winter weather travel tips

18 Winter Travel Tips For Cold Weather Destinations

By: Author Zachary Friedman

Posted on Last updated: February 13, 2024

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Many of us have a kind of love-hate relationship with winter. Between the holidays and the cold weather, the season presents a number of challenges for travelers. In this guide, I outline some of the most important winter travel tips to help you stay warm, enjoy the holidays, and save money. The tips in this guide focus on cold-weather travel.

I’ve spent most of the past 10 winters on the road. In this guide, I’ll share what I’ve learned while traveling in cold weather.

1. Travel After the Holidays to Save Money

If possible, consider delaying your winter trip until mid-January or later. The first part of the year is one of the cheaper times to fly because everyone is already home from their holiday vacation. Flight prices decrease considerably. You can also score some good deals on hotels and tours during this time. January and February are slow months for many businesses.

2. Book Flights in Advance if You’re Traveling During the Holidays

The holiday season is the most expensive time of the year to fly due to the high demand for tickets. Everyone wants to make it home for the holidays. Tickets sometimes double in price. If you need to travel during the second half of December, be sure to book at least a couple of months in advance to get a decent price on your flight. Train and bus tickets increase in price during this time as well.

3. Try to Schedule Nonstop Flights When Traveling During the Winter

Every year you see stories in the news about people getting stuck in Airports for days on end and missing the holidays. Scheduling nonstop flights lowers your risk of encountering flight delays caused by winter storms. If you must make a stopover, try to schedule it in a city with a warmer climate where winter weather delays are less likely.

4. Schedule Extra Time in Your Winter Travel Itinerary in Case of Delays

Winter travel is generally slower. Flights get delayed. Cars and buses travel slower due to icy road conditions. The weather is unpredictable. Schedule yourself a few extra days in case there are delays. This relieves stress and increases safety by allowing you to take your time. You don’t want to be in a rush during a snowstorm.

5. Plan Where You’ll Spend the Holidays

If you’re traveling long-term, chances are you’ll be spending the holidays away from friends and family in an unfamiliar destination. If you’re not in the right city, this can be lonely. Many cities essentially shut down from Christmas through New Years. People spend that time with their friends and family. Businesses shut down.

When designing your winter travel itinerary, plan an interesting destination to spend the holidays. For some ideas, check out my guide to the best winter travel destinations.

I spent the last holiday season living in Tijuana. While it wasn’t the best place to spend the season I had a good time. My landlord brought me a big plate of homemade tamales on Christmas morning because she knew that I was spending the day alone. On New Year’s , I went out and watched people lighting off fireworks in the neighborhood where I lived. The number of fireworks going off in the city was absurd. The whole city was covered in a layer of smoke. I’m generally not a big holiday person but spending the season abroad was a memorable experience.

6. Join in the Local Holiday Celebration

Even if you don’t like the holidays or are not a religious person, joining in a local holiday celebration is an interesting cultural experience. Most every culture has some kind of winter festival or celebration that you can join in on. For example, every country has a specific meal that is enjoyed during the winter season. You could also visit a temple or church to experience the local holiday religious ceremonies.

7. Don’t Wrap Gifts

If you’re traveling for the holidays and plan to pack presents for friends or family, wait until you arrive to wrap them. The reason is that security may need to unwrap packages for inspection. This applies to both carry-on items as well as checked items.

8. Pack Warm Clothes for Winter Travel

One major drawback of traveling to a cold-weather destination is the fact that you have to pack a bunch of bulky clothing to keep yourself warm. Luckily, high-quality clothing made using modern manufacturing techniques allows us to pack light yet still stay warm.

Down is a great material for cold weather travel. It is lightweight and compresses down small. A nice down jacket weighs less than a pound and takes up just a liter of space in your pack. Most importantly, it’s incredibly warm.

Another lightweight material that is great for travel is merino wool . It does an excellent job of wicking sweat and trapping heat to keep you warm. Thermal long underwear are an essential piece of clothing for cold weather travel. As an added benefit, merino wool blocks odors.

In addition to warm clothing, you’ll also want to pack winter accessories like a warm hat, gloves, and scarf. For more packing ideas, check out my Ultralight Travel Packing List. Here, I outline how to pack all of your clothing and travel gear into a carry-on sized bag.

9. Dress in Layers

The best practice for staying warm in a cold climate is to layer your clothing. This way, you can easily adapt to temperature changes and different levels of activity. You can bundle up in the cold mornings then remove layers as the weather warms up outside. Try the following layering system:

• Base layer- This is what you wear against your body. Your winter base layer should be long sleeve and long pants. Avoid cotton when choosing a base layer.
• Mid layer- You wear this outside of your base layer. A thick shirt, sweater or fleece jacket works well for your upper body. Jeans work well for your lower body.
• Outer layer- Wear this over your mid-layer. A down jacket is the ideal outer layer for your upper body. You can usually get away without an outer layer for your lower body. For extreme cold, insulated or down pants are nice.
• Waterproof shell- Wear a rain jacket and rain pants over everything else to keep you dry in the rain and snow.

The above layering system works great for temperatures down into the 20s (around -7° Celcius). If you’re traveling in an extremely cold climate, you want to consider packing a parka instead of a down jacket. These are bulky but can keep you warm down well below zero.

For help choosing the best clothing materials for layering, check out my down vs fleece vs wool pros and cons list. 

10. Protect Yourself From Cold Injuries Like Frostbite

Frostbite develops when tissue or skin freezes. Often times the damage is irreversible. Luckily frostbite is easily preventable. Simply keep warm. Your fingers, toes, ears, nose, and cheeks are the most common places for frostbite to develop. Be sure to wear warm gloves, socks, a scarf, and a hat to keep these high-risk areas warm. For extreme cold, consider a face mask.

11. Participate in a Winter Sport or Activity

While snowy weather makes some activities impossible, it opens up other opportunities. Take advantage of the snow and go skiing, snowshoeing, snowboarding, sledding, or ice skating. Even if you don’t know how to do any of these things, a winter trip is a great time to learn a new skill. Take a few lessons and you’ll be skiing in no time.

12. Schedule Indoor Activities

You don’t have to be out and about sightseeing and being active every day of your winter trip. If it’s cold and snowy out, stay indoors. Read a book. Watch a movie. Go to a bar or restaurant. Walk around a mall. Sit by a fire. There are plenty of indoor activities to keep you busy during the winter.

13. Pack Smart for Winter Travel

Packing for winter travel is challenging. Particularly for ultralight travelers who like to stick to carry-on bags. Warm clothing is bulky and heavy. A pair of boots and a jacket could fill an entire suitcase if you don’t pack right. Here are a few tips for packing for a winter trip:

• Wear bulky items to the airport- This way, they aren’t taking up valuable space in your luggage.
• Carry ultralight clothing and gear- These items use high tech materials that are durable, quick-drying, and incredibly lightweight. For example, an ultralight down jacket can keep you warm well below freezing and weighs less than a pound.
• Don’t pack duplicate items- You don’t need multiple jackets or pairs of boots. Just pack one pair.
• Pack a good thermal base layer- These are lightweight, provide a lot of warmth, and weigh very little. Wear them under your favorite clothes and you’ll stay plenty warm. You don’t need to pack a bunch of bulky sweaters and jeans.

It is possible to pack everything that you need for winter travel into a carry-on bag and still be prepared. For help with this, check out my Ultralight Travel Packing List.

14. Drive Safely in Snowy and Icy Winter Conditions

Many travelers decide to road trip to their winter destination instead of flying. This is particularly common during the holidays. Driving is much more economical if you’re traveling with the whole family.

If you plan to rent a car or drive your own vehicle during your winter trip, be prepared for winter road conditions. While driving in the winter, you should:

• Have the proper tires- All-season or snow tires increase traction in the snow and ice.
• Keep the gas tank full- If you get stuck in the snow, you want to make sure that you have enough fuel to keep the car’s heater going until you can get a tow.
• Have chains- Sometimes they are required to drive over a pass or during a heavy snowstorm.
• Carry extra food and water- So you have something to eat and drink if you get stuck or in an emergency.
• Carry a shovel and some sand- To dig yourself out and help get traction if you get stuck in the snow.
• Have a window scraper- to remove snow and ice from your vehicle’s windows before you hit the road.

If you have never driven in winter conditions before, you may want to reconsider your plans. Snow and ice increases your chances of being involved in an auto accident considerably. You can always take public or private transportation instead if you’re not comfortable driving in winter conditions.

15. Consider Buying Winter Clothing or Gear at your Destination

If you live in a warm climate, chances are you don’t have the proper clothing and gear for winter travel. The local shops probably don’t even stock cold-weather gear. If this is the case, consider waiting until you arrive at your destination to pick up what you need. That way, you can pick up the perfect gear for the climate that you’re traveling in.

A warm winter jacket or a pair of boots make for an excellent souvenir. You’ll also save money because you can avoid checking a bag when you fly. The only drawback to doing this is that you’ll be cold when you arrive because you won’t have the proper clothing or gear. Make your winter clothes shopping trip a priority.

16. Consider Renting Winter Travel Gear Instead of Bringing your Own

If your winter trip involves outdoor sports such as skiing, snowboarding, snowshoeing, or ice skating, you may be better off just renting the gear. Particularly if you’re just learning or don’t already have your own.

By renting gear, you save on the cost of transporting it. As an added bonus, you don’t have to deal with the hassle of dragging it around for the duration of your trip. Before your trip, add up the costs and consider your options. Even if you already own your own, it may be cheaper and more convenient to rent.

17. See the Northern Lights

This is one winter travel experience that is on everyone’s bucket list. The northern lights are caused charged particles from the sun interacting with gas molecules in the earth’s atmosphere. You can only view the aurora borealis at far northern latitudes.

The best place to travel to see the northern lights depends on a number of factors. One of the world’s best viewing locations is in Fairbanks, Alaska. Here, you can see the northern lights on average 4 out of 5 nights between August 21st and April 21st.

Other places where you can view the northern lights include Northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland as well as Iceland, Greenland, and Russia.

