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Readings for Stages 1–3 of Hypertension

Hypertensive crisis.

  • Reducing Blood Pressure
  • Reduce Risks and Complications

About half of all American adults have some level of hypertension (high blood pressure), but not all high blood pressure is created equal. Blood pressure readings typically fall into four categories, but there are only two official hypertension stages.

This article explores the categories and stages of high blood pressure, what category your blood pressure measurement puts you in, and when you need to act.

Tatiana Maksimova / Getty Images

Elevated Blood Pressure

Your blood pressure is considered elevated when your systolic blood pressure (the top number of your blood pressure reading) is above 120 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and your diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number of your blood pressure reading) is above 80 mm Hg.

People with elevated blood pressure usually don't experience symptoms. Instead, their elevated blood pressure is identified during routine blood pressure measurements, such as at an annual well visit. A healthcare provider will confirm your elevated blood pressure if it measures above the normal range with two more readings on at least two separate occasions.

At this stage, you are at an increased risk of developing more severe hypertension, and a healthcare provider may suggest various lifestyle and dietary changes . Healthcare providers don't usually prescribe medications to treat elevated blood pressure.

Checking Your Blood Pressure

Your blood pressure is measured with a cuff that goes around your arm. The cuff inflates, and your healthcare provider will listen for the sound of the pulse to determine the pressure in your blood vessels. You can also use automatic devices to measure your blood pressure at home .

Stage 1 Hypertension

Stage 1 hypertension is classified as a systolic blood pressure reading that falls between 130 and 139 mm Hg or a diastolic reading that is between 80 and 89 mm Hg.

As with elevated blood pressure, you are unlikely to experience symptoms of high blood pressure at this stage.

A healthcare provider may recommend changes to your diet and lifestyle or prescribe medication to lower blood pressure. In stage 1, medications are usually recommended for people who are experiencing symptoms of high blood pressure, who have tried diet and lifestyle changes without success, or who have other medical problems that may make high blood pressure more dangerous.

Stage 2 Hypertension

When your systolic blood pressure measures 140 mm Hg or higher, or your diastolic pressure is 90 mm Hg or higher, a healthcare provider will diagnose you with stage 2 hypertension.

You can have stage 2 hypertension and still be asymptomatic. In many cases, high blood pressure is only diagnosed by measuring your blood pressure and not by symptoms you would notice.

Stage 2 hypertension is treated with a combination of lifestyle changes, diet modifications, and medications. While earlier stages of hypertension—or hypertension in people without other risk factors, might be treated with dietary and lifestyle changes alone—prescription medications are indicated when your blood pressure is consistently measuring 140/90 mm Hg and higher.

Many medications are used to treat high blood pressure, and you may be prescribed one or a combination of drugs.

A hypertensive crisis is the category of hypertension where you are most likely to experience symptoms. You are diagnosed with a hypertensive crisis if your blood pressure measurement exceeds 180/120 mm Hg.

At this level, your high blood pressure may cause symptoms like :

  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • Vision changes
  • Speech problems

You may already be taking medications to control your blood pressure, but blood pressure measurements at this level require additional treatment. Call a healthcare provider or seek immediate medical treatment if your blood pressure is 180/120 mm Hg or higher.

You may require treatment with medications only given in a hospital, or your healthcare provider may adjust the doses and types of your regular medications. Without action to control a hypertensive crisis, you have a higher risk of having a heart attack or stroke.

How Hypertension Gets Worse

Getting control of your blood pressure is necessary to avoid complications like heart attack and stroke. Not managing your blood pressure in the early stages can cause your blood pressure to run even higher, putting you at risk of a range of medical issues .

Talk to your healthcare provider about regular screenings, checkups, and medications to manage your hypertension.

Can You Lower Your Hypertension Stage?

With a consistently healthy dietary and lifestyle and adherence to the treatment plan you develop with your healthcare provider, you can control your blood pressure and possibly prevent more severe hypertension from developing.

Hypertension treatment and lifestyle changes can help lower your high blood pressure. For example, studies have shown that weight loss directly impacts blood pressure measurements, so watching your diet, exercising, and losing weight could help some people reduce their blood pressure by several points.

How to Lower Hypertension Risks and Complications

Uncontrolled high blood pressure is a significant risk factor for various medical emergencies and advanced diseases. Controlling your blood pressure with a combination of lifestyle changes and medications is the most effective way to manage your hypertension and reduce the risk of serious complications.

High Blood Pressure Risk Factors

You can't control every risk factor for high blood pressure, such as your age , race, sex, and genetics . However, changing certain lifestyle habits can help to improve your blood pressure.

Quitting smoking , eating a nutrient-dense diet, and exercising regularly can help to reduce your risk of developing high blood pressure and its associated complications.

Hypertension falls into different levels and stages based on your blood pressure measurement. Lifestyle and diet changes and the use of prescription medications can help you prevent your blood pressure from going higher and experiencing more severe complications.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts about hypertension .

American Heart Association. Understanding blood pressure readings .

Flack JM, Adekola B. Blood pressure and the new ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines . Trends. Cardiovasc. Med. April 2020;30:3(160-164). doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2019.05.003.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. High blood pressure symptoms and causes .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measuring your blood pressure .

American Heart Association. The facts about high blood pressure .

American Heart Association. Hypertensive crisis: when you should call 911 for high blood pressure .

Cohen JB. Hypertension in obesity and the impact of weight loss . Curr Cardiol Rep . August 2017;19(10):98. doi:10.1007/s11886-017-0912-4.

Unger T, et al. 2020 International Society of Hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines . Hypertension. May 2020;75:1334-1357. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026.

World Health Organization. Hypertension .

By Rachael Zimlich, BSN, RN Rachael is a freelance healthcare writer and critical care nurse based near Cleveland, Ohio.

stage 1 visit 2

Online tutorials – Stage 1, Stage 2 and OSCEs

  • Binocular vision
  • Communication and history & symptoms
  • Low Vision: Management of patients with visual impairment – NEW
  • Pathology 1
  • Pathology 2
  • RGP contact lenses
  • Sight test (including practical demonstrations)
  • Slit lamp techniques and contact lens complications
  • Soft contact lenses
  • Systemic disease, medications and the eye
  • Visual fields
  • Stage 2 case scenarios detailed handouts (no tutorials will be run for case scenarios)
  • FREE NHS Sight testing in England
  • FREE College of Optometrists Case Scenarios

Winter offers until 15th Jan 2023:

Purchase 2 tutorials, save 10%, code OA10

Purchase 3 tutorials, save 15%, code OA15

Purchase 4 tutorials, save 20%, code OA20

Purchase 5 tutorials, save 25%, code OA25

One to one Tutorials  –  from £50 We are offering one to one tutorials on any of the above, you can decide which topic to cover

Bespoke tutorials/support for any remaining competencies We can create and present a bespoke tutorial, including tuition on any remaining competencies in Stage 1 and 2. The price will depend on the content and the time needed to write this presentation – please  contact us  for more information

Available Stage 2 handouts

  • Stage 2 case scenarios Part 1: handout available to purchase

This handout covers 8 different cases in detail and will give you a guide on how to approach the cases as well as answers and detail to common questions that may be asked Cases: 4, 35, 36, 37, 64, 86, 99, 103 Only £32 (8 cases) There will be no tutorial for this as all information is included in the handout, if you have any questions you are welcome to ask us Please register on OA Optomise to purchase

  • Stage 2 case scenarios Part 2: handout available for purchase

This handout covers 9 different cases in detail and will give you a guide on how to approach the cases as well as answers and detail to common questions that may be asked Cases: 5, 9, 13, 16, 17, 18, 28, 40, 72 Only £36 (9 cases) There will be no tutorial for this as all information is included in the handout, if you have any questions you are welcome to ask us Please register on OA Optomise to purchase

  • Stage 2 case scenarios Part 3: handout available to purchase 

This handout covers 8 different cases in detail and will give you a guide on how to approach the cases as well as answers and detail to common questions that may be asked Cases: 6, 10, 12, 19, 24, 69, 91, 100 Only £32 (8 cases) There will be no tutorial for this as all information is included in the handout, if you have any questions you are welcome to ask us Please register on OA Optomise to purchase

  • Stage  2 case scenarios Part 4: handout available to purchase 

This handout covers 9 different cases in detail and will give you a guide on how to approach the cases as well as answers and detail to common questions that may be asked Cases: 3, 7, 20, 41, 47, 51, 63, 70, 88 Only £36 (9 cases) There will be no tutorial for this as all information is included in the handout, if you have any questions you are welcome to ask us Please register on OA Optomise to purchase

  • Stage 2 case scenarios Part 5: Soft & RGP contact lenses handout available to purchase 

This handout covers 10 different contact lens cases in detail – including the challenging RGP cases and will give you a guide on how to approach the cases as well as answers and detail to common questions that may be asked Cases:  25, 54, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 101 Only £45 (10 cases) There will be no tutorial for this as all information is included in the handout, if you have any questions you are welcome to ask us Please register on OA Optomise to purchase

If parts 1-5 are purchased as a bundle, it will cost only £150, saving £31!

Free tutorials.

Found on  OA Optomise  under Free tutorials

1) NHS Sight testing in England

Aimed specifically at pre-reg’s and newly qualified optometrists, this talk is given by clinical advisors from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA)

There is uncertainty we sometimes have in selecting the most appropriate recall for many of our NHS patients. This talk helps to guide you in making the right selection. Common scenarios that you are likely to encounter in practice will be discussed as well as essential tips on how you can satisfy the NHS, your patients and yourselves in selecting the correct recall code. By the end you should have a clearer understanding of what to write on your records, the steps needed to make an appropriate decision and how to correctly interpret the College of Optometrists guidance and Vouchers at a glance.

2) College of Optometrists case scenarios

This lecture consists of Optom Academy asking a series of questions to the College advisors on awkward case scenarios and then guidance around these are discussed. A very informative lecture – ideal for pre-reg’s and newly qualified optometrists

3) Brain tumours and the eye

This lecture consists of Lorcan Butler from the Brain Tumour charity going through the visual symptoms that may be signs of a tumour as well as recognising the signs of a swollen optic nerve.

