the end of 2024. Here is a timeline of events in the restoration:

April 2019 — A fire ravages Notre Dame, collapsing its roof and spire and destroying its interior, unleashing a global wave of solidarity. A monumental effort to restore the cathedral’s grandeur is launched, and French President Emmanuel Macron pledges to complete it within five years.

June 2020 — The pandemic delays work at the cathedral , but removing charred scaffolding that had encased the spire amid previous restoration works marked a significant step.

The cross and the rooster atop the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

The cross and the rooster atop the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

Scaffolding is being removed around the spire of Notre Dame de Paris cathedral, showing the rooster and the cross, Monday, Feb. 12, 2024 in Paris. Notre Dame is expected to reopen in Dec. 2024 following the devastating fire in April 2019. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

August 2020 — Efforts begin to restore the organ that once thundered through the cathedral — France’s largest musical instrument. The 8,000-pipe organ survived the fire, but was coated in toxic lead dust. Dismantling, cleaning and reassembling it is expected to finish this year.

March 2021 -- The first of an expected 1,000 historic French oak trees destined to rebuild the spire are selected from the Bercé forest in the French Loire region.

September 2021 — Work to secure the structure is finally completed, after carpenters, scaffolding experts, climbers and others help build temporary structures and a special enormous ‘’umbrella’’ to protect the towers, vaults and walls of the roofless building. Bidding starts on the rest of the reconstruction.

Spring 2022 — Workshops of master glassmakers and locksmiths from across France begin the laborious process of cleaning and restoring the cathedral’s famed stained glass windows. Help also comes from abroad: Germany’s Cologne Cathedral restores four windows.

The spire of the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral after the scaffolding removal, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

The spire of the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral after the scaffolding removal, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

July 2023 — Massive oak trusses are hoisted onto Notre Dame, drawing Parisians to witness what is described as a magical moment, intertwined with preparations for the 2024 Paris Olympics.

August 2023 — France mourns the sudden death of General Jean-Louis Georgelin , the French army general who had been appointed to oversee the restoration. President Macron hails him as the “greatest soldier” dedicated to restoring Notre Dame “stone by stone.”

The cross and the rooster atop the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral spire, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. Scaffolding has enshrouded Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris since a 2019 fire destroyed its spire and roof and threatened to collapse the whole medieval structure. After an unprecedented international reconstruction effort, the scaffolding is at last starting to peel away. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

December 2023 — A golden rooster, reimagined as a phoenix, is returned to the top of the cathedral’s spire, symbolizing Notre Dame’s rebirth. Religious relics, including pieces of what is said to be Jesus Christ’s Crown of Thorns, are placed in a time capsule inside the golden bird.

February 2024 — Scaffolding is removed to unveil the cathedral’s new spire , adorned with the golden rooster and a cross. It offers a glimpse into the future as Notre Dame nears its grand reopening.

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COMMENTS

  1. Your visit to Cologne Cathedral

    Yes, visitors generally pass through Cologne Cathedral's bell chamber, which contains eight of the cathedral's 12 bells, on their way to the viewing platform. If extended bell-ringing is scheduled before a mass (for example on Sundays and feast days before 12.30 p.m.) or in the event of maintenance work, the bell chamber remains closed.

  2. Cologne Cathedral

    According to Tripadvisor travelers, these are the best ways to experience Cologne Cathedral: Cologne City Tour Experience cathedral city on the Rhine (From $32.22) Cologne Walking tour with a visit to world famous Cathedral (From $388.81) Small-Group Bike Tour of Cologne with Guide (From $44.32) Rhine River Evening Panorama Cruise in Cologne ...

  3. Cologne Cathedral

    Cologne Cathedral is a High Gothic five-aisled basilica (144.5 m long), with a projecting transept (86.25 m wide) and a tower façade (157.22 m high). The nave is 43.58 m high and the side-aisles 19.80 m. The western section, nave and transept begun in 1330, changes in style, but this is not perceptible in the overall building.

  4. Cologne Cathedral Guide (Opening Hours, Tickets, Facts, History)

    Hidden among Cologne's treasures is Cologne Cathedral - the largest Gothic cathedral in Northern Europe with an intriguing 600-year construction history! This blog post will act as your guide to navigating this UNESCO World Heritage Site, enriching your visit with fascinating facts and must-see highlights.

  5. Cologne Cathedral

    Cologne Cathedral is usually open from 6 am to 8 pm. Outside of liturgical hours, it is possible for tourist visitors to visit the cathedral as a World Heritage Site: Generally between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. on weekdays, 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. on Sundays, and until 8 p.m. in the tower hall after evening mass. Since church services have priority, changes ...

  6. Guide to the Cologne Cathedral in Germany

    The Cathedral of Cologne (or Kölner Dom) is one of Germany's most important architectural monuments and is a must-see attraction and it's free. This Gothic masterpiece, situated in the heart of Cologne, is the fourth tallest cathedral in the world and once boasted the highest church spires ever built (now surpassed by Ulm's Minster).Today, the cathedral is Cologne's second-tallest structure ...

  7. Everything You Must Know About Visiting Cologne Cathedral

    Highlights of Kölner Dom. Cologne Cathedral boasts many records, 'firsts,' and is typically near the top of many European visitors' bucket lists. After all, the Cathedral is the largest Gothic Church in Northern Europe, is the highest twin-spired church in the world, and is the second tallest church in Europe. Standing at a height of 157 ...

  8. Cologne Cathedral

    Cologne Cathedral (German: Kölner Dom, pronounced [ˌkœlnɐ ˈdoːm] ⓘ, officially Hohe Domkirche Sankt Petrus, English: Cathedral Church of Saint Peter) is a cathedral in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia belonging to the Catholic Church.It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and of the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne.It is a renowned monument of German Catholicism and ...