18. Travel Somewhere Warm During the Winter

If you’re not a fan of cold weather, travel somewhere warm instead. There are plenty of incredible travel destinations that are warm year-round. Alternatively, you could travel to the opposite hemisphere where it’s summer.

Final Thoughts

Due to the holidays and weather conditions, winter is one of the most difficult times to travel. The season is stressful, cold, and often busy. It’s also slightly more dangerous due to the risks that cold weather carries. If you pack right and take your time, you can have a safe, warm, and enjoyable winter trip.

Do you like to travel during the winter? Share your winter travel tips in the comments below!

More from Where The Road Forks

• Summer Travel Tips: Beat the Heat, Avoid Crowds, and Save Money
• Backpack Vs. Suitcase for Travel: My Pros and Cons List
• 21 Winter Hiking Tips
• My Christmas in Tijuana

Zachary Friedman is an accomplished travel writer and professional blogger. Since 2011, he has traveled to 66 countries and 6 continents. He founded ‘Where The Road Forks’ in 2017 to provide readers with information and insights based on his travel and outdoor recreation experience and expertise. Zachary is also an avid cyclist and hiker. Living as a digital nomad, Zachary balances his professional life with his passions for hiking, camping, cycling, and worldwide exploration. For a deeper dive into his journey and background, visit the About page. For inquiries and collaborations, please reach out through the Contact page. You can also follow him on Facebook.

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Winter Travel Tips From a Weather Expert

Aaaah! The joys of traveling in winter weather.

10 tips to make traveling easier, whether you fly or drive

Traveling this winter? Whether you fly or drive, here are 10 quick tips from a weather and climate expert to make traveling easier.

Winter Car Emergency Kit

Are you prepared for the next blizzard, power outages: what to do before, during, and after an outage.

1. Fly non-stop.  If you can fly non-stop, do so in the wintertime. We know it can be more costly, but if you're choosing between flights, it makes sense for winter travel. 

2. Pick connecting airports carefully . Remember that El Niños shift the mid-winter storms south. This surprises many travelers.

• Yes, in fall and spring, it is smarter to choose your connections through southern airports like Dallas/Fort Worth to avoid snow delays.
• In mid-winter, however, during El Niños, northern terminals have quieter weather, and the southern tier of states usually have more storms. 

3. Fly Early in the Day.  Weather problems in one airport trigger delays throughout the system, so fly early in the day.  The earlier you fly, the fewer of these cascading delays will hit you.

4. Give yourself extra time in winter!  On planes, give yourself a longer than average time between connections. De-icing can make your flight depart one to two hours late. 

Whether driving to the airport, hotel, or destination, add an extra hour. Would you spend extra time reading in an airport or trying to book a new flight? Just do it! You'll save yourself unnecessary stress.

5. Check in 24 hours ahead, and don't wait.  Bad weather and travelers on canceled flights trying to get new flights means planes can be overbooked. If you have assigned seats and check in by computer 24 hours early, you have less risk of being bumped. 

6. Get updated online .   Get Twitter (or Facebook) and follow your airline 2 or 3 days before the flight. If you see flights are starting to be canceled due to weather, then your flight is at higher risk. The earlier you learn of a canceled flight, the more likely you can get rebooked.

7. Have an emergency car kit. In the back of your car, keep a warm pair of mittens, a blanket, a flashlight, extra batteries, windshield cleaner, a water bottle, an energy bar or two, and a bag of kitty litter or rock salt for traction. See the Almanac's Winter Car Emergency Kit .

8. Is your car winter-ready? How's your tire tread and air pressure? Do you need winter tires? Are all your fluids topped up? Do you know where to find your defroster, hazard lights, and windshield wiper buttons? Do you know how to shift into lower gear? Does your car have any special features, such as anti-lock brakes? If you're going on a long winter drive, spend a little time with your owner's manual and maybe even drive your car in a parking lot to be sure you're ready for winter driving.

9. Prepare before driving.  Don't leave the house in a rush when driving in the winter. Turn on the defroster so your windows heat up and won't get foggy when you're driving. Take time to get any snow off your car lights and windows. 

10. Slow down!!  In winter snow, drive much slower. Never tailgate. Focus on the road and look ahead for bridges (that may have ice spots), turns in the road, and snowdrifts. Again, there is no rush. Take your time and reduce your speed dramatically, even by half if needed.

We love interesting weather, but here’s hoping your travel weather is boring this winter!

James J. Garriss

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18 Winter Travel Tips for Flights and Road Trips

Ed Hewitt started traveling with his family at the age of 10 and has since visited dozens of countries on six continents. He wrote for IndependentTraveler.com for more than 20 years, producing hundreds of columns on travel and offering his expertise on radio and television. He is now a regular contributor to SmarterTravel.

An avid surfer and rower, Ed has written about and photographed rowing competitions around the world, including the last five Olympic Games.

He's passing his love of travel on to the next generation; his 10-year-old son has flown some 200,000 miles already.

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Successful winter travel is all about successfully navigating the weather. In winter, most travelers hope to get to and from their destinations with minimum trouble and maximum enjoyment—and, most importantly, to always arrive safe and sound, no matter what sort of snow, ice, sleet, or freezing rain you may encounter. To that end, here are some winter travel tips and tactics to help you avoid spending the season stuck in airports or on roadsides.

Winter Travel Tips for Flying

1. The worst winter travel problems for travelers frequently occur at connecting airports. If your first outbound flight is canceled and you end up returning to your own home from your local airport, that’s not too bad; if you are stuck in your vacation hotel hoping to get a flight home, that’s a bit worse. But when you’re stuck in a connecting airport in Texas calling hotels and praying for a place to stay, you’re in what I would call your worst-case scenario.

For this reason, you should fly nonstop whenever possible. To find nonstop flights, do all your initial flight searches with the “Nonstop Flights Only” button checked on your favorite booking engine. If you also use search options like “Show Nearby Airports” and “My Dates Are Flexible,” you’ll have a very good sense of how best to get from Point A to B without any Point C for connection.

2. If you absolutely must fly with a connection, watch your layover times carefully. If a weather delay causes you to miss your connection, you might be out of luck; the airline is not necessarily obligated to find you a seat on the next flight, and often cannot logistically do so if flights are full or unavailable. If you have a really tight connection time and your flight is running late, tell a flight attendant who may be able to make arrangements to hold your next flight, or at least get you off your first flight quickly.

3. Check the weather at your connecting cities as well as at your departure and destination airports. You’ll want to know what the weather is like for the departure and arrival airports (particularly if we’re traveling on vacation), but for the same reasons stated above you’ll want to know what is going on at your connecting airport as well. If the weather looks threatening, contact your airline to see if it can reroute you; it may be in its best interest to do so, and save you a lot of grief. Your chances of getting on a different flight will be greatly enhanced if you’ve already done the research yourself to determine which alternate flights might work best. Don’t count on a gate agent to know about or search the schedules of other airlines.

4. Try to book your connection through a southern city where weather shouldn’t be an issue. There are no guarantees here, as northern airports tend to be better equipped to deal with winter conditions, and a snowstorm can almost wholly shut down an airport that more often suffers from too much sun. However, your odds are better in places that rarely see ice or snow.

5. Choose a morning flight. For two reasons: First, you are far less likely to have your flight affected by problems at other airports. Second, if your flight is canceled or badly delayed, your options for alternate flights are greatly increased, improving your odds for getting on a different flight by the end of the day.

6. Consider alternative airports . Very often the problem is not solely weather, but also the overall volume of passengers and flights. In places like Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, and Houston, second-tier airports aren’t too far out of town and are tied into the transportation grid.

7. Get ahead of the game at security. Before you even get in line, put all your gear and spare coins into a pocket of your carry-on bag. With so much valuable stuff getting dumped into plastic bins all day, every day, it’s inevitable that stuff gets left behind, dropped, damaged, broken, or even stolen. If you take 15 seconds to stow everything, you’ll make the time up twice over on either side of the security gate, and won’t risk losing cell phones, wallets, keys, and other essentials. Find more airport security tips here and here .

8. The annual holiday travel rule: Don’t wrap gifts—security will have to rip them open. With the TSA searching checked bags as well as carry-ons, this applies to all of your luggage; not just what you bring onto the plane with you. Consider shipping your gifts ahead of time or wrapping them once you get to your destination. Find more holiday-specific winter travel tips here .

9. Finally, avoid peak travel dates as best you can, particularly holiday weekends. Find out the best and worst days to travel around the holidays here .

Winter Travel Tips for Driving

1. Put some extra clothing and emergency items into your vehicle; these will come in handy if you break down in cold weather. Assemble a basic kit including a pair of gloves , weather-resistant pants and/or coat, maybe an old pair of boots, a blanket , jumper cables , a flashlight with some extra batteries, and a windshield scraper (and maybe a de-icer ), and you should be in good shape. You might also toss a few nutrition bars in as well; things that won’t spoil, are packed with calories, and can bail you out in a pinch.

2. Make sure your car is checked over for winter weather readiness. In particular, you or a mechanic should inspect your tires before the first big winter storm.

3. Once your vehicle is inspected and equipped, follow this advice I heard a while back from a Montana snowplow driver: “See and be seen. Keep your headlights and taillights clean, especially in stormy weather. Keep windows clean and make sure defrosters work well. If snow has built up on your vehicle overnight or after a break from driving, clear it away so it doesn’t blow off and obscure your windows.”

4. Slow down. The U.S. Department of Transportation recommends slowing down by about 50 percent in bad weather. Also leave extra space between you and the car in front of you in case of slippery roads.

5. Remember that not all stretches of road are created alike. For example, many recently built small bridges and overpasses have been designed to blend into the surroundings, with a gradual or nonexistent change in elevation. These bridges nonetheless remain susceptible to icing over much more rapidly than regular blacktop. Look out and look ahead for these short stretches of road when temperatures approach or drop below freezing. If you don’t know the ropes of driving on icy surfaces, here’s how to drive on black ice .