Tutorial information

Visit one tutorial This tutorial consists of an introduction to the pre-reg year along with an interactive journey through the first 12 competencies, including the Opticians act, focimetry, systemic disease and risk factors for common ocular conditions (New content added) Get ahead of others with top tips about how to prepare for assessments and the common errors pre-reg’s make during their first visit and beyond. Units of competence for Visit 1:  communication, professional conduct, methods of ocular examination, optical appliances, contact lenses, ocular disease and assessment of visual function

Systemic disease, medications and the eye tutorial Unsure what Lupus is? How does ulcerative colitis affect your eyes? Want to learn more about systemic diseases and how they affect eyes? This tutorial covers common systemic conditions that patients typically present with, that they are, their signs and symptoms, treatment and most important, how they affect they eyes. This also covers ocular adverse reactions to common systemic medications This is perfect prep for both Visit 1 (competency 1.2.3), Visit 2 (competency 6.1.13) as well as for the OSCEs, where a lot of systemic conditions and medications can appear.   Duration: 1hr-1hr 15min    Units of competence:  communication and ocular disease

Pathology tutorial part 1 Management of patients using real life case scenarios of patients that attended practice, including flashes and floaters, papillitis, hypertensive retinopathy, orbital cellulitis, age related macula degeneration and many more. 10 cases discussed Great prep for Stage 1 Units of competence:  ocular disease

Pathology tutorial part 2: completed This will cover many other ocular conditions including HSK, HZK, anterior uveitis, angle closure glaucoma, optic neuropathies and vascular occlusions.10 cases discussed Great prep for Stage 1 Units of competence : ocular disease

Soft contact lenses tutorial This will cover CLs fit, CLs aftercare and a summary about  CLs complications and their management (this is discussed in more detail in our dedicated CLs complication talk later in the year). Ideal for Visits 1-3 and Stage 2 Units of competence : contact lenses

RGP contact lenses tutorial This will cover the features and benefits of spherical RGP lenses and materials, RGP selection, lens assessment (in detail, with pictures) and final lens modification. New contented added on RGP toric CLs as well as complications from RGP CLs wear Units of competence : contact lenses

Visit 2a tutorial A useful guide on how to tackle the competency sections 1-4, including notes, tips and questions you may be asked by assessors Units of competence for Visit 2 : communication, professional conduct, methods of ocular examination, optical appliances

Visual fields tutorial An interactive journey through the visual pathway as well as a detailed discussion on how to interpret visual field plots, with specific attention to Humphrey plots. To test your learning, there will be a field defect quiz at the end. Units of competence : methods of ocular examination This covers in detail the remaining visual field competencies for Visit 2 and Stage 2 and the OSCEs

Visit 2b tutorial: A useful guide on how to tackle the competency sections 5-8, including notes, tips and questions you may be asked by assessors Units of competence for Visit 2 : contact lenses, ocular disease, assessment of visual function, assessment and management of binocular vision

Binocular vision tutorial This will be a lecture on extraocular muscles and cranial nerve palsies, along with information on how to manage phoria and tropias. Newly added: maddox rod, maddox wing and fixation disparity to help with OSCE prep Units of competence : binocular vision

Dispensing tutorial This will cover common topics such as calculations on BVD, MSU and differential prismatic effect as well paediatric and high prescription dispensing along with tips on dispensing different prescriptions and lens types to help with Stage 1 prep Units of competence : optical appliances

Communication and history & symptoms This online tutorial will go through how to take a detailed history and symptoms for a routine sight test along with patients presenting with sudden onset diplopia, vision loss, red eye, headaches, contact lens problems amongst others. How to communicate in lay terms to patients about eye conditions such as myopia, astigmatism, cataracts, AMD, glaucoma and many others will be discussed. Perfect for those in Stage 1, Stage 2 and for OSCE prep Units of competence : communication

Slit lamp techniques and contact lens complications The first part of this online tutorial will go through how to conduct slit lamp techniques, focussing on the theory elements along with a pathology quiz with images captured with specific techniques. The second part will discuss contact lens complications and their management Units of competence : methods of ocular examination and ocular disease

Visit 3a tutorial A useful guide on how to tackle the competency sections 1-4, including notes, tips and questions you may be asked by assessors Units of competence for Visit 3 : communication, professional conduct, methods of ocular examination, optical appliances

Sight test tutorial with practical demonstrations Online tutorial with practical demonstrations on how to conduct a sight test for your Visit 3 and Stage 2 assessments along with tips and suggestions on how to tailor your routine. Units of competence:  methods of ocular examination and assessment of visual function

Visit 3b tutorial A useful guide on how to tackle the competency sections 5-8, including notes, tips and questions you may be asked by assessors Units of competence for Visit 3:  contact lenses, ocular disease, assessment of visual function, assessment and management of binocular vision

Low vision: management of patients with visual impairment by Dr Jane Macnaughton Prof Cert Low Vision This is a comprehensive tutorial discussing how to perform a low vision assessment and the management of patients with visual impairment Units of competence: 1.2.1 Understands the patient’s expectations and aspirations and manages situations 2.2.1 Is able to manage all patients including those who have additional clinical or social needs. 4.2.1 Advises on the use of and dispenses simple low vision aids including simple hand and stand magnifiers, typoscopes and handheld telescopes. 4.2.2 Understands the application of complex low vision aids. 7.1.5 Assesses patients with impaired visual function and understands the use of specialist charts for distance and near vision and the effects of lighting, contrast and glare.

stage 1 visit 2

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Modern Periodontics

Periodontal Disease Stages

Periodontal staging and grading.

Periodontitis presents differently for everybody. A recent change to the classification of periodontal disease helps your periodontist express the severity and complexity of the disease (Staging) as well as the patient’s risk for progression (Grading).

The four stages (stage 1-4) of periodontitis are determined by several variables. Staging intends to classify the severity and extent of a patient’s disease based on a measurable amount of destroyed/damaged tissue from periodontitis. Next, we look at the patient-specific factors that contribute to the complexity of long-term management such as probing depths, the number of lost teeth, the shape of bone loss, access for hygiene, occlusal trauma, tooth alignment, and many others. Extent and distribution can be further subdivided into localized (<30% of teeth involved) or generalized (>30% of teeth involved).

Next, your periodontist will assess the rate of progression (Grade A, B, and C) for their specific patient. This is determined usually by comparing the patient’s disease level to their age. The periodontist will also compare the amount of bacterial biofilm to the destruction level. Extensive disease seen in younger patients or with minimal bacterial deposits represents a high rate of progression (Grade C). A slow rate of progression (Grade A) would be seen in older patients or patients with heavy biofilm deposits that show minimal periodontal bone destruction. Also, a periodontist will compare radiographs taken over time to further assess rates of progression. Lastly, certain risk factors are associated with progressive bone loss including smoking and diabetes. By including these grade modifiers, your periodontist can discuss taking an active role in the management of these conditions as well.

All in all, this Staging and Grading system helps your periodontist provide a patient-centered evaluation and treatment plan as well as an effective way to communicate more clearly with our patients.

Staging and Grading Periodontitis Chart

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stage 1 visit 2

Home › Advice & Resources › Optometry › Diary of a Pre-Reg Optometrist – Preparing for my Stage One Visit Two

Diary of a Pre-Reg Optometrist – Preparing for my Stage One Visit Two

March 9, 2023 | Optometry | Pre-reg

Stage One Visit Two -The hardest assessment!

In terms of stage One, visit two is probably the hardest assessment part of Stage One. How I prepared for visit two was by making sure that I had the patient records that I needed.

Utilising your wider team!

The best way about finding the individual patient records that are needed is to let the shopfloor staff know that there is a certain patient encounter that is required and with the help of the optical consultants, they are able to find these patients and book them within your specified clinic,

As a pre-reg its always difficult to be testing and performing shopfloor tasks hence so your optical assistant team are your strongest allies to help you find the patients that you require.

As a pre-reg you want to be testing as many patients as you can and rightly so. This will build your experience of different patients and enable you to learn how to handle the different patients that can walk into practice.

There may be the young straightforward routine patient attending for their two-yearly check-ups to the seasoned 80-year-old patient who may walk in with a condition such as AMD, or maybe a patient with their post cats operative review, you just never know who’ll walk into the door for a sight test on any day!

33 Competencies in the Stage One Visit Two assessment!

There are 33 competencies that are assessed on visit 2 and some are really difficult to achieve. One example would be testing a patient with a colour vision defect. Colour vision defects are rare and it’s not like a patient who has had a colour vision defect will come into practice telling you that they have one! Also this is a complaint that is sometimes overlooked by an optometrist. Colour vision tests are normally performed on the first sight test of a patient, if a defect is picked up then, then a patient would probably know that they have a colour vision deficiency, it’s not like they will tell you on their sight test they have a colour vision deficiency if it’s been longstanding.

Swapping Visit Two competencies with Visit Three

Another great way to achieve and be successful in visit two and achieve competencies is by swapping some competencies of visit 3 and bringing them forward into visit two, there’s no harm in swapping competencies bringing these competencies forward. It maybe easier to find patient records for these competencies,  even if they’re from a different visit.

Looking for a new role after you qualify?

To talk to us about a new role after you qualify as an optometrist visit our  optometry jobs page   to view all our roles or give us a call on   01423 813452  or email us at  [email protected]

If you’re having difficulty in your pre-reg and need some help visit this  AOP page   which gives advice and support for Optical professionals.

Screenshot 2023-01-06 8.45.56 PM.png

OPTOMETRY REVISION NOTES

Visit 2 Pre-Reg Revision Notes

This 20 page PDF contains revision notes for visit 2 pre-registration exam, including the evidence type for each competency required.  The framework is based on the new College of Optometrists 2023 Syllabus.

Visit 2 Pre-Reg Revision Notes

Out Of The Box Optics

Stage 1 and 2

You should aim to gain in confidence dealing with as wide a range of patients, establishing a good rapport with your supervisor, practice staff and assessor whilst ensuring your practical skills meet the standards set.