  9. How To Visit Cologne Cathedral

    The general public is welcome from 6:00 to 20:00 (8 pm). Tourists may enter any time, but the Cathedral prefers that tourists enter during working days/hours: Mon-Sat 10:00 to 17:00 (5 pm) Sunday 13:00 (1 pm) to 16:00 (4 pm). The Cathedral Treasury is open to visitors between 10:00 and 18:00 (6 pm).

  10. Cologne Cathedral

    History of Cologne Cathedral. Located on what was previously the site of a Roman villa, thought to have dated back to the 4th century - as well as several increasingly larger churches - construction of the current Cologne Cathedral began in 1248. There was already a church on the site, but when the relic known as the Three Magi was brought ...

  11. Cologne Cathedral: All You Need to Know About Visiting & Climbing It!

    The place to visit in this German city, the Cologne Cathedral really is the number one attraction you can't miss if you're exploring here.. UNESCO-listed since 1996 (I'll go into why a little later on), with a whole heap of accolades to its name (including the world's tallest twin-sphered church and the largest Gothic Cathedral in northern Europe!), this giant religious structure is ...

  12. 10 Essential Cologne Cathedral Facts to Know Before You Visit

    Cologne Cathedral Facts to Know Before You Go. 1. Cologne Cathedral took more than 600 years to build. Like many other great European churches, Kölner Dom was a long time in the making. Work began on Cologne Cathedral in 1248 and it was one of the most ambitious building projects of the Middle Ages. Inaugurated in 1322, the choir is the oldest ...

  13. Visit the Cologne Cathedral in Germany- Take Time to see Details

    Visit Cologne Cathedral, scout out landmarks such as Great St Martin Church in Cologne Old Town, and hear tales about the city's history, culture and Jewish heritage. This is a private tour with a flexible itinerary that can be tailored to your preferences.

  14. Cologne Cathedral

    The Cologne Cathedral is the highest expression of the Gothic Cathedral architectonic form that developed over the 12th and 13th centuries in Europe. Started in 1248, it took over six centuries to complete - which shows the continuity and persistence of the Christian belief in this region. ... A visit of the Cologne Cathedral leaves me with ...

  15. Cologne Cathedral

    Cologne Cathedral, Germany. Cologne Cathedral, Roman Catholic cathedral church, located in the city of Cologne, Germany. It is the largest Gothic church in northern Europe and features immense twin towers that stand 515 feet (157 metres) tall. The cathedral was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.

  16. Visit of the Cologne Cathedral: A Gothic Masterpiece

    The Cologne Cathedral Architecture . The Cologne Cathedral is in the shape of a Latin Cross, the usual shape for Gothic Churches. It has one of the highest vaulted nave in the World with 2 side aisles. Although it took Centuries to complete, the original medieval plans were respected and very few Cathedrals display such a uniformity in style.

  17. Cologne Cathedral: A Gothic Masterpiece in the Heart of Germany

    Cologne, with its rich tapestry of history and modern vibrancy, offers many attractions beyond the awe-inspiring Cologne Cathedral. Here are some noteworthy places to visit in the city:. Old Town (Altstadt): Stroll through the picturesque streets of the Old Town with its traditional houses, quaint shops, and charming breweries. Take advantage of the historic Town Hall (Rathaus), the oldest in ...

  18. Cologne Cathedral

    Currently the cathedral is the seat of the Archibishop of Cologne and it is a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1996. Upon its completion on the 14th of August 1880, the Cologne Cathedral held the title of the World's tallest building until 1884. The Cologne Cathedral dominates the city of Cologne even today, it can be viewed from anywhere in ...

  19. How To Visit The Cologne Cathedral In 2024

    The impressive Cologne Cathedral is a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996 and one of the best examples of European Gothic architecture. With more than 6 million visitors per year, this religious temple is also one of the most famous churches in Germany and Europe. So, if you decide to visit the city of Cologne, you shouldn't miss the opportunity to explore this temple. From the imposing ...

  20. The Ultimate Guide to Exploring 10 Historic Churches 2024

    Visit the Florence Cathedral, an architectural masterpiece in the heart of the city. ... The cathedral's twin spires dominate Cologne's skyline, and its interior houses an impressive ...

  21. Cologne Cathedral

    The Cologne Dom is vast, with around 8,000 square meters of floor space. This makes the inside of Cologne Cathedral the third-largest church in the world. The cathedral's choir is the biggest in Germany. Its most notable feature is two seats designated for the King and Pope.

  22. Svyatoy Nos, Murmansk Oblast

    Dialing code (s) +7 81558. OKTMO ID. 47731000121. Svyatoy Nos ( Russian: Свято́й Нос) is a rural locality (an inhabited locality) in administrative jurisdiction of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Ostrovnoy in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, [1] located beyond the Arctic Circle on the Kola Peninsula at a height of 11 meters ...

  23. Murmansk

    Central part of Murmansk. Murmansk (Russian: Мурманск; Kildin Sami: Мурман ланнҍ; Skolt Sami: Muurman and Northern Sami: Murmánska) is a port city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast in the far northwest part of Russia.It sits on both slopes and banks of a modest ria or fjord, Kola Bay, an estuarine inlet of the Barents Sea, with its bulk on the east bank of ...

  24. Watch: Notre Dame Cathedral restoration's 5-year journey of dedication

    King Charles III makes a stop at the fire-damaged Notre Dame Cathedral on his state visit to France. ... Germany's Cologne Cathedral restores four windows. The spire of the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral after the scaffolding removal, Thursday, March 14, 2024 in Paris. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)

  25. San Fernando to Ostrovnoy via plane, and bus

    There are 7 ways to get from San Fernando to Ostrovnoy by plane or bus. Select an option below to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times in Rome2Rio's travel planner.