6. Some features of modern automobiles may actually serve you poorly in bad conditions. In some SUVs and four-wheel-drive vehicles, for example, you may have better traction when the vehicle is under way, but the four-wheel drive won’t help you stop any faster. Also, skip the cruise control; your cruise control feature may accelerate when you least want it to, such as when you are climbing an icy bridge.

7. Some safety experts recommend putting a bag of kitty litter in the trunk, both for added ballast to offer better traction, and to put under the wheels if you need to get yourself out of a slippery spot.

8. If you’re stranded and have to stay in your car, you can run the engine for heat, but make sure the exhaust pipe is not obstructed by snow or mud. If you prefer not to have the engine running the whole time, close the windows to keep heat in, and run the car for 10 minutes every hour, cracking open a front window when you do so.

9. If you are parking at your hotel or near attractions in bad weather, opt for a spot in an indoor parking garage when available.

Readers: What winter travel tips would you add? Post them in the comments.

More from SmarterTravel:

• The One Winter Travel Accessory You Should Always Pack
• 7 Lightweight Winter Jackets for Travel
• Quiz: Where Should You Travel This Winter?

Editor’s Note: This story was written in 2017. It has been updated to reflect the most current information.

We hand-pick everything we recommend and select items through testing and reviews. Some products are sent to us free of charge with no incentive to offer a favorable review. We offer our unbiased opinions and do not accept compensation to review products. All items are in stock and prices are accurate at the time of publication. If you buy something through our links, we may earn a commission.

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Winter Weather Driving Tips

Driving in winter weather, changes you may notice, preparing your vehicle, before you go.

Whether it’s snow, sleet or ice, winter weather can cause extremely dangerous road conditions. In 2021 there were 395 fatal crashes, and an estimated 22,325 injury crashes that occurred when there was snow/sleet conditions at the time of the crash. Preparing yourself – and your vehicle – for winter weather is key.

Slow down. It’s harder to control or stop your vehicle on a slick or snow-covered surface. In fact, in 2021, there were an estimated 121,156 police-reported crashes that occurred when there was snow/sleet conditions at the time of the crash. On the road, increase your following distance enough so that you’ll have plenty of time to stop for vehicles ahead of you.

Don’t crowd a snow plow or travel beside the truck. Snow plows travel slowly, make wide turns, stop often, overlap lanes, and exit the road frequently. If you find yourself behind a snow plow, stay far enough behind it and use caution if you pass the plow.

What to Do in an Emergency

If you are stopped or stalled in wintry weather, stay focused on yourself and your passengers, your car, and your surroundings.

• Stay with your car and don’t overexert yourself. 
• Let your car be seen. Put bright markers on the antenna or windows and keep the interior dome light on. 
• Be mindful of carbon monoxide poisoning. Make sure your exhaust pipe is clear of any snow and run your car only sporadically — just long enough to stay warm. Don’t run your car for long periods of time with the windows up or in an enclosed space.

Also, make sure car seats and booster seats are properly installed and that any children riding with you are in the right seat for their ages and sizes. See NHTSA’s child passenger safety recommendations to find the right seat for your child’s age and size. You can visit NHTSA’s Child Car Seat Inspection Station Locator to find a free car seat inspection site near you, or to get information on virtual inspections.

When the temperature drops, so does battery power. In cold weather, gasoline and diesel engines take more battery power to start, and electric and hybrid-electric vehicles’ driving range can be reduced. Have a mechanic check your battery, charging system, belts, and for any other needed repairs or replacements.

Safety Technologies

Familiarize yourself with the safety technologies on your vehicle and how they perform in wintry conditions. Know whether your vehicle has an antilock brake system and learn how to use it properly. Antilock brake systems prevent your wheels from locking up during braking. If you have antilock brakes, apply firm, continuous pressure to the brake pedal. If you don’t have antilock brakes, you may need to pump your brakes if you feel your wheels starting to lock up. For more information on driver assistance technologies, visit NHTSA.gov/DriverAssistTech .

Due to slushy winter conditions, you might consider switching out your usual floor mats for thicker material or rubbery ones. Improperly installed floor mats in your vehicle could interfere with the operation of the accelerator or brake pedal, increasing the risk of a crash. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for mat installation and use retention clips to secure the mats. Always use mats that are the correct size and fit for your vehicle.

Check your headlights, brake lights, turn signals, emergency flashers and interior lights. Be sure to also check your trailer brake lights and turn signals, if necessary.

Windshield Wipers

You can quickly go through a lot of windshield wiper fluid in a single snowstorm. Make sure your vehicle’s reservoir is full of high-quality “winter” fluid with de-icer before winter weather hits. Make sure defrosters and all windshield wipers work and replace any worn blades. Consider installing heavy-duty winter wipers if you live in an area that gets a lot of snow and ice.

Cooling System

Make sure you have enough coolant in your vehicle, and that it meets the manufacturer’s specifications. See your vehicle owner’s manual for recommendations. Check the cooling system for leaks, test the coolant, and drain or replace the old coolant.

You may also want to visit your mechanic for a tune-up and ask them to check for leaks, badly worn hoses, or other needed parts, repairs, and replacements.

Stock Your Vehicle

Carry items in your vehicle to handle common winter driving-related tasks, and supplies you might need in an emergency, including:

• a snow shovel, broom, and ice scraper; 
• abrasive material (sand or kitty litter), in case your vehicle gets stuck in the snow; 
• jumper cables, flashlight, and warning devices (flares and emergency markers); 
• blankets for protection from the cold; and 
• a cell phone and charger, water, food, and any necessary medicine.

Gas Up or Plug It In

Keep your gas tank close to full whenever possible. 

Similarly, in the case for  electric and hybrid-electric vehicles , it is important keep your battery charged and to also minimize the drain on the battery. In general, batteries with liquid electrolyte have reduced energy storage and delivery capabilities at lower temperatures, which is why most all vehicle batteries use battery power for self-heating in low temperatures. The battery drain due to heating can be minimized by keeping your electric vehicle as warm as possible during freezing temperatures.  A common way to do this is plugging your vehicle in at night during the winter – keeping the battery in its optimal temperature ranges.

Plan Your Route

Check your local weather and traffic reports before heading out. If your roads are not in good shape, consider postponing non-essential travel until the roads are cleared. If you do have to go out, make sure you are prepared in case you become delayed while traveling. If making a long road trip when winter weather is forecasted, consider leaving early or changing your departure to avoid being on the roads during the worst of the storm.

Familiarize yourself with directions and maps before you go—even if you use a GPS—and let others know your route and anticipated arrival time. On longer trips, plan enough time to stop to stretch, get something to eat, check your phone, and change drivers or rest if you feel drowsy.

Year-Round Safety

Check for recalls.

NHTSA's Recalls Look-up Tool lets you enter a vehicle identification number (VIN) to quickly learn if your vehicle has a critical safety issue that has not been repaired, and how to get that repair done for free. You can also download NHTSA’s SaferCar app and enter your vehicle and equipment information. If a recall is issued, you’ll get an alert on your phone.

Avoid Risky Driving Behaviors

You know the rules: Do not text or drive distracted; obey posted speed limits; and always drive sober. Both alcohol and drugs can impair safe and responsible driving by affecting things such as coordination, judgment, perception, and reaction time. And remember: always wear your seat belt.

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33 Essential Winter Travel Tips (Whether You Drive or Fly)

If you're traveling this winter, whether by plane, train, or automobile, there are a few things you'll want to keep in mind to make your trip as smooth and stress-free as possible.

Here are 33 essential winter travel tips to help you get where you're going safely and comfortably, no matter what mode of transportation you're using.

1. Plan ahead.

This is especially important if you're flying, as airport delays and cancelations are more common in winter weather. Check everything you need to know about your destination and plan to arrive a day or two early if possible, just in case your flight is delayed.

2. Dress in layers.

You never know when the temperature will change, so it's always best to be prepared. Wear a base layer of clothing that will keep you warm, even if it gets wet.

Add a middle layer of insulation, such as a sweater or light jacket. And top it off with a waterproof outer layer in case you get caught in the snow or rain.

When you fly, the general rule is to wear your heaviest clothes. This will keep you warm and will prevent your luggage from being overweight.

3. Pack your essentials.

In addition to your clothes, make sure you pack all of your essential toiletries and medications. And don't forget your phone charger!

4. Stay hydrated.

It's important to stay hydrated when traveling, especially in winter weather. Bring a water bottle with you and drink frequently, even if you're not thirsty.

5. Protect your skin .

The cold weather can be harsh on your skin, so make sure to pack some lotion and lip balm. Apply them frequently, especially if you're exposed to the elements.

6. Don't forget your sunscreen.

Winter sun can be just as damaging as summer sun. So it's wise to apply sunscreen before you go outside.

7. Be mindful of ice and snow.

Ice and snow can make even the most familiar surroundings treacherous. Take extra care when walking, and always keep your hands free in case you need to break your fall.

8. Check the forecast before heading out.

Winter weather can be unpredictable, so it's always a good idea to check the forecast before you leave the house. This way, you can dress appropriately and be prepared for whatever the day brings.

9. Allow extra time for travel.

Winter weather can slow down even the best-laid plans. So, when making travel plans, always allow yourself some extra time in case of delays.

10. Drive carefully.

Snow and ice can negatively impact driving conditions. Ensure your safety by slowing down and allowing yourself extra time.

11. Know your route.

If you're driving in unfamiliar territory, make sure you know your route before setting out. This way, you can avoid getting lost or stranded in the middle of nowhere.

12. Keep your gas tank full.

It's always a good idea to keep your gas tank at least half full in case you get stranded or have to take a detour.

13. Pack a winter survival kit.

If you're driving in remote areas, it's a good idea to pack a winter survival kit in case you get stranded. This should include food, water, blankets, and other essential items.

14. Bring a map.

A physical map can be a lifesaver if you get lost, don't have access to the Internet, or your phone dies. So, make sure you pack one before heading out on your trip.

15. Tell someone your plans.

It's always a good idea to let someone know your travel plans, especially if you're going to be in a remote area. This way, they can come looking for you if you don't arrive at your destination when expected.