You must be able to justify clinical actions and patient management – and this will include explaining any refractive correction, treatment or referral activity.

At least five days of hospital experience should be carried out (although hybrid along with online learning is acceptable) – sufficient to complete the College hospital log book adequately and also ideally allow evidence for those competencies less likely to be experienced in a high street practice setting (typically the under 2-year-old and anterior chamber cells and flare).

The main requirement is the evidence for your stage 1 assessor to sign you off for all competency elements, and to be able to respond to any requests by the assessor for information to be sent prior to the visit. As part of this, record-keeping must be accurate, legible and meet the GOC standards of practice. It is essential to demonstrate patient consent for use of their records has been agreed. You must also maintain up to date knowledge of relevant subjects.

Out of the Box Optics supports you throughout your Stage 1 journey, starting with the complimentary Stage 1 Visit 1 Competency Guide that is available on request by emailing [email protected]

The College of Optometrists has recently changed the format of Stage 2 Assessments. You will already have access to the 108 scenarios, which cover the overarching competencies.

We carefully select FOUR Scenarios per webinar, covering a multitude of competencies. We will systematically deconstruct each of them, in a logical and helpful manner via a Webinar that takes place periodically throughout the year. There are a total of 4 webinars, encasing 16 of the Scenarios.

As and when dates are confirmed, the Webinar(s) will become available to book via this website!

Each and every week, an expert for a specific subject area will explain and demystify clinical skills and competencies, and help set you on a trajectory for success. Each session lasts an hour, and you can sign up to as many as you like.

The Weekly Online Workshops are aimed at Pre-Reg Optometrists at ALL stages of the Scheme for Registration.

Choose and book your workshops below!

Online Workshop: COMMUNICATING WITH KIDS (& their parents!) [Sun 29 Oct] [7pm-8pm]

Online Workshop: COMMUNICATING WITH KIDS (& their parents!) [Sun 29 Oct] [7pm-8pm]

Pre-Reg Support Workshops

Pre-Reg Support Workshops

Weekly Online Workshop: Confidence with Cataracts [Sun 26 Nov] [7-8pm]

Weekly Online Workshop: Confidence with Cataracts [Sun 26 Nov] [7-8pm]

Weekly Workshop: Optom vs Red Eye 18 Nov]

Weekly Workshop: Optom vs Red Eye 18 Nov]

Weekly Workshop: The Glaucomas Masterclass [Sat 4 Nov] [7.30-8.30pm]

Weekly Workshop: The Glaucomas Masterclass [Sat 4 Nov] [7.30-8.30pm]

WOW: Confidence with Contact Lenses (Pt 2) [Sun 22 Oct] [7-8pm]

WOW: Confidence with Contact Lenses (Pt 2) [Sun 22 Oct] [7-8pm]

WOW: Systemic Disease & Medication Pt2: Case Scenarios [Sun 12 Nov] [7-8pm]

WOW: Systemic Disease & Medication Pt2: Case Scenarios [Sun 12 Nov] [7-8pm]

Want to book your place at the next optoversity challenge, need some assistance.

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What is the difference between Stage 1 and Stage 2 Audits?

Stage 1 vs Stage 2 Audits - ISOUpdate.com

A Certification Audit is the first step for your organization once you have decided to undergo an assessment process. Your options include undergoing an assessment with a Certification Body (CB), or Registrar , like The Registrar Company, to determine if your management system complies with the requirements of a given standard ( ISO 9001 ,  ISO 14001 ,  ISO 45001 , etc). This Certification Audit is completed in two stages: Stage 1 and Stage 2. These audits differ in many ways: their purpose, duration, information reviewed, and sometimes even location. Therefore it is important to understand the difference between Stage 1 and Stage 2 Audits, and the effect your selection of CB will have on the process.

These audits differ in many ways: their purpose, duration, information reviewed and sometimes even in the location where it will take place. The objective of a Stage 1 Audit is to determine an organization’s readiness for their Stage 2 Certification Audit. During the Stage 1, your Certification Body’s auditor will review your management system documented information, evaluate your site-specific conditions, and have discussions with personnel. The auditor will look to see that objectives and key performance indicators, or significant aspects are in place and understood. They will review the scope of the management system and obtain information on your processes and operations, the equipment being used, the levels of control that have been established, as well as any applicable statutory or regulatory requirements. Internal audits and management reviews will be evaluated to ensure they are being planned and performed and the overall level of implementation of your management system will be assessed to determine if your organization is ready to move forward with the Stage 2 Certification Audit.

Your Certification Body will use the Stage 1 Audit to complete Stage 2 Audit planning, including a review of the allocation of resources and details for the next phase of the audit. Documented conclusions will be given to your organization that will outline your readiness as well as identify any areas of concern that could be classified as a nonconformance during the Stage 2 Audit.

A Stage 1 Audit  is usually carried out over 1 or 2 days and typically occurs onsite. For organizations with more than 1 location, the audits are usually carried out at your central function location.

The  Stage 2 Audit  evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of your organization’s management system(s).  During the Stage 2 audit, your Certification Body will determine the degree of compliance with the standard’s requirements and report any non-conformances or potential non-conformances that your organization will have to correct before the certification can be issued.  If the Stage 2 audit is successful, your organization’s management system(s) will be certified.

The Stage 2 Audit  includes:

  • All relevant documented information that evidences your management system’s conformity with all the standard’s requirements;
  • Key performance objectives and targets, looking at performance monitoring, measuring and reporting;
  • Evaluation of internal audits, management review and management responsibility for your organization’s policies;
  • All relevant processes, looking at operational control and the ability to carry them out as planned.

The duration of the Stage 2 Audit   is determined in accordance with the relevant  IAF Mandatory Documents .  Depending on the size and complexity of the organization this audit can range anywhere from 1 to many days.

Every organization undergoing a certification process should maintain open and clear communication with their  Certification Body  in order to clarify any questions that may arise before the audits take place. At TRC, customer service is our top priority, with every facet of our organization designed with your satisfaction in mind.

Associating your company with an internationally recognized and trusted certification shows your customers that you hold their satisfaction and expectations above all and adds real value to your bottom line through increased efficiency and reduced risk – and working with the best Certification Body for your unique needs should be top of mind. Certification can be a lengthy process, and you will be working closely with your Certification Body and Auditor for years to come, ensure you pick the best.

About the Author

Read about The Characteristics of an Excellent Internal Audit

ISO Terms Explained

ISO Terms Explained - ISOUpdate.com

To the novice quality manager, ISO jargon can be extremely overwhelming. What is an NCR? What do you mean by OFI? Are we certified or accredited? But before you go and pull out your hair, let’s take a moment to go over some of the most frequently used terms and their definitions with regards to ISO and Management System Certification.

SIMILAR ARTICLES

ISO Terms Explained - ISOUpdate.com

Importance of Audits

The article is resourceful

very useful article.

[…] Information Source: https://isoupdate.com/resources/exploring-stage-1-and-stage-2-audits/ […]

On point article, very well written

[…] Certification happens over a few stages and lasts for 3-year cycles including an internal and an external audit. To learn more about the Stages of ISO Certification, read this article. […]

Is it mandatory to have one round of internal audit and MRM completed before Stage-1 audit

After reading your article, I came to know what is the difference between Stage 1 and Stage 2 Audits. Your content learns a lot. The way that you write is Superb. I like it. Thanks.

Very useful article

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Biden's State of the Union address, annotated and fact-checked

By Zachary B. Wolf and Sean O’Key, CNN

Published March 8, 2024

It may have been President Joe Biden’s final State of the Union address. Or possibly the last of his first term. As Biden and former President Donald Trump prepare for a 2024 general election rematch, a vigorous Biden went off script at times, directly addressing Republicans and making the case that his administration has improved the country and people’s lives.

Here’s what he said and key ad-libs, along with context and fact checks from CNN’s fact check team.

Good evening.

Mr. Speaker. Madam Vice President. Members of Congress. My Fellow Americans.

In January 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt came to this chamber to speak to the nation.

He said, “I address you at a moment unprecedented in the history of the Union."

Hitler was on the march. War was raging in Europe.

President Roosevelt’s purpose was to wake up the Congress and alert the American people that this was no ordinary moment.

Freedom and democracy were under assault in the world.

Roosevelt’s “Four Freedoms” speech closed with a vision of spreading American democracy to the world. That’s a very Biden sentiment .

Tonight I come to the same chamber to address the nation.

Now it is we who face an unprecedented moment in the history of the Union.

And yes, my purpose tonight is to both wake up this Congress, and alert the American people that this is no ordinary moment either.

It’s notable that Biden was essentially comparing the threat against democracy today, both here and abroad, to the threat posed by Adolf Hitler in Germany in 1941.

Not since President Lincoln and the Civil War have freedom and democracy been under assault here at home as they are today.

What makes our moment rare is that freedom and democracy are under attack, both at home and overseas, at the very same time.

Biden’s challenge in this election is to make Americans believe his quest to save democracy is an urgent matter. The rise of Trump from the political desert suggests many Americans are tiring of the message.

Overseas, Putin of Russia is on the march, invading Ukraine and sowing chaos throughout Europe and beyond.

If anybody in this room thinks Putin will stop at Ukraine, I assure you, he will not.

But Ukraine can stop Putin if we stand with Ukraine and provide the weapons it needs to defend itself. That is all Ukraine is asking. They are not asking for American soldiers.

In fact, there are no American soldiers at war in Ukraine. And I am determined to keep it that way.

This was an important pledge for Americans to hear. French President Emmanuel Macron recently suggested European troops could be called to Ukraine .

But now assistance for Ukraine is being blocked by those who want us to walk away from our leadership in the world.

The Senate passed a bill to give Ukraine an additional $60 billion in US aid, but Speaker Mike Johnson, who sat over Biden’s left shoulder during the speech, has not schedule d a vote in the House .

It wasn’t that long ago when a Republican President, Ronald Reagan, thundered, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall."

Now, my predecessor, a former Republican President, tells Putin, “Do whatever the hell you want."

Reagan’s words were an important moment in US history. Watch it here. Trump, he who shall not be named in this speech, said recently that he told a European leader that Russia should be able to “ do whatever the hell they want ” to European countries that don’t spend enough on defense.