16. Check your car before heading out.

In winter weather, it's important to make sure your car is in good working order before setting out. This includes things like checking your tires, brakes, and windshield wipers. When driving in the winter, be sure to use snow tires or chains and use windshield washer fluid that won’t freeze.

17. Bring a shovel.

A shovel can be a lifesaver if you get stuck in the snow. So, make sure you pack one before heading out on your trip if possible.

18. Bring a bag of sand.

Sand can be used to help get your car out of the snow if you get stuck. So, it's a good idea to have a bag of it in your trunk.

19. Don't travel alone.

If possible, travel with someone else. This way, you can help each other if you run into trouble.

20. Stay on main roads.

In winter weather, it's best to stay on main roads where there is more traffic and better cell phone reception.

21. Keep your phone charged.

It's important to have a fully charged phone in case of an emergency, so make sure you charge it before you leave and keep it plugged in while you're on the road.

22. Bring a power bank.

A power bank can be a lifesaver if your phone dies and you can't charge it.

23. Check your airline’s baggage policy.

If you’re flying, check your airline’s baggage policy before packing. Some airlines have restrictions on how many bags you can bring or how much they can weigh.

24. Get travel insurance.

In the event that your flight is canceled or you get sick while on your trip, travel insurance can help cover the costs.

25. Bring something warm.

Take a blanket, pillow, or something to keep you warm on a cold plane or in the car.

26. Pack snacks.

Pack snacks to keep your energy up while traveling.

27. Ask about winter weather driving rates.

If you’re renting a car, ask about winter weather driving rates. Some companies charge extra for driving in the snow.

28. Use a power strip.

Charging your devices at once is easier if you bring a power strip.

29. Sign up for airline alerts.

If you’re flying, sign up for airline alerts to be notified of any changes to your flight.

30. Keep your headlights on.

When driving, keep your headlights on so you can see and be seen.

31. Bring cash.

It's always a good idea to have cash on hand, especially when you're traveling in remote areas in the winter.

32. Make copies of important documents.

Be sure to make copies of your passport, driver's license, and other important documents.

33. Watch for frostbite.

Frostbite can happen quickly in cold weather, so it's important to be aware of the signs. If your skin starts to feel numb or tingly, seek medical attention immediately.

If you're planning a trip this winter to enjoy the cold season to the fullest, why not head to Europe!

Here you'll find some of the best winter travel destinations to end the year on a great note.

Plus, we've put together a guide on how to up your skincare game for the winter season here .

And don't forget to check out Flatio for accommodations in hundreds of destinations across Europe to make your trip even more memorable. We look forward to seeing you on Flatio!

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• Packing Lists

The Ultimate Winter Road Trip Packing List

From hand warmers to antifreeze, these are the driving essentials to help you stay safe on the road.

• Best Accessories
• Best Tech Gear
• Best Car Gear

Tips for Packing for a Winter Road Trip

• Why Trust T+L

We independently evaluate all recommended products and services. If you click on links we provide, we may receive compensation. Learn more .

Travel + Leisure / David Hattan

Whether you're driving home to visit family this winter or headed to the mountains on a ski trip, packing cold-weather road trip essentials will ensure your car adventure doesn't turn into a dangerous misadventure. As a longtime Bay Area resident, I've taken many road trips to Lake Tahoe during ski season. I find that a well-tested car packing list simplifies my Friday night escapes for weekend getaways. With my trusted list, I can ensure that my car is equipped with everything from a cozy blanket to a reliable ice scraper . 

To cover the details of road trip safety gear and car preparation, I spoke with an automotive expert and referred to top-rated winter accessories, tech gear, and car essentials tested by the Travel + Leisure team. Wherever you're headed, this complete winter road trip packing guide will make sure you arrive safe and warm.

Best Accessories for a Winter Road Trip

It might be cozy in your car, but David Bennett, Master Automotive Technician and Senior Automotive Manager at AAA, says it's important to be prepared for the elements. "Dress in layers so if all of a sudden you break down and have to walk somewhere, you have the ability to bundle up," he explains.

With the right winter accessories, you'll be weather-ready when stretching your legs, changing a tire, or waiting out road-side assistance if an emergency arrives. 

Best Gloves

Hestra wind shield liner glove.

We surveyed our T+L editors to find our top picks for winter gloves, and this fleece pair had excellent feedback. They come with grip on the palm and fingers, making them practical to wear while driving. They're also compatible with touchscreens so you can keep them on during driving breaks as you check your GPS or messages. While the gloves aren't waterproof, you can also wear them as a base layer under more heavy-duty gloves or mittens.

Best Snow Boots for Men

Columbia men's fairbanks omni-heat ankle boot.

On a winter road trip, you want shoes that are comfy enough for the car, but sturdy enough for a snowy destination. These winter boots for men are totally water-resistant and stood up to every puddle we could find during testing. The tread is also high-quality, reducing the risk of slipping while you stretch your legs. One T+L team member described them as "wildly comfortable" and like "snow pants for my feet." The shoes can get a little toasty, but that will reduce your need to crank the heat during your drive, saving on gas or EV battery power.

Travel + Leisure / Henry Hackett

Best Snow Boots for Women

Keen women’s revel iv polar boot.

These winter boots for women are perfect for a hike, running errands, doing yard work, and, yes, a winter road trip. Out of 24 women's snow boots tested by T+L editors, these earned a perfect score for support, traction, waterproof capabilities, and design, placing them as our pick for the most versatile pair . They are sturdy and structured, so you might want to swap them out for longer drives, but they’re also lightweight, weighing in at only 1.3 pounds. You'll be happy you have them in case you need to spend time outside your car in snowy weather.

Travel + Leisure / Tara Massouleh McCay

Best Blanket

Oceas waterproof fleece blanket.

A car blanket provides a little coziness and warmth in cold weather. This blanket from Oceas feels more high quality than others we've tested, and it comes with a carry pouch so you can keep it in your trunk when not in use. It folds down compactly, and there is an elastic band attached to the blanket that secures it when rolled up. The ripstop fabric is softer than other waterproof blankets we tested, which can sometimes have a plastic feel to them. The top layer is made from warm polar fleece.

Best Thermos

Contigo autoseal west loop vacuum insulated travel mug.

Hot coffee might be the fuel you're looking for on a cold winter road trip. This insulated tumbler stood out among the 33 travel mugs we tested because of the screw-on, leakproof lid and autoseal feature that reduces the chance of spills. We found it easy to use with just one hand because all you need to do is press the button to drink rather than removing the lid, making it easy to use with gloves on. It is also skinny enough to fit in most cup holders. It can keep cold drinks insulated for nearly two days, while hot drinks remained warm for about two and a half hours during our test. The top is dishwasher safe, but you'll have to wash the painted stainless steel mug by hand.

Best Hand Warmers

Survival frog quickheat pro rechargeable hand warmer with portable power bank.

Hand warmers are helpful in emergency situations, like an unexpected breakdown when you might spend time in the cold. This hand warmer from Survival Frog was our pick for the one with the best battery life out of the 14 we tested . It heats up easily in 10 seconds and can hold a long charge as long as 14 hours on the lowest setting — just make sure to charge it well in advance. We found it can give off a very strong level of heat, and overall it was popular for its heating capacity and consistency. Drivers can use it for a few minutes to heat up their hands during a stretch break or before hitting the road, while passengers can enjoy it during the drive. It also doubles as a 9000 mAh power bank that can fully charge a smartphone.

Best Tech Gear for a Winter Road Trip

AAA expert Bennett puts a phone, a phone charger, and a flashlight at the top of his list of tech gear essentials. With these T+L-tested tech choices, you can stay connected and prepared for whatever the winter roads have in store.

Best Rechargeable Flashlight

Nitecore mt21c rechargeable flashlight.

You might be thinking: if I have my phone, why do I need a flashlight? Well this rechargeable flashlight from Nitecore topped our list as the best overall out of the 16 we tested . We love it for its compact size, durability, and five brightness levels ranging from ultra-low to turbo. Some of its safety features include strobe, beacon, and SOS modes, and we found it to be solidly water tight, which means it will stand up to rain and snow. In our tests, it also fit in every car console, big or small.

Travel + Leisure / Eric Brockob

Best Phone Mount

Andobil car phone holder mount.

This is one of the best car mounts we’ve ever tried, making it a must-have for your winter road trip. In fact, we named it our best overall pick out of all the car mounts we tested this year. There are three ways to mount it into the car: with a suction cup stuck either to the dashboard or directly onto the windshield, or with a different attachment that clicks into the vent. The mount is easy to use, stays stable, and features a quick-release button so you can get your phone back with one hand.

Travel + Leisure / Daniel Modlin

Best Power Bank

Mophie powerstation xxl.

We did some research to find this high-capacity power bank that is strong enough to power your tablet and can handle three devices at the same time. That's great if you have multiple phones and tablets that you or your passengers need to charge at once during a long ride. It’s important to have a fully charged phone in case of an emergency, especially if you don’t have access to an outlet.

Best Emergency Communication Device

Garmin inreach messenger.

If you plan to drive in remote or snow-covered areas, an emergency communication device may be necessary. It provides a reliable way to call for assistance when cell phone service isn't available. This one from Garmin has a strong battery life and employs reliable satellite technology. With it, you can text contacts, share your location, and send out SOS signals to monitoring staff. You will need a satellite subscription, and monthly plans are about $15.

Best Car Gear for a Winter Road Trip

As with any road trip, you want to make sure your car is ready for whatever comes your way. For a winter road trip, there are specific considerations to make for the weather, including winter wiper blades or washer fluid. Here's some key items you’ll want to keep on hand for your car.

Best Multi-tool

Leatherman wave+ multi-tool.

This multi-tool hits the sweet spot in terms of size and function, making it T+L's winner for best multi-tool out of 30 we tested . It's big enough to be useful but small and light enough to carry around. We noted that the tools and blades are easy to open, including the locking mechanisms. At home, you might prefer to use each full-size, standalone tool for a specific job, but if a situation arrives on the road, you'll be happy to have access to this practical solution.

Travel + Leisure / Henry Wortock

Best First Aid Kit

Adventure medical kit ultralight watertight .5.