A former American President actually said that, bowing down to a Russian leader.

It’s outrageous. It’s dangerous. It’s unacceptable.

This “bowing down” line has become a staple of Biden’s speeches.

America is a founding member of NATO the military alliance of democratic nations created after World War II to prevent war and keep the peace.

Today, we’ve made NATO stronger than ever.

We welcomed Finland to the Alliance last year, and just this morning, Sweden officially joined NATO, and their Prime Minister is here tonight.

Mr. Prime Minister, welcome to NATO, the strongest military alliance the world has ever known.

Sweden was able to join NATO after Turkey and Hungary dropped objections. Coincidentally, Trump is set to meet with Hungary’s Putin-friendly prime minister, Viktor Orban, at Mar-a-Lago on Friday.

I say this to Congress: we must stand up to Putin. Send me the Bipartisan National Security Bill.

History is watching.

If the United States walks away now, it will put Ukraine at risk.

Europe at risk. The free world at risk, emboldening others who wish to do us harm.

My message to President Putin is simple.

We will not walk away. We will not bow down. I will not bow down.

History is watching, just like history watched three years ago on January 6th.

This was an important turn, from standing up to Putin to the threat of insurrectionists at home. Trump’s affinity for Putin is no secret. Trump argues he would be able to contain Putin better than Biden.

Insurrectionists stormed this very Capitol and placed a dagger at the throat of American democracy.

Many of you were here on that darkest of days.

We all saw with our own eyes these insurrectionists were not patriots.

They had come to stop the peaceful transfer of power and to overturn the will of the people.

Everyone saw it, but many Republican lawmakers now downplay the threat posed by the January 6, 2021, insurrection. Johnson was among the lawmakers who objected to the counting of electoral votes in key states Biden won in 2020.

January 6th and the lies about the 2020 election, and the plots to steal the election, posed the gravest threat to our democracy since the Civil War.

But they failed. America stood strong and democracy prevailed.

But we must be honest the threat remains and democracy must be defended.

My predecessor and some of you here seek to bury the truth of January 6th.

I will not do that.

A lot of Americans might want to move on from 2020, but Biden will try to remind them at every turn. He’ll get help from Trump, who is also still very focused on 2020. Trump has fashioned his campaign as a weapon of “retribution.”

This is a moment to speak the truth and bury the lies.

And here’s the simplest truth. You can’t love your country only when you win.

As I’ve done ever since being elected to office, I ask you all, without regard to party, to join together and defend our democracy!

Remember your oath of office to defend against all threats foreign and domestic.

Respect free and fair elections! Restore trust in our institutions! And make clear –political violence has absolutely no place in America!

Biden frequently uses this line about having to love your country when you lose too. The erosion of faith in US institutions is a troubling development reflected in multiple polls .

And history is watching another assault on freedom.

Joining us tonight is Latorya Beasley, a social worker from Birmingham, Alabama . 14 months ago tonight, she and her husband welcomed a baby girl thanks to the miracle of IVF.

She scheduled treatments to have a second child, but t he Alabama Supreme Court shut down IVF treatments across the state , unleashed by the Supreme Court decision overturning Roe v. Wade.

She was told her dream would have to wait.

Here’s a list of all of the people who sat with first lady Jill Biden.

Notably, some Alabama clinics have resumed treatment under a bipartisan law hastily passed in that state. But Democrats will continue to make this argument about abortion restrictions being an assault on freedom.

What her family has gone through should never have happened. And unless Congress acts, it could happen again.

So tonight, let’s stand up for families like hers!

To my friends across the aisle, don’t keep families waiting any longer. Guarantee the right to IVF nationwide!

This will be an interesting request to monitor, since it could theoretically gain bipartisan support.

Like most Americans, I believe Roe v. Wade got it right. And I thank Vice President Harris for being an incredible leader, defending reproductive freedom and so much more.

But my predecessor came to office determined to see Roe v. Wade overturned.

He’s the reason it was overturned. In fact, he brags about it.

Look at the chaos that has resulted.

Most Americans support abortion rights in some form, but the parties are hopelessly split. It will help Trump with his base to brag about overturning Roe v. Wade. It will help Biden with his base to blame Trump.

Joining us tonight is Kate Cox, a wife and mother from Dallas.

When she became pregnant again, the fetus had a fatal condition.

Her doctors told Kate that her own life and her ability to have children in the future were at risk if she didn’t act.

Because Texas law banned abortion, Kate and her husband had to leave the state to get the care she needed.

What her family has gone through should never have happened as well. But it is happening to so many others.

CNN’s Betsy Klein notes that Biden leaned on the personal stories of two of the guests in the first lady’s box: Latorya Beasley, an Alabama mother who had to pause in vitro fertilization treatment, and Kate Cox , the Texas mother of two who had to leave her state for access to a lifesaving abortion. And he pointed to a patchwork of abortion rights laws around the country.

But Republicans would have as much trouble passing a nationwide abortion ban as Democrats would have passing a bill to codify Roe v. Wade.

There are state laws banning the right to choose, criminalizing doctors, and forcing survivors of rape and incest to leave their states as well to get the care they need.

Many of you in this Chamber and my predecessor are promising to pass a national ban on reproductive freedom.

My God, what freedoms will you take away next?

In its decision to overturn Roe v. Wade the Supreme Court majority wrote, “Women are not without – electoral or political power.”

No kidding.

Clearly, those bragging about overturning Roe v. Wade have no clue about the power of women in America.

They found out though when reproductive freedom was on the ballot and won in 2022, 2023, and they will find out again, in 2024.

Democratic candidates will do everything they can to raise the abortion rights issue during the general election. Even voters in red states have chosen to support abortion rights when given the chance. There could be abortion-related ballot questions in key states, including Florida .

If Americans send me a Congress that supports the right to choose , I promise you, I will restore Roe v. Wade as the law of the land again!

This math doesn’t work. Passing legislation to protect abortion rights nationwide and restore Roe would surely require 60 votes in the Senate. Democrats currently have 51 seats, and there are few opportunities for pickups in 2024. Two Republicans, Sens. Susan Collins of Maine and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, publicly support a national abortion rights law. That’s not nearly enough.

America cannot go back. I am here tonight to show the way forward. Because I know how far we’ve come.

Four years ago next week, before I came to office, our country was hit by the worst pandemic and the worst economic crisis in a century.

Remember the fear. Record job losses. Remember the spike in crime. And the murder rate.

A raging virus that would take more than 1 million American lives and leave millions of loved ones behind.

Biden’s figure needs context. Many lives were lost to Covid-19 during the Trump administration, but the US didn’t reach its millionth death until May 2022 when Biden was in office.

A mental health crisis of isolation and loneliness.

A president, my predecessor, who failed the most basic duty. Any President owes the American people the duty to care.

That is unforgivable.

I came to office determined to get us through one of the toughest periods in our nation’s history .

It is sometimes hard to remember that the Covid-19 pandemic started during the Trump administration and dominated the start of the Biden administration.

And we have. It doesn’t make the news but in thousands of cities and towns the American people are writing the greatest comeback story never told.

So let’s tell that story here and now.

America’s comeback is building a future of American possibilities, building an economy from the middle out and the bottom up , not the top down, investing in all of America, in all Americans to make sure everyone has a fair shot and we leave no one behind!

Republicans frequently try to label Biden as a socialist for spending taxpayer money. But Democrats and Biden argue the public has an interest in trying to make sure opportunities are accessible to everyone.

The pandemic no longer controls our lives. The vaccines that saved us from COVID are now being used to help beat cancer.

Turning setback into comeback.

That's America!

I inherited an economy that was on the brink. Now our economy is the envy of the world!

15 million new jobs in just three years - that's a record!

Biden’s claim is correct: the US economy added about 14.8 million jobs between Biden’s first full month in office, February 2021, and January 2024, more jobs than were added in any previous four-year presidential term. However, it’s important to note that Biden took office in an unusual pandemic context that makes meaningful comparison to other periods very difficult.

Unemployment at 50-year lows.

This needs context. The unemployment rate did hit a five-decade low during two months of early 2023 , 3.4%, and it has since remained close to that level — but the latest available unemployment rate, 3.7% for January, is higher than the rate was during nine months under President Donald Trump in 2019 and pre-pandemic 2020. (The rate then skyrocketed on account of the pandemic, and it was 6.4% the month Biden took office in January 2021.)

A record 16 million Americans are starting small businesses and each one is an act of hope.

With historic job growth and small business growth for Black, Hispanic, and Asian-Americans.

800,000 new manufacturing jobs in America and counting.

Biden’s figure is correct. The US economy added 791,000 manufacturing jobs from Biden’s first full month in office, February 2021, through January 2024, the last month for which Bureau of Labor Statistics data is available — though it’s worth noting that the growth largely occurred in 2021 and 2022 (with 746,000 manufacturing jobs added starting in February 2021) before a relatively flat 2023.

More people have health insurance today than ever before.

The racial wealth gap is the smallest it’s been in 20 years.

Wages keep going up and inflation keeps coming down!

Inflation has dropped from 9% to 3% – the lowest in the world!

Convincing Americans that their economy is good and improving may be Biden’s most important task in his reelection campaign. Because despite all of that data he rattled off, people are having trouble making ends meet. He’ll have more work to do to convince them .

And trending lower.

And now instead of importing foreign products and exporting American jobs, we’re exporting American products and creating American jobs – right here in America where they belong!

And the American people are beginning to feel it.

Consumer studies show consumer confidence is soaring.

Buy American has been the law of the land since the 1930s.

Past administrations including my predecessor failed to Buy American.

Not any more.

On my watch, federal projects like helping to build American roads bridges and highways will be made with American products built by American workers creating good-paying American jobs!

Thanks to my Chips and Science Act the United States is investing more in research and development than ever before.

Biden did oversee the passage of multiple, bipartisan bills to improve the country. The bipartisan infrastructure law is meant to improve things across the country. Propping up a semiconductor chip industry is also meant to make the US more independent from China.

During the pandemic a shortage of semiconductor chips drove up prices for everything from cell phones to automobiles.

Well instead of having to import semiconductor chips, which America invented I might add, private companies are now investing billions of dollars to build new chip factories here in America!

Creating tens of thousands of jobs many of them paying over $100,000 a year and don’t require a college degree.

In fact my policies have attracted $650 Billion of private sector investments in clean energy and advanced manufacturing creating tens of thousands of jobs here in America!

Thanks to our Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, 46,000 new projects have been announced across your communities – modernizing our roads and bridges, ports and airports, and public transit systems.

A futuristic airport terminal, a fish passage and ski town bus lanes: Here are some of the projects being built through the infrastructure law.

Removing poisonous lead pipes so every child can drink clean water without risk of getting brain damage.

Providing affordable high speed internet for every American no matter where you live.

Urban, suburban, and rural communities — in red states and blue.

Record investments in tribal communities.

Because of my investments, family farms are better be able to stay in the family and children and grandchildren won’t have to leave home to make a living.

It’s transformative.

A great comeback story is Belvidere, Illinois. Home to an auto plant for nearly 60 years.

Before I came to office the plant was on its way to shutting down.

Thousands of workers feared for their livelihoods. Hope was fading.

Then I was elected to office and we raised Belvidere repeatedly with the auto company knowing unions make all the difference.

The UAW worked like hell to keep the plant open and get those jobs back. And together, we succeeded!

Instead of an auto factory shutting down an auto factory is re-opening and a new state-of-the art battery factory is being built to power those cars.

Instead of a town being left behind it’s a community moving forward again!

Because instead of watching auto jobs of the future go overseas 4,000 union workers with higher wages will be building that future, in Belvidere, here in America!

Here tonight is UAW President, Shawn Fain, a great friend, and a great labor leader.

And Dawn Simms, a third generation UAW worker in Belvidere.

Shawn, I was proud to be the first President in American history to walk a picket line.

Biden attended a U nited A uto W orkers rally in Belvidere with UAW President Shawn Fain last year. He also became the first president to join a picket line when he stood with workers in Michigan.

And today Dawn has a job in her hometown providing stability for her family and pride and dignity.

Showing once again, Wall Street didn’t build this country!

The middle class built this country! And unions built the middle class!

Both Biden and Trump will try to argue they are looking out for the middle class. The turn of White voters without college degrees away from Democrats and toward Republicans has been a major shift in politics that drove the rise of Trump.

When Americans get knocked down, we get back up!

We keep going!

That’s America! That’s you, the American people!

It’s because of you America is coming back!

It’s because of you, our future is brighter!

Never has a State of the Union transcript included so many exclamations. Biden presented as a vigorous and energized leader here, far from the doddering old man he has been portrayed as by Republicans.

And it’s because of you that tonight we can proudly say the State of our Union is strong and getting stronger!

Tonight I want to talk about the future of possibilities that we can build together.

A future where the days of trickle-down economics are over and the wealthy and biggest corporations no longer get all the breaks.

I grew up in a home where not a lot trickled down on my Dad’s kitchen table.

That’s why I’m determined to turn things around so the middle class does well the poor have a way up and the wealthy still does well.

After earlier praising Reagan’s foreign policy, here Biden trashed the guiding principle of Reagan’s economic policy (and Republicans who have worked tirelessly to cut taxes for a generation).

We all do well.

And there’s more to do to make sure you’re feeling the benefits of all we’re doing.

Americans pay more for prescription drugs than anywhere else.

It’s wrong and I’m ending it.

With a law I proposed and signed and not one Republican voted for we finally beat Big Pharma!

This is the Inflation Reduction Act , a post-Covid-19 recovery plan that Democrats loaded up with other policy priorities and were able to pass without Republican votes by bending budget rules.

Democrats had been trying for years to pass a law that would allow Medicare to negotiate prescription drug prices . This is a first step.

Instead of paying $400 a month for insulin seniors with diabetes only have to pay $35 a month!

And now I want to cap the cost of insulin at $35 a month for every American who needs it!

For years people have talked about it but I finally got it done and gave Medicare the power to negotiate lower prices for prescription drugs just like the VA does for our veterans.

That’s not just saving seniors money.

It’s saving taxpayers money cutting the federal deficit by $160 billion because Medicare will no longer have to pay exorbitant prices to Big Pharma.

It’s true that two of the main drug price provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act, which Democrats pushed through Congress in 2022, are expected to reduce the deficit by $160 billion, according to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office. In total, the law’s drug measures are expected to reduce the deficit by $237 billion, though delaying the implementation of a Trump administration drug rebate rule accounts for the difference.

This year Medicare is negotiating lower prices for some of the costliest drugs on the market that treat everything from heart disease to arthritis.

Now it’s time to go further and give Medicare the power to negotiate lower prices for 500 drugs over the next decade.

That will not only save lives it will save taxpayers another $200 Billion!

Starting next year that same law caps total prescription drug costs for seniors on Medicare at $2,000 a year even for expensive cancer drugs that can cost $10,000, $12,000, $15,000 a year.

Now I want to cap prescription drug costs at $2,000 a year for everyone!

Another major contrast between Trump and Biden. Trump still wants to repeal the Affordable Care Act . Biden seemed to be veering toward “Medicare for All” here.

Folks Obamacare, known as the Affordable Care Act is still a very big deal.

Over one hundred million of you can no longer be denied health insurance because of pre-existing conditions.

But my predecessor and many in this chamber want to take that protection away by repealing the Affordable Care Act I won’t let that happen!

We stopped you 50 times before and we will stop you again!

In fact I am protecting it and expanding it.

I enacted tax credits that save $800 per person per year reducing health care premiums for millions of working families.

Those tax credits expire next year.

I want to make those savings permanent!

Women are more than half of our population but research on women’s health has always been underfunded.

That’s why we’re launching the first-ever White House Initiative on Women’s Health Research, led by Jill who is doing an incredible job as First Lady.

Creating a commission or new office is a classic State of the Union maneuver. That this speech focused on women’s health is not surprising since Democrats are so focused on the issue.

Pass my plan for $12 Billion to transform women’s health research and benefit millions of lives across America!

I know the cost of housing is so important to you .

If inflation keeps coming down mortgage rates will come down as well.

But I’m not waiting.

I want to provide an annual tax credit that will give Americans $400 a month for the next two years as mortgage rates come down to put toward their mortgage when they buy a first home or trade up for a little more space.

My Administration is also eliminating title insurance fees for federally backed mortgages.

When you refinance your home this can save you $1,000 or more.

These are all very specific ideas to put people at ease about the cost of buying and renting, major issues that are affecting how people view the economy . But Biden can’t accomplish all of this. He will need Congress to enact tax credits. He will need inflation to continue to come down to bring down mortgage rates .

For millions of renters, we’re cracking down on big landlords who break antitrust laws by price-fixing and driving up rents.

I’ve cut red tape so more builders can get federal financing, which is already helping build a record 1.7 million housing units nationwide.

Now pass my plan to build and renovate 2 million affordable homes and bring those rents down!

To remain the strongest economy in the world we need the best education system in the world.

I want to give every child a good start by providing access to pre-school for 3- and 4-year-olds.

He’s actually wanted to enact universal pre-K for some time. But Democrats could not come up with the votes to include that program in the Inflation Reduction Act.

Studies show that children who go to pre-school are nearly 50% more likely to finish high school and go on to earn a 2- or 4-year degree no matter their background.

I want to expand high-quality tutoring and summer learning time and see to it that every child learns to read by third grade.

I’m also connecting businesses and high schools so students get hands-on experience and a path to a good-paying job whether or not they go to college.

And I want to make college more affordable.

Let’s continue increasing Pell Grants for working- and middle-class families and increase our record investments in HBCUs and Hispanic and Minority-serving Institutions

I fixed student loan programs to reduce the burden of student debt for nearly 4 Million Americans including nurses firefighters and others in public service like Keenan Jones a public-school educator in Minnesota who’s here with us tonight.

Biden has done quite a bit to forgive federal student loan debt, canceling about $138 billion so far. Here’s a good visualization of that . But his most expansive plan, which he hoped to do through executive action and would have canceled up to $20,000 for borrowers who make less than $125,000 a year, was rejected by the Supreme Court.

He’s educated hundreds of students so they can go to college now he can help his own daughter pay for college.

Such relief is good for the economy because folks are now able to buy a home start a business even start a family.

While we’re at it I want to give public school teachers a raise!

Now let me speak to a question of fundamental fairness for all Americans.

I’ve been delivering real results in a fiscally responsible way.

I’ve already cut the federal deficit by over one trillion dollars.

Biden’s claim leaves out such critical context that it is misleading. While the annual federal budget deficit was more than $1 trillion lower in the 2023 fiscal year than it was in both the 2020 fiscal year (under President Donald Trump) and the 2021 fiscal year (partially under Trump and partially under Biden), analysts have repeatedly noted that Biden’s own actions, including laws he has signed and executive orders he has issued, have had the overall effect of worsening annual deficits, not reducing them. As in past remarks , Biden didn’t explain that the primary reason the deficit fell by a record amount during his tenure was that it had skyrocketed to a record high at the end of Trump’s term because of bipartisan emergency pandemic relief spending, then fell as expected when that spending expired as planned.

I signed a bipartisan budget deal that will cut another trillion dollars over the next decade.

And now it’s my goal to cut the federal deficit $3 trillion more by making big corporations and the very wealthy finally pay their fair share.

Look, I’m a capitalist.

If you want to make a million bucks – great!

Just pay your fair share in taxes.

A fair tax code is how we invest in the things –

that make a country great, health care, education, defense, and more.

But here’s the deal.

The last administration enacted a $2 Trillion tax cut that overwhelmingly benefits the very wealthy and the biggest corporations and exploded the federal deficit.

They added more to the national debt than in any presidential term in American history.

Biden’s numbers are correct; the national debt rose from about $19.9 trillion to about $27.8 trillion during Trump’s tenure, an increase of about 39% and more than in any other four-year presidential term, in part because of Trump’s major tax cuts. But it is an oversimplification to blame presidents alone for debt incurred during their tenures. Some of the Trump-era increase in the debt was due to the trillions of dollars in emergency Covid-19 pandemic relief spending that passed with bipartisan support and because of spending required by safety-net programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security, that were created by previous presidents.