This versatile kit tops our list of the best first aid kits for travel . With over 40 pieces, it addresses a wide range of potential issues and includes two doses of various over-the-counter pain relievers, antihistamine, and antibiotic ointment. When fully stocked, it offers ample supplies to cover one person for approximately two days. The bright yellow color enhances visibility in emergencies, though it's worth noting that the lack of interior organization may lead to some fumbling in urgent situations.

Best Tire Chains

König xg-12 pro 210 snow chains, set of 2.

The König XG-12 Pro 235 chains have a pattern design that allows for maximum grip in tough conditions. According to our research, these chains are easy to install — which you know is a major plus if you've ever been on the side of the road putting on chains during a blizzard. These chains also provide good braking performance and stay tight to the tire.

Best Ice Scraper

Birdrock home snow moover 55-inch extendable foam snow brush & ice scraper.

One of our researched options, this ice scraper and snow brush combo will get your car out from under snow and back on the road again. It can extend up to 55 inches, which means it works for larger cars, too, without taking up too much space inside. The freeze-resistant foam head makes it easy to push off snow, and since it extends, you won't end up with snow all over you.

Best Roadside Emergency Kit

First secure 90-piece car emergency roadside & first aid kit.

This 90-piece roadside emergency and first aid kit covers a lot of the road trip essentials. It comes with a reflective triangle, jumper cables, an air compressor, a headlamp with an LED bulb, a tow rope, a tire repair kit, a window breaker/seatbelt cutter, a tire pressure gauge, electrical tape, bungee cords, cable ties, bandages, tools, work gloves, and more. You won't necessarily have the best of each item, but with one purchase, you'll buy a lot of peace of mind. An emergency kit is definitely a must, and this is a good place to start.

Best Antifreeze

Valvoline multi-vehicle concentrate antifreeze/coolant.

Antifreeze, aka coolant, prevents the water in your engine's cooling system from freezing when it's cold outside. Without antifreeze, the engine water could ... freeze. That would cause damage to the engine block and radiator, leading to extensive and costly damage. This antifreeze from Valvoline has a long life and is compatible with many vehicles. It also claims to be compatible with other coolants, which means you can use it even if you don't remember the last coolant you used.

Best Snow Tires

Bridgestone blizzak ws90.

If you plan to drive regularly in the snow, snow tires (aka winter tires) are a must. They use specialized rubber and tread to work better on cold, wet roads. Using snow tires increases overall safety by reducing the likelihood of skidding, sliding, and hydroplaning. The Bridgestone Blizzak WS90 are a reliable, high-quality option. Note that some drivers notice more noise compared to all-season tires.

Best Winter Wiper Blades

Rain-x- 2 latitude water repellency wiper blade.

Bennett, the AAA expert I spoke to, recommends winter wiper blades for their thicker rubber. This set from Rain-X also has water repellent coating that transfers to your windshield and will allow you to maintain visibility even in downpours. They're also easy to install, but you may have to clean off residue the first time you use them.

Best Winter Washer Fluid

Prestone deluxe 2-in-1 windshield washer fluid.

This washer fluid from Prestone won’t turn to ice, thanks to a super low freezing point of  -27 degrees Fahrenheit. The formula can also repel water and is suitable all year long. It actually comes with a bug wash, which you might appreciate more in the summer.

Best Emergency

Cartman 3-pack warning triangle.

Heavy snowfall or foggy conditions can significantly reduce visibility on the road. If you stall out or need to pullover to install chains, reflective safety triangles make it easier for other drivers to see you. In fact, carrying safety triangles is required in some areas and for some specific types of vehicles. These Cartman triangles are approved by the Department of Transportation and have a folding, snap-fit design. Just don't forget to be extra careful when you're setting them up behind your vehicle.

Best Jumper Pack

Noco boost sport gb20 500 amp 12-volt ultrasafe lithium jump starter box.

You know what's better than carrying jumper cables? Carrying a jumper starter pack that doesn't require another vehicle to operate. If your car battery dies, trust me when I say you'll be grateful to have the Noco Boost Sport GB20 with you. You just attach the clamps to your battery, press power, and start the vehicle. The jumper pack also works as a portable power bank you can use to charge smartphones, tablets, and other USB devices, although the charge can be slow. It also has an LED flashlight with emergency strobe and SOS modes.

Best Snow Shovel

Snow joe 18-inch strain-reducing snow shovel.

If the snow really comes down, you'll need a snow shovel to get your car out or clear the driveway or parking spot at your accommodations. That can be a literal pain, but the spring assist on this shovel will keep the strain to a minimum.

Best Kitty Litter for Traction

Worlds best cat litter multiple cat unscented.

If you get stuck on ice, sprinkling kitty litter under your tire can help regain traction. Since it's also absorbent, it can soak up water or wet snow that might be keeping you stuck. This relatively small eight-pound bag is easy to throw in the car so you have it on hand if needed.

Now that you have your complete winter road trip packing list, here are some expert tips to help make your departure smooth. 

Prioritize the essentials

To start off, make sure you have a phone and a charger. During a road trip, we rely on our phones for essentials like directions, music, and reaching emergency services. So prioritize making sure you always have a charge. Other essentials you should have on hand include snacks, water, a flashlight, and jumper cables or a jump pack that you know how to use. 

Bennett also shares this great tip: keep these essentials in a backpack in your vehicle cabin. If an emergency comes up, you can easily carry the essentials with you as you walk to get help. Having an essential backpack also makes it easy to access things like snacks and water during your trip. Think of it like an airplane carry-on and pack accordingly. 

Prepare for all types of weather

If you're heading on a ski trip or covering a lot of ground in the winter, chances are you'll see some snow. In that case, snow tires are a good idea. “They're going to provide a little bit better grip on the road and give you better traction," Bennett says. 

You also can be prepared by bringing along a set of chains — but be sure you know how to install them. "If you do not know how to put them on correctly, they could cause significant damage to the vehicle," Bennett points out, noting that poorly installed chains could fly off and cause a lot of damage to the vehicle.

Make sure you have a roadside safety kit

In the event of unexpected breakdowns or accidents, the kit provides tools to manage minor repairs and jump-start the car in cold weather. Since accessing help may take longer in bad weather, having a roadside safety kit adds an extra layer of security on challenging winter roads. The packing list above will make sure you have all the basics covered. 

Check your vehicle maintenance

Tires and lights are the two most crucial car elements for a safe winter road trip, according to Bennett. "Take a look at your lights to make sure that you can see and can be seen," he says. 

For tires, you should check the tread and pressure. You can check the tread yourself with the " quarter tire test ." Take a quarter, put it upside down, and stick it inside the tread. "If you can see Washington's head, it's probably time for a new set of tires," Bennett explains. 

Also, make sure you have a spare tire, if your vehicle allows for one. Bennett points out that up to 30 percent of new cars are not equipped with spare tires, so in that case bring an inflator kit and have your roadside assistance number handy for emergencies. "Understand what equipment you have," Bennett advises. 

You also want to check all your fluids (oli, transmission fluid, power steering fluid, wiper fluid), and ensure that your car's battery, brakes, and heating system are in good working order for winter conditions. If your car battery is more than three years old, Bennett also recommends having it tested, as most batteries last between three and five years.

Put away all distractions

Whether your car ride is five minutes or five hours, distractions are dangerous. "Don't be looking at your phone while you're driving," Bennett cautions. He advises that you add your destination on your GPS navigator before departing and plan as much as you can while you're not driving. And create and download your playlist before you hit the road. 

If you're traveling as a family, keeping kids engaged is also crucial to a less-distracted ride. "There's always the license plate game or I spy, but give them things to read or a tablet or something that entertains them," Bennett says, noting, "You want to remove anything that distracts you from the task at hand. And that task at hand is going from point A to point B, safely."

Maintain visibility while carrying cargo

Packing up skis or a snowboard? Consider getting a cargo box and make sure it's securely fastened. "If all of a sudden you're filling the hatchback, you can't see out your back windshield," Bennett says. Also know that a heavy load will impact your gas mileage or battery range. 

Frequently Asked Questions

"The big thing is to start early," Bennett says. He recommends inspecting your vehicle two or three weeks ahead of your trip. There may be a part you need to order or an expense you weren't prepared for. If appropriate, also ready your car by swapping in your winter blades, wiper fluid, and snow tires. 

Dress in layers. It can get cold during breaks, or you might want to turn down the heat to conserve mileage, so sweaters and scarves are your friend. You'll also want to be prepared with snow boots, gloves , and waterproof clothing if you need to be outside to install chains or during an emergency. 

"Take frequent breaks," Bennett advises. If not, you could get tired mentally and physically.  Bennett suggests you spend at least a few minutes each break walking around and stretching. 

Staying hydrated is another important way to stay comfortable. "If all of a sudden you get dehydrated, that's going to affect your cognitive abilities," Bennett says. This means you won't be able to react as well. If you're worried about needing to stop for the restroom, just consider those other chances to take a break.

Finally, Bennett recommends that you plan stops ahead of time. Best case scenario: there is a scenic overlook or historic site on your way.

If you're traveling in an electric vehicle, make sure you plan your route around charging infrastructure, and confirm that each charging station is accessible in winter weather. 

Weather conditions can also impact your battery performance, with cold weather reducing efficiency. One way to get around that: use your car's preconditioning feature while you're connected to the charger. This will warm up the battery and the car, saving energy on the first part of the drive. 

In your pre-departure vehicle check up, take a look at your battery health as well. Bennett is also clear to emphasize the importance of checking tire pressure and tread on all cars. "Your tires are the main part of the vehicle that grip the road, and that doesn't matter if it's an internal combustion engine or an EV," he says. In addition, low tire pressure can reduce your range.

Why Trust Travel + Leisure

For this story, T+L contributor Annie Gabillet spoke with David Bennett , a 36-year automotive industry veteran, ASE Master Automotive Technician, and Senior Automotive Manager at AAA. Annie included products extensively tested by the T+L team as well as thoroughly researched options. She also called on her experience planning winter road trips, including many ski trips to Lake Tahoe. 