For folks at home does anybody really think the tax code is fair?

Do you really think the wealthy and big corporations need another $2 trillion in tax breaks?

I sure don’t. I’m going to keep fighting like hell to make it fair!

Under my plan nobody earning less than $400,000 will pay an additional penny in federal taxes.

Nobody. Not one penny.

In fact the Child Tax Credit I passed during the pandemic cut taxes for millions of working families and cut child poverty in HALF.

Restore the Child Tax Credit because no child should go hungry in this country!

The way to make the tax code fair is to make big corporations and the very wealthy finally pay their share.

In 2020 55 of the biggest companies in America made $40 billion in profits and paid zero in federal income taxes.

Not any more!

Thanks to the law I wrote and signed big companies now have to pay a minimum of 15%.

Biden’s “not anymore” claim is false, an exaggeration. While his 15% corporate minimum tax will reduce the number of big companies that don’t pay any federal taxes, it’s not true that “not anymore” will any big company — such as the ones on the list of 55 companies Biden mentioned — ever do so. That’s because the minimum tax, on the “book income” companies report to investors, only applies to companies with at least $1 billion in average annual income. According to the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy, only 14 of the companies on its list of 55 non-payers reported having US pre-tax income of at least $1 billion.

But that’s still less than working people pay in federal taxes.

It’s time to raise the corporate minimum tax to at least 21% so every big corporation finally begins to pay their fair share.

I also want to end the tax breaks for Big Pharma, Big Oil, private jets, and massive executive pay!

End it now!

There are 1,000 billionaires in America.

You know what the average federal tax rate for these billionaires is? 8.2 percent!

That’s far less than the vast majority of Americans pay.

No billionaire should pay a lower tax rate than a teacher, a sanitation worker, a nurse!

That’s why I’ve proposed a minimum tax of 25% for billionaires. Just 25%.

That would raise $500 Billion over the next 10 years.

Imagine what that could do for America. Imagine a future with affordable child care so millions of families can get the care they need and still go to work and help grow the economy.

Imagine a future with paid leave because no one should have to choose between working and taking care of yourself or a sick family member.

Imagine a future with home care and elder care so seniors and people living with disabilities can stay in their homes and family caregivers get paid what they deserve!

Tonight, let’s all agree once again to stand up for seniors!

Many of my Republican friends want to put Social Security on the chopping block.

If anyone here tries to cut Social Security or Medicare or raise the retirement age I will stop them!

Working people who built this country pay more into Social Security than millionaires and billionaires do. It’s not fair.

We have two ways to go on Social Security.

Republicans will cut Social Security and give more tax cuts to the wealthy.

Biden went off script here, engaging in a back-and-forth with Republicans on the House floor. Republicans jeered when he said they would cut Social Security . Many in their party say they will do no such thing.

“That’s the proposal — oh no? You guys don’t want another $2 trillion tax cut?” Biden said. “I kind of thought that’s what your plan was. Well, that's good to hear.”

I will protect and strengthen Social Security and make the wealthy pay their fair share!

Too many corporations raise their prices to pad their profits charging you more and more for less and less.

That’s why we’re cracking down on corporations that engage in price gouging or deceptive pricing from food to health care to housing.

In fact, snack companies think you won’t notice when they charge you just as much for the same size bag but with fewer chips in it.

Pass Senator Bob Casey’s bill to put a stop to shrinkflation !

While a lot of people seem to blame Biden for inflation and cite government spending, he’d like to blame corporations.

CNN’s Bryan Mena notes while there is evidence that companies have reduced the size of their products, according to Labor Department data, the reason is usually to cut costs during times of high inflation and is a widespread practice. Companies do this because consumers are more sensitive to price changes than the size of a product becoming smaller, according to research. “Shrinkflation” due to corporate greed is a hasty generalization.

I’m also getting rid of junk fees those hidden fees added at the end of your bills without your knowledge. My administration just announced we’re cutting credit card late fees from $32 to just $8.

The banks and credit card companies don’t like it.

I’m saving American families $20 billion a year with all of the junk fees I’m eliminating .

And I’m not stopping there.

If this sounded familiar, that’s because he talked about junk fees at last year’s State of the Union .

My Administration has proposed rules to make cable, travel, utilities and online ticket sellers tell you the total price upfront so there are no surprises.

It matters.

This was his chance to say the words “ Taylor Swift .” Fail.

And so does this.

In November, my team began serious negotiations with a bipartisan group of Senators.

The result was a bipartisan bill with the toughest set of border security reforms we’ve ever seen in this country .

He went off script again here. CNN’s Priscilla Alvarez notes that Biden baited Republicans with praise for the bipartisan Senate border bill .

“Oh, you don’t like that bill, huh? That conservatives got together and said it was a good bill. I’ll be darned. That’s amazing,” Biden said, as some Republicans grumbled in the crowd.

Republican Sen. James Lankford, a key negotiator on the bipartisan border deal who faced pushback from members of his own party, stared ahead, appearing to nod as Biden ticked through elements of the bill -- including how it would shore up federal resources and include an emergency authority that would allow him to shut down the border if certain triggers are met.

That bipartisan deal would hire 1,500 more border security agents and officers.

100 more immigration judges to help tackle a backload of 2 million cases.

4,300 more asylum officers and new policies so they can resolve cases in 6 months instead of 6 years.

100 more high-tech drug detection machines to significantly increase the ability to screen and stop vehicles from smuggling fentanyl into America.

This bill would save lives and bring order to the border.

It would also give me as President new emergency authority to temporarily shut down the border when the number of migrants at the border is overwhelming.

The Border Patrol Union endorsed the bill.

The Chamber of Commerce endorsed the bill.

I believe that given the opportunity a majority of the House and Senate would endorse it as well.

But unfortunately, politics have derailed it so far.

I’m told my predecessor called Republicans in Congress and demanded they block the bill . He feels it would be a political win for me and a political loser for him.

It’s not about him or me.

Biden was interrupted here by GOP Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, who shouted at him about Laken Riley , the Georgia nursing student killed, allegedly by an undocumented immigrant. It’s an incident that has driven claims that migrants are criminals.

Biden picked up a pin that read “Say Her Name Laken Riley” and directly addressed the parents of Laken Riley, who had been invited to the speech by a congressman.

“Lincoln (sic) Riley, an innocent young woman who was killed by an illegal. That's right. But how many of the thousands of people being killed by illegals - to her parents, I say my heart goes out to you. Having lost children myself, I understand.”

It is interesting that Biden also referred to the undocumented migrant who is suspected in Riley’s killing with the derogatory term “illegal.” Read more.

It’d be a winner for America!

My Republican friends you owe it to the American people to get this bill done.

We need to act.

And if my predecessor is watching instead of playing politics and pressuring members of Congress to block this bill, join me in telling Congress to pass it!

We can do it together. But here’s what I will not do.

I will not demonize immigrants saying they “poison the blood of our country” as he said in his own words.

I will not separate families.

I will not ban people from America because of their faith.

Trump’s rhetoric on immigration has gotten increasingly heated. He frequently refers to people crossing the border as “murderers,” for instance. The “poisoning the blood” line Trump uses is similar to a passage in Hitler’s manifesto “Mein Kampf.”

Unlike my predecessor, on my first day in office I introduced a comprehensive plan to fix our immigration system, secure the border, and provide a pathway to citizenship for Dreamers and so much more.

Because unlike my predecessor, I know who we are as Americans.

We are the only nation in the world with a heart and soul that draws from old and new.

Home to Native Americans whose ancestors have been here for thousands of years. Home to people from every place on Earth.

Some came freely.

Some chained by force.

Some when famine struck, like my ancestral family in Ireland.

Some to flee persecution.

Some to chase dreams that are impossible anywhere but here in America.

That’s America, where we all come from somewhere, but we are all Americans.

We can fight about the border, or we can fix it. I’m ready to fix it.

Send me the border bill now!

Biden both eloquently talked about how the US is a nation of immigrants and also called on Congress to give him the power to close the border. His shift on the issue has been remarkable.

A transformational moment in our history happened 59 years ago today in Selma, Alabama.

Hundreds of foot soldiers for justice marched across the Edmund Pettus Bridge, named after a Grand Dragon of the KKK, to claim their fundamental right to vote.

They were beaten bloodied and left for dead.

Our late friend and former colleague John Lewis was at the march.

We miss him.

Joining us tonight are other marchers who were there including Betty May Fikes, known as the "Voice of Selma”.

A daughter of gospel singers and preachers, she sang songs of prayer and protest on that Bloody Sunday,

to help shake the nation’s conscience. Five months later, the Voting Rights Act was signed into law.

But 59 years later, there are forces taking us back in time.

Voter suppression. Election subversion. Unlimited dark money. Extreme gerrymandering.

John Lewis was a great friend to many of us here. But if you truly want to honor him and all the heroes who marched with him, then it’s time for more than just talk.

Pass and send me the Freedom to Vote Act and the John Lewis Voting Rights Act!

If Democrats could not pass a new national voting standard when they controlled the House during Biden’s first two years in office, they will not be able to do it now, while Republicans control the chamber.

And stop denying another core value of America our diversity across American life.

Banning books.

It’s wrong!

Instead of erasing history, let’s make history!

I want to protect other fundamental rights!

Pass the Equality Act, and my message to transgender Americans: I have your back!

Pass the PRO Act for workers rights! And raise the federal minimum wage because every worker has the right to earn a decent living!

We are also making history by confronting the climate crisis, not denying it.

I’m taking the most significant action on climate ever in the history of the world.

I am cutting our carbon emissions in half by 2030.

The climate crisis may be an existential problem for humanity, but it did not rate mention in the first half of this State of the Union address. That said, Biden, with help from the Inflation Reduction Act, has done more than previous presidents to address the issue. But n ot enough to satisfy activists . Trump, meanwhile, likes to poke fun at climate efforts.

Creating tens of thousands of clean-energy jobs, like the IBEW workers building and installing 500,000 electric vehicle charging stations.

Conserving 30% of America’s lands and waters by 2030.

Taking historic action on environmental justice for fence-line communities smothered by the legacy of pollution.

And patterned after the Peace Corps and Ameri Corps, I’ve launched a Climate Corps to put 20,000 young people to work at the forefront of our clean energy future.

I’ll triple that number this decade.

All Americans deserve the freedom to be safe, and America is safer today than when I took office.

The year before I took office, murders went up 30% nationwide the biggest increase in history.

That was then.

Now, through my American Rescue Plan, which every Republican voted against, I’ve made the largest investment in public safety ever.

Last year, the murder rate saw the sharpest decrease in history, and violent crime fell to one of the lowest levels in more than 50 years.

This is true, at least based on preliminary 2023 data that should be treated with caution. The preliminary 2023 data published by the FBI, running through the third quarter of the year, showed that violent crime was down 8.2% compared to the same period in 2022 — a decline that would be “historically large” for a year, crime data expert Jeff Asher wrote in a December article. The data generally confirms Biden’s description of violent crime falling across the nation, though some communities have seen increases. Asher wrote: “The quarterly data shows violent crime down in big cities, small cities, suburban counties, and rural counties, pretty much across the board.”

But we have more to do.

Help cities and towns invest in more community police officers, more mental health workers, and more community violence intervention.

Give communities the tools to crack down on gun crime, retail crime, and carjacking.

Keep building public trust, as I’ve been doing by taking executive action on police reform, and calling for it to be the law of the land, directing my Cabinet to review the federal classification of marijuana, and expunging thousands of convictions for mere possession , because no one should be jailed for using or possessing marijuana!

Biden’s mass clemency for federal offenses of simple marijuana possession, announced before the m idterm elections in 2022 , was seen as a first step to national decriminalization.

To take on crimes of domestic violence, I am ramping up federal enforcement of the Violence Against Women Act, that I proudly wrote, so we can finally end the scourge of violence against women in America!

And there’s another kind of violence I want to stop.

With us tonight is Jasmine, whose 9-year-old sister Jackie was murdered with 21 classmates and teachers at her elementary school in Uvalde, Texas.

Soon after it happened, Jill and I went to Uvalde and spent hours with the families.

We heard their message, and so should everyone in this chamber do something.

I did do something by establishing the first-ever Office of Gun Violence Prevention in the White House that Vice President Harris is leading.

Meanwhile, my predecessor told the NRA he’s proud he did nothing on guns when he was President.

After another school shooting in Iowa he said we should just “get over it.”

I say we must stop it.

I’m proud we beat the NRA when I signed the most significant gun safety law in nearly 30 years!

Now we must beat the NRA again!

I’m demanding a ban on assault weapons and high-capacity magazines!

Pass universal background checks!

Again, none of this will happen without a major change in Congress.

None of this violates the Second Amendment or vilifies responsible gun owners.

As we manage challenges at home, we’re also managing crises abroad including in the Middle East.

I know the last five months have been gut-wrenching for so many people, for the Israeli people, the Palestinian people, and so many here in America.

This crisis began on October 7th with a massacre by the terrorist group Hamas.

1,200 innocent people women and girls men and boys slaughtered, many enduring sexual violence.

The deadliest day for the Jewish people since the Holocaust.

250 hostages taken.

Here in the chamber tonight are American families whose loved ones are still being held by Hamas.

I pledge to all the families that we will not rest until we bring their loved ones home.

We will also work around the clock to bring home Evan and Paul, Americans being unjustly detained all around the world.

Israel has a right to go after Hamas.

This is an incredibly important issue for Biden. Nothing else splits Democrats at the moment like Israel. Biden is a self-proclaimed Zionist. While he has increasingly called out the conservative government of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, it’s not nearly enough to satisfy the large portion of Democrats who are motivated by the plight of Palestinians who are stuck and starving in Gaza .

Hamas could end this conflict today by releasing the hostages, laying down arms, and surrendering those responsible for October 7th.

Israel has an added burden because Hamas hides and operates among the civilian population. But Israel also has a fundamental responsibility to protect innocent civilians in Gaza.

This war has taken a greater toll on innocent civilians than all previous wars in Gaza combined.

More than 30,000 Palestinians have been killed.

Most of whom are not Hamas.

Thousands and thousands are innocent women and children.

Girls and boys also orphaned.

Nearly 2 million more Palestinians under bombardment or displaced.

Homes destroyed, neighborhoods in rubble, cities in ruin.

Families without food, water, medicine.

It’s heartbreaking.

We’ve been working non-stop to establish an immediate ceasefire that would last for at least six weeks.

It is notable that while Biden said the US is working for an immediate ceasefire, he did not say permanent. Israel wants the ability to revisit any ceasefire after six weeks.

Biden’s optimism for a ceasefire seems to have cooled. He had previously predicted there would be a ceasefire by this past Monday. In the meantime, the world was horrified by the killing of more than 100 Palestinians trying to get food from an Israeli aid truck.

As Biden spoke, House Democratic Rep. Rashida Tlaib — the sole Palestinian American member of Congress — held a sign reading “Ceasefire Now.”

It would get the hostages home, ease the intolerable humanitarian crisis, and build toward something more enduring.

The United States has been leading international efforts to get more humanitarian assistance into Gaza.

Tonight, I’m directing the U.S. military to lead an emergency mission to establish a temporary pier in the Mediterranean on the Gaza coast that can receive large ships carrying food, water, medicine and temporary shelters.

No U.S. boots will be on the ground.

This temporary pier would enable a massive increase in the amount of humanitarian assistance getting into Gaza every day.

This pier sounds like an incredible engineering feat. It’s not clear how soon it can be achieved. Also, this was the second time in the speech where Biden pledged that US troops will not get involved in an international conflict.

But Israel must also do its part.

Israel must allow more aid into Gaza and ensure that humanitarian workers aren’t caught in the cross fire.

To the leadership of Israel I say this.

Humanitarian assistance cannot be a secondary consideration or a bargaining chip.

Protecting and saving innocent lives has to be a priority.

As we look to the future, the only real solution is a two-state solution.

I say this as a lifelong supporter of Israel and the only American president to visit Israel in wartime.

This is a public warning to Israel and an insistence that Israel must allow a Palestinian state. But it is not particularly stern considering the tens of thousands of Palestinians who have died .

There is no other path that guarantees Israel’s security and democracy.

There is no other path that guarantees Palestinians can live with peace and dignity.

There is no other path that guarantees peace between Israel and all of its Arab neighbors, including Saudi Arabia.

Creating stability in the Middle East also means containing the threat posed by Iran.

That’s why I built a coalition of more than a dozen countries to defend international shipping and freedom of navigation in the Red Sea.

I’ve ordered strikes to degrade Houthi capabilities and defend U.S. Forces in the region.

As Commander in Chief, I will not hesitate to direct further measures to protect our people and military personnel.

The strikes have not so far had a deterrent effect.

For years, all I’ve heard from my Republican friends and so many others is China’s on the rise and America is falling behind.

They’ve got it backward.

America is rising.

We have the best economy in the world.

Since I’ve come to office, our GDP is up.

He is welcome to say this. Most Americans do not currently seem to believe it.

And our trade deficit with China is down to the lowest point in over a decade.

We’re standing up against China’s unfair economic practices.

And standing up for peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait.

I’ve revitalized our partnerships and alliances in the Pacific.

I’ve made sure that the most advanced American technologies can’t be used in China’s weapons.

Frankly for all his tough talk on China, it never occurred to my predecessor to do that.

We want competition with China, but not conflict.

And we’re in a stronger position to win the competition for the 21st Century against China or anyone else for that matter.

Here at home I’ve signed over 400 bipartisan bills.

But there’s more to do to pass my Unity Agenda.

Strengthen penalties on fentanyl trafficking.

Pass bipartisan privacy legislation to protect our children online.

CNN's Brian Fung notes that this call for a bill to regulate social media platforms is the third time in as many years that Biden has criticized the social media industry in his State of the Union speech.

Notably, however, Biden’s call specifically highlighted legislation to protect children’s privacy — not any of the myriad bills circulating that would impose targeted restrictions on social media companies .

The House could vote soon on a separate bill meant to pressure TikTok’s China-linked parent company to spin off the app used by 170 million Americans.

Harness the promise of A.I. and protect us from its peril.

Ban A.I. voice impersonation and more!

Fung also notes that Biden knows personally about this. A fake robocall campaign cloned his voice and targeted thousands of New Hampshire primary voters in what authorities have described as an AI-enabled election meddling attempt.

But US lawmakers have struggled to advance any meaningful AI legislation in the roughly one year since Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer made a rare and personal effort to put AI at the top of the congressional agenda.

Even as disinformation experts warn of AI’s threats to elections and public discourse, few expect Congress to pass legislation reining in the AI industry during a divisive election year.

And keep our one truly sacred obligation, to train and equip those we send into harm’s way and care for them and their families when they come home, and when they don’t.

That’s why I signed the PACT Act, one of the most significant laws ever, helping millions of veterans who were exposed to toxins and who now are battling more than 100 cancers.

Many of them didn’t come home.

We owe them and their families.

And we owe it to ourselves to keep supporting our new health research agency called ARPA-H and remind us that we can do big things like end cancer as we know it!

Let me close with this.

I know I may not look like it, but I’ve been around a while.

And when you get to my age certain things become clearer than ever before.

I know the American story.

Again and again I’ve seen the contest between competing forces in the battle for the soul of our nation.

Between those who want to pull America back to the past and those who want to move America into the future.

My lifetime has taught me to embrace freedom and democracy.

A future based on the core values that have defined America.

Honesty. Decency. Dignity. Equality.

To respect everyone. To give everyone a fair shot. To give hate no safe harbor.

Now some other people my age see a different story.

An American story of resentment, revenge, and retribution.

That’s not me.

Biden put forward an energetic persona in this speech. And he pointed out that Trump is his age. Actually, Trump is four years younger.