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Stay Safe and Healthy in Winter

Winter storms and cold temperatures can be dangerous. Stay safe and healthy by planning ahead. Prepare your home and vehicles. Prepare for power outages and outdoor activity. Check on young children, older adults, and the chronically ill.

Although winter comes as no surprise, many of us may not be ready for its arrival. If you are prepared for the hazards of winter, you are more likely to stay safe and healthy when temperatures start to fall.

Prepare Your Home

Staying inside is no guarantee of safety. Take these steps [PDF – 344 KB]  to keep your home safe and warm during the winter months.

• Install weather stripping, insulation, and storm windows.
• Insulate water lines that run along exterior walls.
• Clean out gutters and repair roof leaks.
• Have your heating system serviced professionally to make sure that it is clean, working properly, and ventilated to the outside.
• Inspect and clean fireplaces and chimneys.
• Have a safe alternate heating source and alternate fuels available.
• If you do not have working smoke detectors, install one inside each bedroom, outside each sleeping area, and on every level of the home, including the basement. Test batteries monthly and replace them twice a year.
• Install a battery-operated or battery backup CO detector to alert you of the presence of the deadly, odorless, colorless gas. Check or change the battery when you change your clocks in the fall and spring.
• Learn the symptoms of CO poisoning: headache, dizziness, weakness, upset stomach, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion.

Get your vehicle ready for cold weather use before winter arrives.

Prepare Your Vehicle

Get your vehicle ready  for cold weather use before winter arrives.

• Service the radiator and maintain antifreeze level.
• Check your tires’ tread or, if necessary, replace tires with all-weather or snow tires.
• Keep the gas tank full to avoid ice in the tank and fuel lines.
• Use a wintertime formula in your windshield washer.
• Cell phone, portable charger, and extra batteries.
• Items to stay warm, such as extra hats, coats, mittens, blankets, or sleeping bags.
• Food and water.
• Booster cables, flares, tire pump, and a bag of sand or cat litter (for traction).
• Compass and maps.
• Flashlight, battery-powered radio, and extra batteries.
• First-aid kit; and
• Plastic bags (for sanitation).

Prepare for Emergencies

Be prepared for weather-related emergencies, including power outages .

• Stock food that needs no cooking or refrigeration and water  stored in clean containers.
• Ensure that your cell phone is fully charged.

When planning travel, be aware of current and forecast weather conditions.

• Battery-operated devices, such as a flashlight, a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio, and lamps.
• Extra batteries.
• First-aid kit and extra medicine.
• Baby items; and
• Cat litter or sand for icy walkways.
• Keep grills, camp stoves, and generators out of the house, basement, and garage.
• Locate generators at least 20 feet from the house.
• Leave your home immediately if the CO detector sounds and call 911.

Wear appropriate outdoor clothing: layers of light, warm clothing; windproof coat; mittens; hats; scarves; and waterproof boots.

Take Precautions Outdoors

Outdoor activities can expose you to several safety hazards, but you can take these steps to prepare for them:

• Wear appropriate outdoor clothing: wear a tightly woven, preferably wind-resistant coat or jacket; inner layers of light, warm clothing; mittens; hats; scarves; and waterproof boots.
• Sprinkle cat litter or sand on icy patches.
• Work slowly when doing outside chores.
• Take a buddy and an emergency kit when you are participating in outdoor recreation.
• Carry a cell phone.

Do This When You Plan to Travel

• Avoid non-essential travel when the National Weather Service has issued advisories.
• If you must travel, inform a friend or relative of your proposed route and expected time of arrival.
• Make your vehicle visible to rescuers. Tie a brightly colored cloth to the antenna, raise the hood (if it is not snowing), and turn on the inside overhead lights (when your engine is running).
• Move anything you need from the trunk into the passenger area. Stay with your vehicle unless safety is no more than 100 yards away.
• Keep your body warm. Wrap your entire body, including your head, in extra clothing, blankets, or newspapers. Huddle with other people if you can.
• Stay awake and stay moving. You will be less vulnerable to cold-related health problems. As you sit, keep moving your arms and legs to improve circulation and stay warmer.
• Run the motor (and heater) for about 10 minutes per hour, opening one window slightly to let in air. Make sure that snow is not blocking the exhaust pipe—this will reduce the risk of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.

Be ready to check on family and neighbors who are especially at risk from cold weather hazards: young children, older adults, and the chronically ill.

If you have pets, bring them inside. If you cannot bring them inside, provide adequate, warm shelter and unfrozen water to drink.

No one can stop the onset of winter. However, if you follow these suggestions, you will be ready for it when it comes.

Be sure to visit CDC’s Winter Weather  webpage for more winter weather safety tips.

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Severe weather can be both frightening and dangerous for travelers. Winter storms, bad weather and sloppy road conditions are a factor in nearly half a million crashes and more than 2,000 road deaths every winter, according to research by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. Drivers should know the safety rules for dealing with winter road emergencies. AAA urges drivers to be cautious while driving in adverse weather.

AAA recommends the following tips while driving in snowy and icy conditions:

• Keep a bundle of cold-weather gear in your car, such as extra food and water, warm clothing, a flashlight, a glass scraper, blankets, medications, and more.
• Make certain your tires are properly inflated and have plenty of tread.
• Keep at least half a tank of fuel in your vehicle at all times.
• Never warm up a vehicle in an enclosed area, such as a garage.
• Do not use cruise control when driving on any slippery surface, such as on ice and snow.
• Stay home . Only go out if necessary. Even if you can drive well in bad weather, it’s better to avoid taking unnecessary risks by venturing out.
• Drive slowly . Always adjust your speed down to account for lower traction when driving on snow or ice.
• Accelerate and decelerate slowly . Apply the gas slowly to regain traction and avoid skids. Don’t try to get moving in a hurry and take time to slow down for a stoplight. Remember: It takes longer to slow down on icy roads.
• Increase your following distance  to five to six seconds. This increased margin of safety will provide the longer distance needed if you have to stop.
• Know your brakes . Whether you have antilock brakes or not, keep the heel of your foot on the floor and use the ball of your foot to apply firm, steady pressure on the brake pedal.
• Don’t stop if you can avoid it . There’s a big difference in the amount of inertia it takes to start moving from a full stop versus how much it takes to get moving while still rolling. If you can slow down enough to keep rolling until a traffic light changes, do it.
• Don’t power up hills . Applying extra gas on snow-covered roads will just make your wheels spin. Try to get a little inertia going before you reach the hill and let that inertia carry you to the top. As you reach the crest of the hill, reduce your speed and proceed downhill slowly.
• Don’t stop going up a hill . There’s nothing worse than trying to get moving up a hill on an icy road. Get some inertia going on a flat roadway before you take on the hill.
• Be Prepared : Have your vehicle checked by a AAA Approved Auto Repair facility before hitting the road.
• Check the Weather:  Check the weather along your route and when possible, delay your trip if bad weather is expected.
• Stay Connected:  Before hitting the road, notify others and let them know your route, destination and estimated time of arrival.
• Stay with your vehicle : Your vehicle provides temporary shelter and makes it easier for rescuers to locate you. Do not try to walk in a severe storm. It is easy to lose sight of your vehicle in blowing snow and become lost.
• Don’t over exert yourself:  When digging out your vehicle, listen to your body and stop if you become tired.
• Be Visible:  Tie a brightly colored cloth to the antenna of your vehicle or place a cloth at the top of a rolled up window to signal distress. At night, keep the dome light on if possible. It only uses a small amount of electricity and will make it easier for rescuers to find you.
• Clear the Exhaust Pipe:  Make sure the exhaust pipe is not clogged with snow, ice or mud. A blocked exhaust pipe can cause deadly carbon monoxide gas to leak into the passenger compartment of the vehicle while the engine is running.
• Stay Warm:  Use whatever is available to insulate your body from the cold. This could include floor mats, newspapers or paper maps. Pre-pack blankets and heavy clothing to use in case of an emergency.
• Conserve Fuel:  If possible, only run the engine and heater long enough to remove the chill. This will help to conserve fuel.

AAA advises drivers to follow guidance from local authorities during winter weather events and, when possible, stay home even after the storm passes. Keeping the roads clear of unnecessary traffic will help first responders, including roadside technicians and tow providers, do their job safely and efficiently. If you must be on the roads, AAA recommends:

• Be prepared by having your vehicle inspected by a AAA Approved Auto Repair facility before hitting the road to ensure everything is in good working order.
• Check the weather at your starting point, along your route, and at your destination. If bad weather is expected at any point, if possible, delay your trip until conditions improve.
• Stay connected by notifying your friends and family of your route, destination, and estimated time of arrival.
• Slow Down, Move Over when you see first responders, roadside technicians, tow providers, or stranded drivers along the side of the road. Winter conditions make the road more dangerous than usual, and staying alert keeps everyone safe.

If you are stranded while traveling in winter weather, AAA recommends:

• Stay with your vehicle since it provides temporary shelter and makes it easier for rescuers to locate you.
• Do not try to walk in a severe storm since it is easy to lose sight of your vehicle and get lost in blowing snow. Also, passing vehicles may not be able to see you.
• Don’t overexert yourself trying to push or dig your vehicle out of the snow.
• Tie a brightly colored cloth to the antenna or place a cloth at the top of a rolled-up window to signal distress. At night, keep the dome light on if possible. It only uses a small amount of electricity and will make it easier for rescuers to find you.
• Make sure the exhaust pipe isn’t clogged with snow, ice, or mud. A blocked exhaust could cause deadly carbon monoxide gas to leak into the vehicle when the engine is running.
• Use whatever is available to insulate your body from the cold. If you don’t have an emergency kit with extra coats and blankets, you may use floor mats or other similar items. The point is to stay warm.
• If possible, run the engine and heater just long enough to remove the chill and conserve gasoline.