The name “Trump” did not appear in the speech. But he was clearly top of mind. Trump has promised to be his supporters’ “retribution” and still does not admit to losing the 2020 election. Biden’s burden will be to convince voters who are wavering that trying to upend democracy should disqualify Trump.

I was born amid World War II when America stood for freedom in the world.

I grew up in Scranton, Pennsylvania and Claymont, Delaware among working people who built this country.

I watched in horror as two of my heroes, Dr. King and Bobby Kennedy, were assassinated and their legacies inspired me to pursue a career in service.

A public defender, county councilman, elected United States Senator at 29, then Vice President, to our first Black President, now President, with our first woman Vice President.

In my career I’ve been told I’m too young and I’m too old.

Whether young or old, I’ve always known what endures.

Our North Star.

The very idea of America, that we are all created equal and deserve to be treated equally throughout our lives.

We’ve never fully lived up to that idea, but we’ve never walked away from it either.

And I won’t walk away from it now.

My fellow Americans the issue facing our nation isn’t how old we are it’s how old our ideas are?

Hate, anger, revenge, retribution are among the oldest of ideas.

But you can’t lead America with ancient ideas that only take us back.

To lead America, the land of possibilities, you need a vision for the future of what America can and should be.

Tonight you’ve heard mine.

I see a future where we defend democracy not diminish it.

I see a future where we restore the right to choose and protect other freedoms not take them away.

I see a future where the middle class finally has a fair shot and the wealthy finally have to pay their fair share in taxes.

I see a future where we save the planet from the climate crisis and our country from gun violence.

Above all, I see a future for all Americans!

I see a country for all Americans!

And I will always be a president for all Americans!

Because I believe in America!

I believe in you the American people.

You’re the reason I’ve never been more optimistic about our future!

The speech ended with many more exclamations and a vigorous Biden pumping people up.

So let’s build that future together!

Let’s remember who we are!

We are the United States of America.

There is nothing beyond our capacity when we act together!

May God bless you all.

May God protect our troops.

WSB Atlanta

WSB Atlanta

Trump vs. Biden – Georgia to take center stage this weekend as candidates rally for voters

Posted: March 8, 2024 | Last updated: March 8, 2024

President Joe Biden will visit Atlanta on a campaign stop. Former President Donald Trump will hold a rally in Rome.

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  4. Stage I

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  5. GCSE Drama

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COMMENTS

  1. Visits

    Up to 2 hours. Up to 3 hours, 45 minutes (including a 15 minute break) Up to four hours. Up to 3.25 hours for a remote visit and up to 3.5 hours for a face-to-face visit. During the visit. Your assessor will: Assess 12 competencies (visit one framework) by reviewing your evidence and asking you questions.

  2. Preparing for Stage One visits

    To prepare for your Stage One visit: Make sure you have watched our Introduction to the Scheme video. Study the competencies that will be assessed in your next visit, including the evidence required and the indicators. You can see these on assessment frameworks in each visit section. Your assessor will contact you through the Scheme for ...

  3. Stages 1-3 of Hypertension: Where Your Reading Lands

    Stage 1 hypertension is classified as a systolic blood pressure reading that falls between 130 and 139 mm Hg or a diastolic reading that is between 80 and 89 mm Hg. As with elevated blood pressure, you are unlikely to experience symptoms of high blood pressure at this stage. A healthcare provider may recommend changes to your diet and lifestyle ...

  4. Online tutorials

    This also covers ocular adverse reactions to common systemic medications This is perfect prep for both Visit 1 (competency 1.2.3), Visit 2 (competency 6.1.13) as well as for the OSCEs, where a lot of systemic conditions and medications can appear. Duration: 1hr-1hr 15min Units of competence: communication and ocular disease

  5. Periodontal Disease Stages

    A recent change to the classification of periodontal disease helps your periodontist express the severity and complexity of the disease (Staging) as well as the patient's risk for progression (Grading). The four stages (stage 1-4) of periodontitis are determined by several variables. Staging intends to classify the severity and extent of a ...

  6. Stage 1 Visit 2

    1.2 Discusses with the patient the importance of systemic disease and its ocular impact, its treatment and the possible ocular side effects of medication. 1.2 Explains to the patient the implications of their pathological or physiological eye condition. 1.2 Communicates effectively with any other appropriate person involved in the care of the ...

  7. Stage One: work-based assessment

    To complete Stage One, you'll need to: achieve all 75 competencies over at least three visits (remote and face-to-face); complete Hospital Eye Service experience (hospital-based trainees do not need to complete HES); complete the the required number of patient encounters in your logbook.

  8. Preparing for my Stage One Visit Two

    33 Competencies in the Stage One Visit Two assessment! There are 33 competencies that are assessed on visit 2 and some are really difficult to achieve. One example would be testing a patient with a colour vision defect. Colour vision defects are rare and it's not like a patient who has had a colour vision defect will come into practice ...

  9. Home

    These Optometry revision notes were handwritten during my pre-reg, and have not been altered since, besides being typed up. Each PDF is typed in font size 9. However please note the 108 case scenarios included for stage 2 are scanned in PDFs from A4 handwritten notes. Some scenarios may not be fully complete, but a good template is provided for ...

  10. PDF NCESD Early Intervention Program

    1. Face Coverings - Staff will wear a surgical grade face mask. Don prior to arrival, doff after visit - dispose in trash (mask). Wash/disinfect hands before/after don/doff. 2. Staff will wear additional PPE as determined by level of risk in the home visit (Low, Medium, High) See Attachment A Questionnaire. 3.

  11. Visit 2 Pre-Reg Revision Notes

    This 20 page PDF contains revision notes for visit 2 pre-registration exam, including the evidence type for each competency required. The framework is based on the new College of Optometrists 2023 Syllabus. Visit 2 Pre-Reg Revision Notes. SKU: 02. £10.99 Price. Add to Cart.

  12. PDF The Stage 2 assessment

    The Stage 2 assessment T he Scheme for Registration run by the College of Optometrists consists of three elements: Stage 1 visits, Stage 2 assessment and OSCEs (more about these in next month's column). At the moment lots of pre-registration optometrists are being allocated a stage 2 visit as they have achieved all the competencies covered

  13. Stage 1 & 2

    You must also maintain up to date knowledge of relevant subjects. Out of the Box Optics supports you throughout your Stage 1 journey, starting with the complimentary Stage 1 Visit 1 Competency Guide that is available on request by emailing [email protected]. Click here to see and get to know our tutors for the OSCE Masterclass and ...

  14. Stage 1 Visit 1 Revision Notes

    Stage 1 Visit 1 Revision Notes 1.2 Discusses with the patient the importance of systemic disease and its ocular impact, its treatment and the possible ocular side effects of medication. WHAT YOU NEED TO DO. Compulsory anonymised patient episode of a patient taking systemic medications e., diabetes, cardiovascular disease.

  15. What is the difference between Stage 1 and Stage 2 Audits?

    A Stage 1 Audit is usually carried out over 1 or 2 days and typically occurs onsite. For organizations with more than 1 location, the audits are usually carried out at your central function location. The Stage 2 Audit evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of your organization's management system (s).

  16. Visit 2 Flashcards & Quizzes

    Stage 1 Visit 2 By: Anmol Ali. 15 Cards - 2 Decks - 1 Learner Sample Decks: 3.1.4 identifies abnormal colour vision and appreciates its significance, Unit 4 Optical Appliances Show Class French @ OFS Y7/8. French @ OFS Y7/8 By: guillaume ravasse. 1,443 Cards - 26 Decks -

  17. Essential documents

    Essential documents. Download important documents for every stage of the Scheme for Registration: Scheme for Registration logbook (Excel) Reflective learning portfolio template (Word) Scheme for Registration regulations (PDF) Stage One downloads. Stage Two: DO and overarching case scenarios. OSCE: Final assessment downloads.

  18. Stages 1 & 2

    Units 1 and 2: Communication and Professional Conduct only £14.00 for 1 week (4 videos) Unit 3: Methods of Ocular Examination only £24.00 for 1 week (4 videos) Unit 4: Optical Appliances only £29.00 for 1 week (8 videos) Unit 5: Contact Lenses only £29.00 for 1 week (6 videos) Unit 6: Ocular Disease only £29.00 for 1 week (7 videos)

  19. Stage 1 Visit 1 efnwklf

    Stage 1 Visit 1 efnwklf. nfwjeknf fewjnkjsdn sdjnfkjnjk fejwkndsnf fjksdnfj fdjksnnf dfjknanf j... View more. Module Legal and Professional Aspects of Optometry (BIOL30231 ) University ... 2.1 Maintains confidentiality in all aspects of patient care The Data Protection Act (1998)

  20. Visit 1 Flashcards & Quizzes

    Stage 1 Visit 2 By: Anmol Ali. 15 Cards - 2 Decks - 1 Learner Sample Decks: 3.1.4 identifies abnormal colour vision and appreciates its significance, Unit 4 Optical Appliances Show Class Rocket French Level 1. Rocket French Level 1 By: Bellamy Taber. 1,086 Cards -

  21. ISO ISO 27001 Audits: Understanding Stage 1 vs. Stage 2

    In essence, Stage 1 sets the groundwork, ensuring that the organization's documentation aligns with ISO 27001 standards, while Stage 2 verifies the real-world application and effectiveness of ...

  22. Biden's State of the Union address, annotated and fact-checked

    Nearly 2 million more Palestinians under bombardment or displaced. Homes destroyed, neighborhoods in rubble, cities in ruin. Families without food, water, medicine.

  23. Trump vs. Biden

    President Joe Biden will visit Atlanta on a campaign stop. Former President Donald Trump will hold a rally in Rome. Jeffries to Republicans calling Biden speech too political: 'Get lost; you ...

  24. Stage 1 Visit 3

    Stage 1 Visit 2 - uderstanding the content. None. 46. BDM Junaid Khalid - This is an assignment written by a student at level 5. Methods and Systems for Business Decisions None. 4. Summative Feedback - This is an assignment written by a student at level 5.

  25. Stage 1 Visit 1

    2.1 Maintains confidentiality in all aspects of patient care The Data Protection Act (1998) The DPA is designed to protect personal data stored on computers or in an organised paper filing system.