Emergency Kit

AAA strongly recommends drivers keep a well-stocked emergency kit in their vehicle. But this is especially important in the winter. A well-stocked emergency kit should include the following:

• Cell phone car chargers
• Flashlight with extra batteries
• Reflective or warning triangles (put outside of the vehicle to signal a breakdown)
• First-aid kit
• Drinking water and non-perishable food for travelers and pets
• Traction aids (sand, salt, non-clumping cat litter, or traction mats)
• Ice scraper or snow brush and shovel
• Gloves, extra coats or sweatshirts, hats, and blankets

AAA Response to Roadside Calls

During big winter storms, AAA will see an increase in calls for roadside assistance. Especially in those areas where the weather will be the most severe. Increased call volume combined with hazardous conditions will cause a delay in response time – especially if an area is inaccessible. When it is possible for roadside technicians and tow providers to go out, the safety of our members is AAA’s greatest concern, and priority is given to those stranded in the most dangerous conditions.

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Illinois Winter Weather Preparedness Week

November 6-10, 2023

" By failing to prepare you are preparing to fail. "     -- Ben Franklin   

Winter Weather Safety tips

Use sand to improve traction and apply products that melt ice on walkways

Make sure you have sufficient heating fuel. Regular fuel sources may be cut off

Keep emergency heating equipment and fuel so you can keep at least one room of your house warm enough to be livable

Keep fire extinguishers on hand, and make sure your family knows how to use them.

Winterize your home to extend the life of your fuel supply. Insulate walls, attics, doors, and windows.

Install storm windows or cover windows with plastic.

Do not overexert yourself or work outside for extended periods of time.

Downloads:   (PDF)

Winter Travel Tips

Make sure your car is in good operating condition before using it in extreme cold.

Keep condensation (water) out of your gas tank by keeping the tank as full as possible.

Plan your trip carefully. If cold, snowy, or icy conditions exceed your ability or your car's ability, don't travel. If you must travel be cautious.

Tell someone about your travel plans.

Never leave the motor running in a vehicle parked in an enclosed or partially enclosed space, such as a garage.

Cold Weather Safety tips

Hypothermia (low body temperature less than 95 degrees) is a life-threatening condition! Seek medical attention immediately! Get into dry clothing, warm the body core first and give the victim warm fluids - not hot beverages or alcohol.

Avoid overexertion, such as shoveling heavy snow or walking in deep snow. The strain from the cold could cause a heart attack  at any age.

Loose fitting, warm clothing worn in layers will insulate better and keep you warmer

Keep your feet and hands as dry as possible, and wear a hat  

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US Dept of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service Central Illinois 1362 State Route 10 Lincoln, IL 62656 217-732-7321 (forecast recording) or 217-732-3089 Comments? Questions? Please Contact Us.

Update: Franklin and Hampshire counties under a winter storm warning until Thursday afternoon – up to 10 inches of snow

• Updated: Apr. 04, 2024, 3:58 a.m. |
• Published: Apr. 03, 2024, 3:59 a.m.
• Advance Local Weather Alerts | Staff

An updated winter storm warning was issued by the National Weather Service on Thursday at 12:47 a.m. in effect until 2 p.m. for Franklin and Hampshire counties.

The weather service states, "Additional snow accumulations of 4 to 10 inches. Winds gusting as high as 50 mph."

"Travel could be very difficult. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning or evening commute. Gusty winds could bring down tree branches," adds the weather service. "If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in your vehicle in case of an emergency."

Winter weather driving safety: Navigating the chill with expert tips from the weather service

Winter's icy grip often turns roads treacherous, leading to over 6,000 weather-related vehicle fatalities and more than 480,000 injuries each year. When you find yourself on snowy or freezing rain-slicked roads, your top priority should be safety. Slow down and exercise caution. In temperatures near freezing, it's prudent to assume icy patches on the road and adjust your driving accordingly. Be on alert for ice accumulating on power lines and tree branches, as they may break and fall. If possible, avoid driving in these conditions altogether. But if you must venture out, choose routes with fewer trees and power lines, and never touch a downed power line. If you encounter one, dial 911 immediately. Here are additional winter weather driving tips:

1. Share your travel plans:

When traveling out of town in hazardous winter weather, inform your family or friends of your destination, planned route, and estimated time of arrival.

2. Prepare your vehicle:

Ensure your gas tank is full and equip your vehicle with essential winter supplies, including a windshield scraper, jumper cables, a small shovel, flashlight, cell phone, blanket, extra warm clothing, drinking water, and high-calorie non-perishable food.

3. Stay calm when stranded:

If you become stranded, remain composed. Inform someone about your situation and location. Avoid attempting to walk to safety. Indicate that you need assistance by attaching a cloth to your car's antenna or mirror, and make your vehicle more visible by using the dome light and flashers

4. Be aware of snow plows:

Keep an eye out for snow plows and allow them ample room to pass. Only overtake a plow when you have a clear view of the road ahead.

5. Check road conditions:

Before embarking on your journey, check the latest road conditions to make informed travel decisions.

These winter driving tips from the weather service are your key to a safer journey on snow-covered roads. By following these guidelines, you can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and ensure your well-being during challenging winter weather.

Advance Local Weather Alerts is a service provided by United Robots, which uses machine learning to compile the latest data from the National Weather Service.

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More From Forbes

When is the best time to visit bergen, norway.

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The colorful facades of Bergen’s Bryggen district attract tourists year-round.

Nestled between the peaks of seven mountains and the frigid waters of the North Sea, Bergen is a historic Norwegian city that rightly sits high on the wish list of visitors to Norway.

Its streets are lined with buildings that tell the story of its past, from its role as a Hanseatic League trading center to its development as a hub of the maritime industry.

The city's vibrant urban life is complemented by the stunning natural landscapes that surround it. This easy access to nature and lengthy list of things to do helps to make Bergen one of the best places to visit in Norway.

Choosing the best time to visit Bergen involves striking a balance between crowds and the weather. Summer attracts many visitors to the city and fjords, leading to crowded sites, while visiting off-peak may mean dealing with Bergen's well-known erratic weather.

Why Visit Bergen?

Whether you're embarking on a road trip or taking a train from Oslo, Bergen serves as a major stop on any Norway travel itinerary.

By road, Bergen is a useful base to explore the fjord region. Sightseeing boat tours are available from the city, while the picturesque town of Eidfjord on the Hardangerfjord is a two-hour drive away.

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By train, Bergen is the start or end point for one of the world’s most famous railway trips. The Oslo to Bergen Railway combined with a trip on the stunning Flåm Railway is a journey you won’t soon forget.

For those looking to explore the Norwegian coastline further, the city is the starting point for the iconic Norwegian coastal voyage.

Norway’s Bergen is an attractive travel destination to visit no matter the time of year.

Although the full journey takes 11 nights, it’s well worth staying a night or two in Bergen at the beginning or end of the voyage to immerse yourself in Norwegian culture.

Weather In Bergen

The first issue to address is that Bergen's weather is famously known for its precipitation. The city's rainy weather is a well-known characteristic, with wet conditions possible at any point throughout the year.

For example, although the wettest months on average are October to January, the two wettest months over the last 12 months were September and February.

When planning a visit, it's wise to prepare for rain by packing appropriate clothing, but don't let the weather deter you—the city's beauty shines through regardless of the forecast.

Bergen In The Summer

The summer months mark the peak tourist season in Bergen. Longer daylight hours in June and early July extend the possibilities for enjoying nature and the range of outdoor activities in and around Bergen.

The city's attractions become bustling hubs of activity, with a significant increase in day visitors, particularly on cruise ships and arrivals by train.

As one of Norway’s busiest cruise ports, Bergen manages cruise arrivals well, but thousands of extra day visitors still make a difference to the feel of the city. It’s especially noticeable at the UNESCO World Heritage site Bryggen, and the funicular railway, both of which are a relatively short walk from the primary cruise terminal.

The busy days of summer also drive up accommodation prices as availability dwindles, so securing accommodation in advance is a must.

Shoulder Seasons In Bergen

Consider visiting during the shoulder seasons—spring and fall—when the city is less crowded. These periods offer a more authentic experience of Bergen's charm, with the added benefit of potentially lower accommodation prices.

Bergen in the Fall can be beautiful, but it comes with a higher risk of rainfall.

However, the shoulder seasons—particularly the fall—bring a higher chance of rainfall.

Winter In Bergen

Consider the winter for the cheapest accommodation and fewest queues at attractions.

In the run-up to Christmas, you’ll have the opportunity to visit the Christmas markets and Bergen’s gingerbread town , while the brighter days of February and March offer skiing and other outdoor opportunities in the nearby mountains, even though snow doesn’t always settle in the city itself.

Bergen Travel Planning Tips

If you’re planning a day trip, check the Port of Bergern’s arrivals calendar to see how many cruise ships are planned to be docked on that day.

If you’ve already booked your trip and you see that several cruise ships will be in Bergen, plan your attraction visits for later in the day.

As a cultural hub, Bergen is also busy throughout the year whenever festivals and other major events take place. Although being in the city during these times may offer a wonderful culttural experience, it will also be a time of high accommodation and travel prices.

If you’re not traveling for a specific event, it’s worth checking the major events in Bergen to plan your visit outside of these times.

Finally, Bergen is well-connected by public transport, making it easy to explore the city's outskirts where you can enjoy nature and tranquility away from the tourist spots.

If downtown accommodation prices are high, consider looking for accommodation along the light rail network or local trains. The Clarion, Comfort, and Scandic hotels close to the airport may offer cheaper rates than their downtown equivalents.

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• To the West
• Barcelona and Mon...

Barcelona and Montserrat in winter?

I have the possibility of a week or so escape in Jan. I was thinking of returning to Rome, which is familiar and easy. However, I've always wanted to go to visit Montserrat, and Barcelona also sounds fascinating. I'm wondering if anyone has visited in winter? I don't do well in snow and ice. I'm assuming Barcelona would be "safe" in terms of weather, but any thoughts about Montserrat, since it's on the side of a mountain? Thanks

Can only tell you about Barcelona as were there a couple of years ago in December and found weather great, maybe we were lucky but we only wore light coats and had great time.

We went to Barcelona last year in early January and had great weather. Days were sunny and bright with temperatures in the high fifties. Evenings were cooler but probably still in the forties. We spent lots of our time outdoors and were comfortable and used public transportation to get everywhere including daytrips to Montserrat and Girona. No problems getting around Montserrat. It is impressive and beautiful. Check out the weather averages for both Barcelona and Rome. I would think similar temps but maybe sunnier days in Barcelona. Of course, no guarantees with weather but if you have never been to Barcelona then go for it!

I went to Montserrat in January 2010 and it was just fine. The weather was not too cold at all. I guess it might differ from year to year, but it was warm enough in Barcelona that I did not worry about whether it might be cold in Montserrat.

Book it! The weather in January is in the 50's. You will also benefit from minimum to no lines at La Pedrera, Sagrada Familia, & Casa Batillo. Bring gloves, a scarf, & a cross body handbag. Also plan to have your big meal around 1:30-2:00 when the menu del dia is on offer. Restaurants all over the city offer this mid day menu including 1st course, 2nd course, dessert, & glass of wine for around 12 euros. Safe travels!

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Malheur County under a winter weather advisory until Saturday midday – up to 4 inches of snow

O n Friday at 9:05 a.m. a winter weather advisory was issued by the National Weather Service in effect until Saturday at 11 a.m. for Malheur County.

The weather service adds, "Additional snow accumulations of 2 to 4 inches."

"Travel could be difficult with accumulating snow on roadways," adds the weather service. "Slow down and use caution while traveling. The latest road conditions can be obtained by calling 5 1 1."

Driving through winter: Expert tips from the weather service for a safe journey

Winter weather can make driving treacherous, leading to over 6,000 weather-related vehicle fatalities and over 480,000 injuries each year. When traveling during snow or freezing rain, prioritize safety by slowing down. In near-freezing temperatures, it's safest to assume that icy conditions exist on roadways and adjust your driving accordingly. Be cautious of ice accumulating on power lines or tree branches, which can lead to snapping and falling hazards. If possible, avoid driving in such conditions. If you must venture out, opt for routes with fewer trees and power lines. Never touch a downed power line, and immediately dial 911 if you come across one. Here are additional winter driving tips from the weather service:

1. Share your travel plans:

When traveling out of town in hazardous winter weather, inform your family or friends of your destination, planned route, and estimated time of arrival.

2. Prepare your vehicle:

Ensure your gas tank is full and equip your vehicle with essential winter supplies such as a windshield scraper, jumper cables, a small shovel, flashlight, cell phone, blanket, extra warm clothing, drinking water, and high-calorie non-perishable food.

3. Stay calm when stranded:

If you become stranded, remain composed. Inform someone about your situation and location. Avoid attempting to walk to safety. Indicate that you need assistance by attaching a cloth to your car's antenna or mirror, and make your vehicle more visible by using the dome light and flashers

4. Be aware of snow plows:

Keep an eye out for snow plows and allow them ample room to pass. Only overtake a plow when you have a clear view of the road ahead.

5. Check road conditions:

Before embarking on your journey, check the latest road conditions to make informed travel decisions.

Stay safe on wintry roads with these valuable winter driving tips from the weather service, and reduce the risk of accidents during challenging weather conditions.

Advance Local Weather Alerts is a service provided by United Robots, which uses machine learning to compile the latest data from the National Weather Service.

©2024 Advance Local Media LLC. Visit oregonlive.com. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

Your last-minute guide to Monday's total solar eclipse

A total solar eclipse will cross North America on Monday , offering millions a rare opportunity to see afternoon skies temporarily darken as the moon blocks the face of the sun.

Tune into NBC News NOW as Lester Holt hosts a two-hour special at 2 p.m. ET Monday from Indianapolis Motor Speedway.

The eclipse's path fortuitously cuts across Mexico, 15 U.S. states and a small part of eastern Canada. In all other states in the continental U.S., viewers will be treated to a partial solar eclipse, with the moon appearing to take a bite out of the sun and obscuring part of its light.

Here’s everything you need to know about the rare celestial event.

What is a solar eclipse?

Solar eclipses occur when the sun, moon and Earth align. The moon passes between Earth and sun, temporarily blocking the sun’s light and casting a shadow on Earth.

A total solar eclipse is when the moon fully obscures the sun, whereas a partial solar eclipse means it blocks just a portion of the sun’s face.

Solar eclipses occur only with the new moon. Because the moon’s orbit around Earth is tilted, the three bodies don’t always line up in a way that creates an eclipse.

“Imagine if the moon’s orbit were in the plane of Earth’s orbit around the sun — if that were the case, then every new moon, you’d have a total solar eclipse and every full moon, you’d have a lunar eclipse,” Neil DeGrasse Tyson, director of the Hayden Planetarium at the American Museum of Natural History, told NBC News. “So, because things don’t always align, it lends to the rarity of the event and the specialness of the event.”

Where and when will the eclipse be visible?

This year’s eclipse will follow a slightly wider path over more populated areas of the continental U.S. than other total solar eclipses have in the recent past.

NASA estimates that 31.6 million people live within what’s known as the path of totality, where the total solar eclipse will be visible. An additional 150 million people live within 200 miles of the path, according to the agency.

The path travels through Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine. Tiny parts of Michigan and Tennessee will also be able to witness totality if conditions are clear.

After the eclipse crosses into Canada, it will pass over southern Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton, at the eastern end of Nova Scotia.

Those outside the path of totality can still take part in the astronomical event by viewing a partial solar eclipse — visible throughout all 48 states of the contiguous U.S. — or a NASA livestream.

The timing, including how long totality lasts, depends on the location, but some spots will see the moon fully cover the sun for up to 4 minutes and 28 seconds.

Below is a list of timings for some cities along the path of totality, as  provided by NASA . A number of other resources, including NationalEclipse.com  and  TimeandDate.com , can also help people plan.

• Dallas: Partial eclipse begins at 12:23 p.m. CT and totality at 1:40 p.m.
• Little Rock, Arkansas: Partial eclipse begins at 12:33 p.m. CT and totality at 1:51 p.m.
• Cleveland: Partial eclipse begins at 1:59 p.m. ET and totality at 3:13 p.m.
• Buffalo, New York: Partial eclipse begins at 2:04 p.m. ET and totality at 3:18 p.m.
• Lancaster, New Hampshire: Partial eclipse begins at 2:16 p.m. ET and totality at 3:27 p.m.

How to safely view a solar eclipse

It is never safe to gaze directly at the sun, even when it is partly or mostly covered by the moon. Special eclipse glasses or  pinhole projectors  are required to safely view solar eclipses and prevent eye damage. Failing to take the proper precautions can result in severe eye injury,  according to NASA .

Eclipse glasses are thousands of times darker than normal sunglasses and specially made to enable wearers to look at the sun during these kinds of celestial events.

Sky-watchers should also never view any part of the sun through binoculars, telescopes or camera lenses unless they have specific solar filters attached. Eclipse glasses should not be used with these devices, as they will not provide adequate protection.

However, during the few minutes of totality, when the moon is fully blocking the sun, it is safe to look with the naked eye.

Beware of fake eclipse glasses. On legitimate pairs, the lenses should have a silver appearance on the front and be black on the inside. The manufacturer’s name and address should be clearly labeled, and they should not be torn or punctured. Check, as well, for the ISO logo and the code “IS 12312-2” printed on the inside.

If you don’t have eclipse glasses, you can make a homemade pinhole projector, which lets sunlight in through a small hole, focuses it and projects it onto a piece of paper, wall or other surface to create an image of the sun that is safe to look at. 

All you need is two pieces of white cardboard or plain white paper, aluminum foil and a pin or thumbtack. Cut a 1- to 2-inch square or rectangle out of the center of a piece of white paper or cardboard. Tape aluminum foil over that cut-out shape, then use a pin or thumbtack to poke a tiny hole in the foil.

During the eclipse, place a second piece of white paper or cardboard on the ground as a screen and hold the projector with the foil facing up and your back to the sun. Adjusting how far you hold the projector from the second piece of paper will alter the size of the image on the makeshift screen.

What to look for while viewing the total solar eclipse

For people along the path of totality, there are some fun milestones to keep track of as the total solar eclipse unfolds.

As the eclipse progresses and the sun gets thinner in the sky, it will start to get eerily dark, according to Tyson.

When the last beams of sunlight are about to become obscured, look out for the “diamond ring effect”: The sun’s atmosphere will appear as an illuminated halo, and the last light still visible will look like the diamond of a giant ring.

As the sunlight decreases even further, an effect known as Baily’s beads will be created by the moon’s rugged terrain. Tiny “beads” of light will be visible for only a few seconds around the dark moon, as the last bits of sunlight peer through the moon’s mountains and valleys.

When the moon is fully blocking the sun, it is safe to remove eclipse glasses and look at the total solar eclipse with the naked eye.

Some lucky sky-watchers may even catch a glimpse of a comet .

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks — nicknamed the “ devil comet ” because an eruption last year left it with two distinct trails of gas and ice in the shape of devil horns — is currently visible from the Northern Hemisphere as it swings through the inner solar system.

The comet can be seen in the early evenings by gazing toward the west-northwest horizon. During the eclipse, when skies darken during totality, it may be possible to see the comet near Jupiter, but its visibility will depend on whether it’s in the middle of an outburst and thus brighter than normal.

Most likely, all eyes will be on the alignment of the moon and sun.

“Most people won’t even notice,” Tyson said. “But if you know to look, it’s there.”

When is the next solar eclipse?

The next total solar eclipse will be in 2026, but it will mostly pass over the Arctic Ocean, with some visibility in Greenland, Iceland, Portugal and northern Spain. In 2027, a total solar eclipse will be visible in Spain and a swath of northern Africa.

The next total solar eclipse visible from North America will be in 2033, but only over Alaska. Then in 2044, a total solar eclipse will cross Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, parts of Canada and Greenland.

The next total solar eclipse to cross the continental U.S. coast-to-coast in will occur in 2045. The path of totality for that eclipse will cut through California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia and Florida.

Denise Chow is a reporter for NBC News Science focused on general science and climate change.

Lucas Thompson is a content producer for the NBC News Climate Unit.